Explanatory Notes to Welfare Reform and Pensions Act 1999

Introduction

Overview

Background to the Act
Stakeholder Pension Schemes
Pension Sharing on Divorce
Bereavement Benefits
Welfare to Work
Long Term Illness and Disability
National Insurance contributions (NICs)
Miscellaneous Measures

Parliamentary Stages

StageDate (all dates are 1999) and Hansard reference
HOUSE OF COMMONS (introduced on 10 February)
Second Reading23 February (vol. 326, col. 214)
Committee2 March to 27 April: 25 sittings
(Standing Committee D)
Report17 May (vol. 331, col. 643) and
20 May (vol. 331, col. 1241)
Third Reading20 May (vol. 331. col.1342)
HOUSE OF LORDS (brought from the Commons on 21 May)
Second Reading10 June (vol. 601, col. 1561)
Committee24 June (vol. 602, col. 1075);
6 July (vol. 603, col. 725);
13 July (vol. 604, col. 177);
20 July (vol. 604, col. 818)
Report11 October (vol. 605, col. 26)
13 October (vol. 605, col. 366)
Third Reading27 October (vol. 606, col. 302)
House of Commons
Consideration of Lords amendments3 November (vol. 337, col. 297)
House of Lords
Consideration of Commons amendments8 November (vol. 606, col. 1154)
House of Commons
Consideration of Lords amendments9 November (vol. 337, col. 924)
House of Lords
Consideration of Commons amendments9 November (vol. 606, col. 1323)
ROYAL ASSENT (11 November)

Commentary on Sections

Part I: Stakeholder Pension Schemes

Background
Commentary
Section 1: meaning of “stakeholder pension scheme”
Section 2: Registration of stakeholder pension schemes
Section 3: Duty of employers to facilitate access to stakeholder pension schemes
Section 4: Obtaining information with respect to compliance with section 3
Section 5: Inspection of premises
Section 6: Application of certain enactments
Section 7: Reduced rates of contributions etc: power to specify different percentages
Section 8: Interpretation of Part I

Schedule 13Parts VI and VII: Repeals: National Insurance contributions

Part II: Pensions: General

Section 9: Monitoring of employers’ payments to personal pension schemes
Section 10: Late payments by employers to occupational pension schemes
Section 11: Effect of bankruptcy on pension rights: approved arrangements
Section 12: Effect of bankruptcy on pension rights: unapproved arrangements
Section 14: No forfeiture on bankruptcy of rights under pension schemes
Sections 15-16: Excessive pension contributions made by persons who have become bankrupt
Section 17: Compensating occupational pension schemes
Section 18: Miscellaneous amendments
Paragraphs 1 and 2: Income payments orders against pension payments
Paragraph 3: Extended meaning of “personal pension scheme”
Paragraph 4 : Revaluation of earnings factors: meaning of “relevant year”
Paragraph 5 : Interim arrangements
Paragraph 6: Effect of certain orders on guaranteed minimum pensions
Paragraph 7 : Mandatory payment of contribution equivalent premium
Paragraph 8: Payment by Secretary of State of unpaid pension contributions
Paragraphs 9 to 11: Supervision by the Occupational Pensions Regulatory Authority
Paragraph 12: Occupational pension schemes: institutions who may hold money deposited by trustees etc.
Paragraph 13: Annual increase in rate of pension
Paragraph 14: Occupational pension schemes: certificates etc. relating to minimum funding requirement
Paragraph 15: Excess assets of wound up schemes
Paragraph 16: Pensions Compensation Board
Paragraph 17: Diligence against pensions: Scotland
Paragraph 18: Pensionable service
Paragraph 19: Occupational pension schemes: rights of an employee who is director of a corporate trustee

Background

The pension sharing sections
Structure of the provisions about pensions on divorce and nullity

Part III

Part IV

Part VI

Summary of pension sharing provisions

Part III

Part IV

Chapter I

Chapter II

Part VI

Commentary

Part III – Pensions on Divorce Etc.

Section 19: Pension sharing orders in England and Wales
Section 20: Pension sharing orders in Scotland
Section 21: Sections 25B to 25D of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973
Section 22: Extension to overseas divorces etc.
Section 25: Power to make consequential amendments of Part III.

Part IV – Pension Sharing

Chapter I – Sharing of Rights under Pension Arrangements

Section 27: Scope of pension sharing mechanism
Section 28: Activation of pension sharing
Section 29: Creation of pension debits and credits
Section 30: Calculation of cash equivalents
Pension debits
Section 31: Reduction of benefit
Section 32: Effect on contracted-out rights
Section 33: Time for discharge of liability
Section 34: “Implementation period”
Section 35: Mode of discharge of liability
Section 33: Time for discharge of liability
Section 34: “Implementation period”
Section 35: Mode of discharge of liability
Section 36: Safeguarded rights
Section 37: Requirements relating to pension credit benefit

Chapter I

Chapter II

Section 101K
Section 38: Treatment in winding up
Indexation
Section 39: Public service schemes
Section 40: Other pension schemes
Section 41: Charges by pension arrangements
Adaptation of statutory schemes
Section 42: Extension of scheme-making powers
Section 43: Power to extend judicial pension schemes
Supplementary
Section 44: Disapplication of restrictions on alienation
Section 45: Information

Chapter II – Sharing of State Scheme Rights

Section 47: Shareable state scheme rights
Section 48: Activation of benefit sharing
Section 49: Creation of state scheme pension debits and credits
Section 50: Effect of state scheme pension debits and credits

Part V: Welfare

Chapter I: Social Security Benefits

Section 52: Preservation of rights in respect of additional pension
Section 53: Extension of entitlement to state Maternity Allowance
Sections 54-56: Benefits for Widows and Widowers
Background
Commentary
Section 54: Bereavement Payment
Section 55: New allowances for bereaved spouses
Section 56: Additional Pension
Sections 57-58: Work-Focused Interviews
Section 57: Work-focused interviews
Background
Commentary
Section 58: Optional work-focused interviews
Sections 59-60: Jobseeker’s Allowance
Section 59 and Schedule 7: Joint claims for Jobseeker’s Allowance
Background
Commentary
Section 60: Special schemes for claimants of Jobseeker’s Allowance
Section 61: Incapacity for Work
Section 61: Incapacity for work: Personal Capability Assessments
Sections 62-65: Incapacity Benefits
Section 62: Incapacity Benefit: restriction to recent contributors
Section 63: Incapacity Benefit: reduction for pension payments
Section 64: Incapacity benefit: persons incapacitated in youth
Section 65: Abolition of Severe Disablement Allowance;
Sections 66-67: Disability Benefits
Background
Commentary
Section 66: Attendance Allowance
Section 67: Disability Living Allowance
Sections 68-72: Miscellaneous Provisions
Section 68: Certain overpayments of benefit not to be recoverable
Section 69: Child Benefit: claimant to state national insurance number
Section 70: Welfare benefits: miscellaneous amendments
Section 71: Sharing of functions as regards certain claims and information
Section 72: Disclosure and use of information

Chapter II: National Insurance Contributions

Sections 73 & 74 (and Schedules 9 and 10): New threshold for primary Class 1 contributions
Commentary

Part I

Part II

Part III

Sections 75 and 76: Earnings of workers supplied by service companies etc.
Sections 77 and 78: National Insurance Class 1B contributions

Chapter III: Other Welfare Provisions

Section 79: measures to reduce under-occupation by housing benefit claimants
Section 80: Supply of information for child support purposes

Part VI: General

Section 81: Contributions and pensions administration
Section 82: Authorisation of certain expenditure
Section 83: Regulations and orders
Section 84 Consequential amendments etc.
Section 85: Transitional provisions
Section 87: Corresponding provision for Northern Ireland
Section 88: Repeals
Section 89: Commencement
Section 90: Extent
Section 91: Short title, general interpretation and Scottish devolution

Schedules

ScheduleSubjectRefer to commentary on:
1Application of 1993 and 1995 Acts to registered schemesSection 6
2Pensions: miscellaneous amendmentsSection 18
3Pension sharing orders: England and WalesParts III and IV
4Amendments of sections 25B to 25D of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973Parts III and IV
5Pension credits: mode of dischargeParts III and IV
6Effect of state scheme pension debits and creditsParts III and IV
7Joint claims for Jobseeker’s AllowanceSection 59
8Welfare benefits: minor and consequential amendments:
8 Part IBereavement benefitsSection 59
8 Part IIIncapacitySection 63
8 Part IIIAbolition of Severe Disablement AllowanceSection 65
8 Part IVIncome SupportSection 59
8 Part VJobseeker’s AllowanceSections 59 & 70
8 Part VIMaternity AllowanceSection 53
8 Part VIIRetirement PensionParts III and IV
8 Part VIIIAdministration of benefitsSection 71
9 & 10New threshold for primary Class 1 contributionsSections 73 & 74
11Contributions and pensions administrationSection 81
12Consequential amendments:
12 Part IConsequential on Parts III and IVParts III and IV
12 Part IIOther consequential amendmentsSections 15-16;
57-58, 71; 73-74
13Repeals:
13 Part IPensions: miscellaneousParts I and II
13 Part IIPensions on divorce etc.Parts III and IV
13 Part IIIPension sharingParts III and IV
13 Part IVAbolition of Severe Disablement AllowanceSection 65
13 Part VBenefits: miscellaneousPart V
13 Part VINational Insurance contributionsSections 77 & 78
13 Part VIINational Insurance contributions: Northern IrelandSections 77 & 78

Commencement

Glossary

Administration Act
All Work Test
Annuity
Attendance Allowance (AA)
Contributions and Benefits Act
Contracting out
Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
Housing Benefit (HB)
Incapacity Benefit (IB)
Income Support (IS)
Jobseekers Act
Jobseeker’s Allowance (JSA)
Lower Earnings Limit (LEL)
Maternity Allowance
National Insurance contributions
National Insurance number
Occupational pension scheme
Occupational Pensions Regulatory Authority (OPRA)
Pension Schemes Act 1993 (“the 1993 Act”)
Pensions Act 1995 (“the 1995 Act”)
Personal pension
Severe Disablement Allowance (SDA)
State Earnings Related Pension Scheme (SERPS)
Upper Earnings Limit (UEL)