Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, section 272

Associated and joint property: default of agreement

Part 5 Civil recovery of the proceeds etc. of unlawful conduct

(1)Where this section applies, the court may make the following provision if—

(a)there is no agreement under section 271, and

(b)the court thinks it just and equitable to do so.

(2)The recovery order may provide—

(a)for the associated property to vest in the trustee for civil recovery or (as the case may be) for the excepted joint owner’s interest to be extinguished, or

(b)in the case of an excepted joint owner, for the severance of his interest.

(3)A recovery order making any provision by virtue of subsection (2)(a) may provide—

(a)for the trustee to pay an amount to the person who holds the associated property or who is an excepted joint owner, or

(b)for the creation of interests in favour of that person, or the imposition of liabilities or conditions, in relation to the property vested in the trustee,

or for both.

(4)In making any provision in a recovery order by virtue of subsection (2) or (3), the court must have regard to—

(a)the rights of any person who holds the associated property or who is an excepted joint owner and the value to him of that property or, as the case may be, of his share (including any value which cannot be assessed in terms of money),

(b)the enforcement authority’s interest in receiving the realised proceeds of the recoverable property.

(5)If—

(a)[F828 a property freezing order, an interim receiving order, a prohibitory property order or an F828] interim administration order applied at any time to the associated property or joint tenancy, and

(b)the court is satisfied that the person who holds the associated property or who is an excepted joint owner has suffered loss as a result of the [F829order mentioned in paragraph (a) F829] ,

a recovery order making any provision by virtue of subsection (2) or (3) may require the enforcement authority to pay compensation to that person.

(6)The amount of compensation to be paid under subsection (5) is the amount the court thinks reasonable, having regard to the person’s loss and to any other relevant circumstances.

[F830 (7)In subsection (5) the reference to the enforcement authority is, in the case of an enforcement authority in relation to England and Wales or Northern Ireland, a reference to the enforcement authority which obtained the property freezing order or interim receiving order concerned.F830]

Definitions used in section 272 13

the court

(10) In this section, sections 120 to 140 and Schedule 3 “the court” means—

(a)the Court of Session, where a trial diet or a diet fixed for the purposes of section 76 of the Procedure Act in proceedings for the offence or offences concerned is to be, is being or has been held in the High Court of Justiciary;

(b)the sheriff exercising his civil jurisdiction, where a diet referred to in paragraph (a) is to be, is being or has been held in the sheriff court.

Defined in s.119(10) · see it in the full Act

“the court” (except in sections 253(2) and (3) and 262(2) and (3) and Chapters 3, 3A , 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E and 3F ) means the High Court or (in relation to proceedings in Scotland) the Court of Session,

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
recovery order

“recovery order” means an order made under section 266,

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
associated property

“associated property” (in Chapter 2) has the meaning given by section 245,

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
excepted joint owner

“excepted joint owner” has the meaning given by section 270(4),

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
interest

“interest”, in relation to land—

(a)

in the case of land in England and Wales or Northern Ireland, means any legal estate and any equitable interest or power,

(b)

in the case of land in Scotland, means any estate, interest, servitude or other heritable right in or over land, including a heritable security,

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act

“interest”, in relation to property other than land, includes any right (including a right to possession of the property),

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
value

“value” means market value.

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
share

“share”, in relation to an excepted joint owner, has the meaning given by section 270(4),

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
enforcement authority

“enforcement authority”—

(a)

in relation to England and Wales, means the Financial Conduct Authority, Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs, the National Crime Agency , the Director of Public Prosecutions ... or the Director of the Serious Fraud Office,

(b)

in relation to Scotland, means the Scottish Ministers,

(c)

in relation to Northern Ireland, means the Financial Conduct Authority, Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs, the National Crime Agency , the Director of the Serious Fraud Office or the Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland,

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
recoverable property

“recoverable property” is to be read in accordance with sections 304 to 310,

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
property freezing order

“property freezing order” has the meaning given by section 245A(2);

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
interim receiving order

“interim receiving order” has the meaning given by section 246(2),

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
prohibitory property order

“prohibitory property order” has the meaning given by section 255A(2);

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act
interim administration order

“interim administration order” has the meaning given by section 256(2),

Defined in s.316(1) · see it in the full Act

Cases considering section 272 5

Assets Recovery Agency v Olupitan & Anor

[2007] EWHC 162 (QB) · 8 February 2007

The court applied the associated-property powers to permit sale of Hazelmere Road, repayment of the mortgage and recovery of the balance. (see paras [17]-[18], [68])

Olupitan & Anor v Assets Recovery Agency (includes Addendum)

[2008] EWCA Civ 104 · 22 February 2008

The court regarded the lender's charge as requiring proper protection when making a recovery order. The order therefore required discharge of the outstanding secured indebtedness from sale proceeds. (see paras [55]; [59]; [65])

Serious Organised Crime Agency v Agidi & Anor

[2011] EWHC 175 (QB) · 7 February 2011Limits

Section 272 provides protections concerning associated property. The court identified the provision as a statutory protection but found no relevant protection applicable to the property claimed. (see para [143])

What each judgment says about section 272 is in the case-law panel in the full Act.

Explanatory note

362.This section applies where no agreement can be reached under section 274, but the court thinks it would be just and equitable to make provision concerning associated property or joint property. In such cases, the recovery order may provide for the associated property to vest in the trustee; for an excepted joint owner's interest in the property to be extinguished; or for an excepted joint owner's interest to be severed from the recoverable property (subsection (2)). Where the associated property vests in the trustee or the excepted joint owner's interest is extinguished, the order may provide for the trustee to make a payment in lieu, or for there to be conditions attached to the property in favour of the persons concerned (subsection (3)). There is also provision for the court to create interests in favour of the person with the joint interest or associated property interest. So, for example, the court might order that a joint owner’s interest in a house be extinguished, but might at the same time create a right for him to live in the house for his lifetime (as well, perhaps, as ordering that he be paid compensation). In deciding what provision to make, the court must have regard to the rights of the persons and the value to them of the property, as well as the interest of the enforcement authority (subsection (4)). Where a person who holds associated property or is an excepted joint owner has suffered loss as a result of an interim receiving order or interim administration order applying to the property, the recovery order may require the enforcement authority to pay compensation of an amount which the court thinks reasonable, having regard to the person’s loss and any other relevant circumstances (subsections (5) and (6)).

All the explanatory notes for the Act

Amendments and notes

4 notes from legislation.gov.uk

Amendments

  1. F828Words in s. 272(5)(a) substituted (1.1.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 6 para. 17(a); S.I. 2005/3136, art. 3(c)
  2. F829Words in s. 272(5)(b) substituted (1.1.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 6 para. 17(b); S.I. 2005/3136, art. 3(c)
  3. F830S. 272(7) inserted (1.4.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 8 para. 87; S.I. 2008/755, art. 2(1)(a) (with arts. 3-14)

Commencement

  1. I254S. 272 in force at 24.2.2003 by S.I. 2003/120, art. 2, Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (20.2.2003) by S.I. 2003/333, art. 14)