Employment Rights Act 1996, section 43KA

Application of this Part and related provisions to police

Part IVA Protected disclosures

(1)For the purposes of—

(a)this Part,

(b)section 47B and sections 48 and 49 so far as relating to that section, and

(c)section 103A and the other provisions of Part 10 so far as relating to the right not to be unfairly dismissed in a case where the dismissal is unfair by virtue of section 103A,

a person who holds, otherwise than under a contract of employment, the office of constable or an appointment as a police cadet shall be treated as an employee employed by the relevant officer under a contract of employment; and any reference to a worker being “employed” and to his “employer” shall be construed accordingly.

(2) In this section “the relevant officer” means—

(a)in relation to a member of a police force or a special constable appointed for a police area, the chief officer of police;

[F208 (b)in relation to a member of a police force seconded to the [F209 National Crime Agency to serve as a National Crime Agency officerF209] , that Agency; andF208]

(d)in relation to any other person holding the office of constable or an appointment as police cadet, the person who has the direction and control of the body of constables or cadets in question.F207]

Definitions used in section 43KA 5

contract of employment

(2) In this Act “contract of employment” means a contract of service or apprenticeship, whether express or implied, and (if it is express) whether oral or in writing.

Defined in s.230(2) · see it in the full Act
employee

(1) In this Act “employee” means an individual who has entered into or works under (or, where the employment has ceased, worked under) a contract of employment.

Defined in s.230(1) · see it in the full Act
employed

and “employed” shall be construed accordingly.

Defined in s.230(5) · see it in the full Act

(6) This section has effect subject to sections 43K , 47B(3) and 49B(10) ; and for the purposes of Part XIII so far as relating to Part IVA or section 47B, “worker”, “worker’s contract” and, in relation to a worker, “employer”, “employment” and “employed” have the extended meaning given by section 43K.

Defined in s.230(6) · see it in the full Act

and any reference to a worker’s contract, to employment or to a worker being “employed” shall be construed accordingly.

Defined in s.43K(1) · see it in the full Act
workers

(4) The Secretary of State may by order make amendments to this section as to what individuals count as “workers” for the purposes of this Part (despite not being within the definition in section 230(3)).

Defined in s.43K(4) · see it in the full Act
worker

(1) For the purposes of this Part “worker” includes an individual who is not a worker as defined by section 230(3) but who—

(a)works or worked for a person in circumstances in which—

(i)he is or was introduced or supplied to do that work by a third person, and

(ii)the terms on which he is or was engaged to do the work are or were in practice substantially determined not by him but by the person for whom he works or worked, by the third person or by both of them,

(b) contracts or contracted with a person, for the purposes of that person’s business, for the execution of work to be done in a place not under the control or management of that person and would fall within section 230(3)(b) if for “personally” in that provision there were substituted “(whether personally or otherwise)”,

( ba )works or worked as a person performing services under a contract entered into by him with NHS England under section 83(2), 84, 92, 100, 107, 115(4), 117 or 134 of, or Schedule 12 to, the National Health Service Act 2006 or with a Local Health Board under section 41(2)(b), 42, 50, 57, 64 or 92 of, or Schedule 7 to, the National Health Service (Wales) Act 2006 ,

( bb )works or worked as a person performing services under a contract entered into by him with a Health Board under section 17J or 17Q of the National Health Service (Scotland) Act 1978,

(c) works or worked as a person providing services in accordance with arrangements made—

(i)by NHS England under section 126 of the National Health Service Act 2006, or Local Health Board under section 71 or 80 of the National Health Service (Wales) Act 2006 , or

( ii ) by a Health Board under section 2C, 17AA, 17C, . . . 25, 26 or 27 of the National Health Service (Scotland) Act 1978, or

(cb) is or was provided with work experience provided pursuant to a course of education or training approved by, or under arrangements with, the Nursing and Midwifery Council in accordance with article 15(6)(a) of the Nursing and Midwifery Order 2001 (S.I. 2002/253), or

(d)is or was provided with work experience provided pursuant to a training course or programme or with training for employment (or with both) otherwise than—

(i)under a contract of employment, or

(ii)by an educational establishment on a course run by that establishment;

and any reference to a worker’s contract, to employment or to a worker being “employed” shall be construed accordingly.

Defined in s.43K(1) · see it in the full Act

(3) In this Act “worker” (except in the phrases “shop worker” and “betting worker”) means an individual who has entered into or works under (or, where the employment has ceased, worked under)—

(a)a contract of employment, or

(b)any other contract, whether express or implied and (if it is express) whether oral or in writing, whereby the individual undertakes to do or perform personally any work or services for another party to the contract whose status is not by virtue of the contract that of a client or customer of any profession or business undertaking carried on by the individual;

Defined in s.230(3) · see it in the full Act

(6) This section has effect subject to sections 43K , 47B(3) and 49B(10) ; and for the purposes of Part XIII so far as relating to Part IVA or section 47B, “worker”, “worker’s contract” and, in relation to a worker, “employer”, “employment” and “employed” have the extended meaning given by section 43K.

Defined in s.230(6) · see it in the full Act

Cases considering section 43KA 3

Lake v British Transport Police

[2007] EWCA Civ 424 · 4 May 2007Interprets

Interprets the inserted provision as extending sections 47B, 48 and 103A protection to constables outside a contract of employment by treating them as employees of the chief officer. The statutory right was not defeated by judicial immunity. (see paras [23], [31])

P v Commissioner Of Police Of The Metropolis (Jurisdictional Points)

[2014] UKEAT 0449_13_2503 · 25 March 2014

Section 43KA treats a police office-holder as an employee for the specified protected-disclosure and associated rights. The court treated this statutory conferral as capable of permitting an Employment Tribunal to determine a whistleblowing dismissal claim despite the board’s decision (see paras [3]; [24]-[27]).

P v The Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis

[2016] EWCA Civ 2 · 20 January 2016Defines

Section 43KA was described as treating a police constable or cadet dismissed for making a protected disclosure as an employee, thereby enabling access to the Employment Tribunal through section 103A. (see para [4])

What each judgment says about section 43KA is in the case-law panel in the full Act.

Amendments and notes

3 notes from legislation.gov.uk

Amendments

  1. F207S. 43KA inserted (1.4.2004) by Police Reform Act 2002 (c. 30), ss. 37(1), 108(2)-(5); S.I. 2004/913, art. 2(b)
  2. F208S. 43KA(2)(b) substituted for s. 43KA(2)(b)(c) (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), ss. 59, 178, Sch. 4 para. 85; S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. (subject to art. 4(2)-(7))
  3. F209Words in s. 43KA(2)(b) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 50; S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)