Higher Education and Research Act 2017

2017 CHAPTER 29

An Act to make provision about higher education and research; and to make provision about alternative payments to students in higher or further education.

[27th April 2017]

B e it enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:—

Part 1 The Office for Students

Establishment of the Office for Students

1 The Office for Students _I1

(1) A body corporate called the Office for Students is established.

(2) In this Act that body is referred to as “ the OfS ”.

(3) Schedule 1 contains further provision about the OfS.

2 General duties _I2

(1) In performing its functions, the OfS must have regard to—

(a) the need to protect the institutional autonomy of English higher education providers,

(b) the need to promote quality, and greater choice and opportunities for students, in the provision of higher education by English higher education providers,

(c) the need to encourage competition between English higher education providers in connection with the provision of higher education where that competition is in the interests of students and employers, while also having regard to the benefits for students and employers resulting from collaboration between such providers,

(d) the need to promote value for money in the provision of higher education by English higher education providers,

(e) the need to promote equality of opportunity in connection with access to and participation in higher education provided by English higher education providers,

(f) the need to use the OfS's resources in an efficient, effective and economic way, and

(g) so far as relevant, the principles of best regulatory practice, including the principles that regulatory activities should be—

(i) transparent, accountable, proportionate and consistent, and

(ii) targeted only at cases in which action is needed.

(2) The reference in subsection (1)(b) to choice in the provision of higher education by English higher education providers includes choice amongst a diverse range of—

(a) types of provider,

(b) higher education courses, and

(c) means by which they are provided (for example, full-time or part-time study, distance learning or accelerated courses).

(3) In performing its functions, including its duties under subsection (1), the OfS must have regard to guidance given to it by the Secretary of State.

(4) In giving such guidance, the Secretary of State must have regard to the need to protect the institutional autonomy of English higher education providers.

(5) The guidance may, in particular, be framed by reference to particular courses of study but, whether or not the guidance is framed in that way, it must not relate to—

(a) particular parts of courses of study,

(b) the content of such courses,

(d) the criteria for the selection, appointment or dismissal of academic staff, or how they are applied, or

(e) the criteria for the admission of students, or how they are applied.

(6) Guidance framed by reference to a particular course of study must not guide the OfS to perform a function in a way which prohibits or requires the provision of a particular course of study.

(7) Guidance given by the Secretary of State to the OfS which relates to English higher education providers must apply to such providers generally or to a description of such providers.

(8) In this Part, “ the institutional autonomy of English higher education providers ” means—

(a) the freedom of English higher education providers within the law to conduct their day to day management in an effective and competent way,

(b) the freedom of English higher education providers—

(i) to determine the content of particular courses and the manner in which they are taught, supervised and assessed,

(ii) to determine the criteria for the selection, appointment and dismissal of academic staff and apply those criteria in particular cases, and

(iii) to determine the criteria for the admission of students and apply those criteria in particular cases, and

(i) to question and test received wisdom, and

(ii) to put forward new ideas and controversial or unpopular opinions,

without placing themselves in jeopardy of losing their jobs or privileges they may have at the providers.

The register of English higher education providers

3 The register _I3_,_I4_,_I5_,_I6_,_I7

(1) The OfS must establish and maintain a register of English higher education providers (referred to in this Part as “ the register ”).

(2) The register may be divided by the OfS into different parts representing such different categories of registration as the OfS may determine.

(3) The OfS must register an institution in the register (or, where it has been divided into parts, in a particular part of the register) if—

(a) its governing body applies for it to be registered in the register (or in that part),

(b) it is, or intends to become, an English higher education provider,

(c) it satisfies the initial registration conditions applicable to it in respect of the registration sought (see section 5), and

(d) the application complies with any requirements imposed under subsection (5).

(4) The OfS may not otherwise register an institution in the register.

(5) The OfS may determine—

(a) the form of an application for registration in the register (or in a particular part of the register),

(b) the information to be contained in it or provided with it, and

(6) The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision about the information which must be contained in an institution's entry in the register.

(7) Once registered, an institution's ongoing registration is subject to satisfying—

(a) the general ongoing registration conditions applicable to it at the time of its registration and as they may be later revised (see section 5), and

(b) the specific ongoing registration conditions (if any) imposed on it at the time of its registration and as they may be later varied (see section 6).

(8) References in this Part to the ongoing registration conditions of an institution are to the conditions mentioned in subsection (7)(a) and (b).

(9) The OfS must make the information contained in the register, and the information previously contained in it, publicly available by such means as it considers appropriate.

(10) In this Part—

(a) a “ registered higher education provider ” means an institution which is registered in the register, and

(b) references to “registration” are to be read accordingly.

4 Registration procedure _I8

(1) Before refusing an application to register an institution, the OfS must notify the governing body of the institution of its intention to do so.

(2) The notice must—

(a) specify the OfS's reasons for proposing to refuse to register the institution,

(b) specify the period during which the governing body of the institution may make representations about the proposal (“ the specified period ”), and

(3) The specified period must not be less than 28 days beginning with the date on which the notice is received.

(4) The OfS must have regard to any representations made by the governing body of the institution during the specified period in deciding whether to register it in the register.

(5) Having decided whether or not to register the institution, the OfS must notify the governing body of the institution of its decision.

(6) Where the decision is to register the institution, the notice must—

(a) specify the date of entry in the register, and

(b) specify the ongoing registration conditions of the institution at that time.

(7) Where the decision is to refuse to register the institution, the notice must contain information as to the grounds for the refusal.

Registration conditions

5 The initial and general ongoing registration conditions _I9

(1) The OfS must determine and publish—

(a) the initial registration conditions, and

(b) the general ongoing registration conditions.

(2) Different conditions may be determined—

(a) for different descriptions of provider;

(b) for registration in different parts of the register.

(3) The OfS may revise the conditions.

(4) If the OfS revises the conditions, it must publish them as revised.

(5) Before determining or revising the conditions, the OfS must, if it appears to it appropriate to do so, consult bodies representing the interests of English higher education providers which appear to the OfS to be concerned.

(6) The OfS may, at the time of an institution's registration or later, decide that a particular general ongoing registration condition is not applicable to it.

(7) Where the decision is made after the institution's registration, the OfS must notify the governing body of the institution of its decision.

6 The specific ongoing registration conditions _I10

(1) The OfS may, at the time of an institution's registration or later, impose such conditions on its registration as the OfS may determine (“the specific ongoing registration conditions”).

(2) The OfS may at any time vary or remove a specific ongoing registration condition.

(3) Before—

(a) varying or removing a specific ongoing registration condition on an institution's registration, or

(b) imposing a new specific ongoing registration condition on its registration,

the OfS must notify the governing body of the institution of its intention to do so.

(4) The notice must—

(a) specify the OfS's reasons for proposing to take the step in question,

(b) specify the period during which the governing body of the institution may make representations about the proposal (“ the specified period ”), and

(5) The specified period must not be less than 28 days beginning with the date on which the notice is received.

(6) The OfS must have regard to any representations made by the governing body of the institution during the specified period in deciding whether to take the step in question.

(7) Having decided whether or not to take the step in question, the OfS must notify the governing body of the institution of its decision.

(8) If the OfS decides to vary or remove a specific ongoing registration condition or impose a new specific ongoing registration condition, the notice must—

(a) specify the condition (as varied), the condition being removed or the new condition (as the case may be), and

(b) specify the date when the variation, removal or imposition takes effect.

(9) For the purposes of this section, a specific ongoing registration condition is “new” if it is imposed otherwise than at the time of the institution's registration.

7 Proportionate conditions _I11

(1) The OfS must ensure that the initial registration conditions applicable to an institution and its ongoing registration conditions are proportionate to the OfS's assessment of the regulatory risk posed by the institution.

(2) “ Regulatory risk ” means the risk of the institution, when it is registered, failing to comply with regulation by the OfS.

(3) In light of its duty under subsection (1), the OfS must keep the initial registration conditions applicable to an institution and its ongoing registration conditions under review.

Mandatory registration conditions

8 Mandatory ongoing registration conditions for all providers _I12

(1) The OfS must ensure that the ongoing registration conditions of each registered higher education provider include—

(a) a condition that requires the governing body of the provider to notify the OfS of any change of which it becomes aware which affects the accuracy of the information contained in the provider's entry in the register,

(b) a condition that requires the governing body of the provider to provide the OfS, or a person nominated by the OfS, with such information for the purposes of the performance of the OfS's functions as the OfS may require it to provide, and

(c) a condition that requires the governing body of the provider to provide a designated body with such information for the purposes of the performance of its duties under sections 64(1) and 65(1) (compiling, making available and publishing higher education information) as the designated body may require it to provide.

(2) In subsection (1)(c), “ designated body ” means a body for the time being designated under Schedule 6.

9 Mandatory transparency condition for certain providers _I13

(1) The OfS must ensure that the ongoing registration conditions of each registered higher education provider of a prescribed description include a transparency condition.

(2) A transparency condition is a condition that requires the governing body of a registered higher education provider to provide to the OfS, and publish, such information as the OfS requests in relation to one or more of the following—

(a) the number of applications for admission on to higher education courses that the provider has received;

(b) the number of offers made by the provider in relation to those applications;

(d) the number of students who accepted those offers that completed their course with the provider;

(e) the number of students who attained a particular degree or other academic award, or a particular level of such an award, on completion of their course with the provider.

(3) The information which the OfS may request in relation to the numbers mentioned in subsection (2) includes those numbers by reference to one or more of the following—

(a) the gender of the individuals to which they relate;

(b) their ethnicity;

(4) “ Prescribed ” means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State for the purposes of this section.

10 Mandatory fee limit condition for certain providers _I14

(1) The OfS must ensure that the ongoing registration conditions of each registered higher education provider of a prescribed description include a fee limit condition.

(2) In this Part, “ a fee limit condition ” means a condition that requires the governing body of the provider to secure that regulated course fees do not exceed the fee limit.

(3) “Regulated course fees” are fees payable to the provider by a qualifying person—

(a) in connection with his or her undertaking a qualifying course, and

(b) in respect of an academic year applicable to that course which begins at the same time as, or while, the provider is registered in the register.

(4) A “ qualifying person ” means a person who—

(a) is not an international student, and

(b) is within a prescribed description of persons.

(5) An “ international student ” means a person who is not within any description of persons prescribed under section 1 of the Education (Fees and Awards) Act 1983 (charging of higher fees in case of students without prescribed connection with the UK) for the purposes of subsection (1) or (2) of that section.

(6) A “ qualifying course ” means a higher education course of a prescribed description.

(7) The power to prescribe descriptions of higher education course under subsection (6) may not be exercised in such a way as to discriminate—

(a) in relation to courses of initial teacher training, between different courses on the basis of the subjects in which such training is given, and

(b) in relation to other courses, between different courses at the same or a comparable level on the basis of the areas of study or research to which they relate.

(8) The OfS has no power, apart from this section, to limit the fees payable to an English higher education provider.

(9) In this section—

“ higher education course ” does not include any postgraduate course other than a course of initial teacher training;
“ prescribed ” means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State for the purposes of this section.

(10) Schedule 2 contains provision about determining “the fee limit”; see section 85(2) for the meaning of “fees”.

11 Duty to publish a list regarding the fee limit condition _I15

(1) The OfS must publish in each year a list of—

(a) the registered higher education providers who have a fee limit condition as an ongoing registration condition, and

(b) the fee limits as determined under Schedule 2 in relation to each of those providers for fees in connection with each qualifying course provided by the provider in respect of each relevant academic year.

(2) A “ relevant academic year ”, in relation to a qualifying course, is an academic year which is applicable to the course and which is due to start in the calendar year after the calendar year in which the list is published.

(3) The OfS must send a copy of each published list to the Secretary of State who must lay it before Parliament.

(4) The Secretary of State may by regulations prescribe the date by which a list under this section must be published by the OfS.

12 Mandatory access and participation plan condition for certain institutions _I16

(1) This section applies where—

(a) a fee limit condition will be or is one of the ongoing registration conditions of an institution, and

(b) the governing body of the institution requests the imposition of an access and participation plan condition in order to access the higher fee limits available in respect of the fee limit condition for institutions who have such a plan.

(2) An access and participation plan condition—

(a) may be an initial registration condition that is applicable to the institution, and

(b) must be one of its ongoing registration conditions.

(3) In this Part, “ an access and participation plan condition ”, in relation to an institution, means a condition requiring that—

(a) there is an access and participation plan in relation to the institution which—

(i) has been approved by the OfS under section 29 (power to approve an access and participation plan), and

(ii) is in force, and

(b) the governing body of the institution complies with the general provisions of that plan (within the meaning of section 32).

(4) A governing body of an institution is not to be regarded as having failed to comply with the requirement mentioned in subsection (3)(b) by reason of its failure to comply with a general provision of the plan if it shows that it has taken all reasonable steps to comply with the provision.

Other registration conditions

13 Other initial and ongoing registration conditions _I17_,_I18_,_I19

(1) The initial or ongoing registration conditions may, in particular, include—

(a) a condition relating to the quality of, or the standards applied to, the higher education provided by the provider (including requiring the quality to be of a particular level or particular standards to be applied);

(b) a public interest governance condition (see section 14);

(c) a condition relating to the provider having a student protection plan which has the OfS's approval (including requiring the provider to have such a plan and to publish it);

(d) a condition requiring the payment of a fee charged under section 70(1) (initial fee and annual fee for ongoing registration);

(e) a condition requiring the payment of a fee charged under section 28 or 67 (fees charged by designated bodies) or section 71(1) (other fees charged by the OfS);

(f) a condition requiring the governing body of the provider to take such steps as the OfS considers appropriate for facilitating cooperation between the provider and one or more electoral registration officers in England for the purpose of enabling the electoral registration of students who are on higher education courses provided by the provider.

(2) Where there are one or more sector-recognised standards, the condition mentioned in subsection (1)(a), so far as relating to standards—

(a) may relate only to the standards applied in respect of matters for which there are sector-recognised standards, and

(b) may require the application of sector-recognised standards only in respect of those matters.

(3) In this Part, “ sector-recognised standards ” means standards that apply to higher education and accord with guidance which—

(a) is determined by persons representing a broad range of registered higher education providers, and

(b) commands the confidence of registered higher education providers.

(4) For the purposes of subsection (1)(c), “a student protection plan” is a plan for the protection of students if an event specified by the OfS were to occur (for example, the closure of a course).

(5) For the purposes of subsection (1)(f)—

“ electoral registration officer in England ” means a registration officer appointed under section 8(2) of the Representation of the People Act 1983;
“ the electoral registration of students ” means the registration of students on a register of electors maintained by such an officer under section 9 of that Act.

14 Public interest governance condition _I20

(1) For the purposes of section 13(1)(b), “ a public interest governance condition ” in relation to a provider means a condition requiring the provider's governing documents to be consistent with the principles in the list published under this section, so far as applicable to the provider.

(2) The OfS must determine and publish a list of principles applicable to the governance of English higher education providers.

(3) The principles must be those that the OfS considers will help to ensure that English higher education providers perform their functions in the public interest.

(4) The list may include different principles for different descriptions of English higher education providers.

(5) The OfS may revise the list.

(6) If the OfS revises the list, it must publish it as revised.

(7) The list (as originally determined and as revised) must include the principle that academic staff at an English higher education provider have freedom within the law—

(a) to question and test received wisdom, and

(b) to put forward new ideas and controversial or unpopular opinions,

without placing themselves in jeopardy of losing their jobs or privileges they may have at the provider.

(8) Before determining or revising the list, the OfS must consult—

(a) bodies representing the interests of English higher education providers which appear to the OfS to be concerned,

(b) the Secretary of State, and

Enforcement of ongoing registration conditions

15 Power to impose monetary penalties _I21

(1) The OfS may impose a monetary penalty on a registered higher education provider if it appears to the OfS that there is or has been a breach of one of its ongoing registration conditions.

(2) A “monetary penalty” is a requirement to pay the OfS a penalty of an amount determined by the OfS in accordance with regulations made by the Secretary of State.

(3) The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision about matters to which the OfS must, or must not, have regard in exercising its power under subsection (1).

(4) Schedule 3 contains provision about—

(a) the procedure for imposing a monetary penalty,

(b) rights of appeal,

(d) the retention of sums received.

16 Suspension of registration _I22

(1) The OfS may suspend a registered higher education provider's registration if it appears to the OfS that there is or has been a breach of one of its ongoing registration conditions.

(2) Where a provider's registration is suspended, the OfS—

(a) must specify the purposes for which the provider is not to be treated as a registered higher education provider during the suspension (“the excepted purposes”), and

(b) may impose conditions on the governing body of the provider which, if satisfied, will result in the OfS lifting the suspension (“the remedial conditions”).

(3) During the suspension of a provider's registration—

(a) the provider is treated as a registered higher education provider for all purposes other than the excepted purposes, and

(b) the provider's entry in the register remains but must specify—

(i) that the registration is suspended, and

(ii) the excepted purposes.

(4) The suspension of a provider's registration ends—

(a) when the suspension is lifted by the OfS because the remedial conditions have been satisfied or for any other reason, or

(b) if earlier, when the provider is removed from the register under section 18 (de-registration by the OfS) or section 22 (voluntary de-registration).

(5) The OfS may vary the excepted purposes or the remedial conditions at any time during the suspension.

(6) Where it decides to vary the excepted purposes or the remedial conditions, the OfS must notify the governing body of the provider of its decision.

(7) The notice must specify the excepted purposes, or remedial conditions, as varied.

(8) Where the excepted purposes are varied, the OfS must update the provider's entry in the register with the excepted purposes (as varied).

(9) Where the suspension of a provider's registration ends otherwise than when the provider is removed from the register, the OfS must enter the date on which it ends in the provider's entry in the register.

17 Suspension: procedure _I23

(1) Before suspending a registered higher education provider's registration under section 16, the OfS must notify the governing body of the provider of its intention to do so.

(2) The notice must—

(a) specify the OfS's reasons for proposing to suspend the registration,

(b) specify the proposed excepted purposes and the proposed remedial conditions (if any),

(c) specify the period during which the governing body of the provider may make representations about the proposal (“ the specified period ”), and

(d) specify the way in which those representations may be made.

(3) The specified period must not be less than 28 days beginning with the date on which the notice is received.

(4) The OfS must have regard to any representations made by the governing body of the provider during the specified period in deciding whether to suspend its registration.

(5) Having decided whether or not to suspend the provider's registration, the OfS must notify the governing body of the provider of its decision.

(6) Where the decision is to suspend the provider's registration, the notice must—

(a) specify the date on which the suspension takes effect,

(b) specify the excepted purposes,

(d) contain information as to the grounds for the suspension.

(7) The OfS may vary the date specified under subsection (6)(a) at any time before that date by notifying the governing body of the provider.

(8) Subsections (1) to (7) do not apply where the OfS considers that a suspension should take effect immediately because there is an urgent need to protect public money, including, in particular, payments made under—

(a) section 39 or 40 (financial support for providers),

(b) section 93 in the exercise of UKRI's power under that section to give financial support, or

(9) In such a case—

(a) the OfS must notify the governing body of the provider of its decision to suspend the provider's registration, and

(b) that notice must comply with the requirements of subsection (6).

18 De-registration by the OfS _I24_,_I25

(1) The OfS must remove a registered higher education provider from the register if the OfS becomes aware that the provider no longer is, or intends to become, an English higher education provider.

(2) The OfS may remove a registered higher education provider from the register if condition A or B is satisfied.

(3) Condition A is satisfied if—

(a) the OfS has previously exercised its powers under section 15 (monetary penalties) or section 16 (suspension) in relation to breach of one of the provider's ongoing registration conditions, and

(b) it appears to the OfS that—

(i) there is again a breach, or a continuing breach, of that condition, or

(ii) there is or has been a breach of a different one of the provider's ongoing registration conditions.

(4) Condition B is satisfied if it appears to the OfS that—

(a) there is or has been a breach of one of the provider's ongoing registration conditions, and

(b) its powers under sections 15 and 16 are insufficient to deal with the breach (whether or not they have been, are being or are to be, exercised in relation to it).

(5) The OfS may make transitional or saving provision in connection with the removal of a provider from the register under this section.

(6) That provision may include treating the provider as a registered higher education provider for such purposes as the OfS may specify.

(7) The OfS must—

(a) maintain a list of providers removed from the register under this section,

(b) include in that list the details of any provision made under subsection (5), and

19 De-registration by the OfS: procedure _I26

(1) Before removing a registered higher education provider from the register under section 18, the OfS must notify the governing body of the provider of its intention to do so.

(2) The notice must—

(a) specify the OfS's reasons for proposing to remove the provider from the register,

(b) specify the period during which the governing body of the provider may make representations about the proposal (“ the specified period ”), and

(3) The specified period must not be less than 28 days beginning with the date on which the notice is received.

(4) The OfS must have regard to any representations made by the governing body of the provider during the specified period in deciding whether to remove it from the register.

(5) Having decided whether or not to remove the provider from the register, the OfS must notify the governing body of the provider of its decision.

(6) Where the decision is to remove the provider from the register, the notice must specify the date on which the removal takes effect.

(7) The notice must also contain information as to—

(a) the grounds for the removal,

(b) rights of appeal, and

(8) A removal under section 18 may not take effect at any time when—

(a) an appeal under section 20(1)(a) or (b), or a further appeal, could be brought in respect of the decision to remove, or

(b) such an appeal is pending.

(9) But that does not prevent a removal taking effect if the governing body of the provider notifies the OfS that it does not intend to appeal.

(10) Where subsection (8) ceases to prevent a removal taking effect on the date specified under subsection (6), the OfS is to determine a future date on which the removal takes effect.

(11) But that is subject to what has been determined on any appeal under section 20(1)(a) or (b), or any further appeal, in respect of the decision to remove.

20 De-registration: appeals _I27

(1) The governing body of an institution may appeal to the First-tier Tribunal against either or both of the following—

(a) a decision of the OfS to remove it from the register under section 18;

(b) a decision of the OfS as to the date specified under section 19(6) as the date on which the removal takes effect.

(2) An appeal may be on the grounds—

(a) that the decision was based on an error of fact;

(b) that the decision was wrong in law;

(3) On an appeal, the Tribunal may—

(a) withdraw the removal;

(b) confirm the removal;

(d) remit the decision whether to confirm the removal, or any matter relating to that decision (including the date on which the removal takes effect), to the OfS.

21 Refusal to renew an access and participation plan _I28

(1) This section applies where—

(a) an access and participation plan condition is one of the ongoing registration conditions of a registered higher education provider, and

(b) it appears to the OfS that there is or has been a failure by the governing body of the provider to comply with—

(i) the requirement of that condition mentioned in section 12(3)(b) (failure to comply with general provisions of an access and participation plan), or

(ii) a fee limit condition which is one of its ongoing registration conditions.

(2) The OfS may notify the governing body of the provider that, on the expiry of the access and participation plan in relation to the provider which is currently in force, it will refuse to approve a new plan under section 29 during such period as the OfS may specify in the notice.

(3) The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision about—

(a) matters to which the OfS must, or must not, have regard in exercising its powers under subsection (2);

(b) the procedure to be followed in connection with the giving of notification under subsection (2);

(4) The regulations must include provision—

(a) requiring any decision of the OfS under subsection (2) affecting the governing body of a provider to have effect in the first instance as a provisional decision,

(b) enabling the governing body to apply for a review of the provisional decision to a person, or panel of persons, appointed by the Secretary of State in accordance with the regulations,

(d) prescribing the grounds on which an application for the review of a provisional decision may be made, and

(e) requiring the OfS to reconsider its provisional decision, and make a final decision, having regard to any recommendation of the person or panel.

(5) The OfS's powers in sections 15 to 19 (penalties, suspension and de-registration) are also available in the event of the breach of a condition described in subsection (1)(b).

Voluntary de-registration

22 Voluntary de-registration _I29

(1) The OfS must remove a registered higher education provider from the register if—

(a) the governing body of the provider applies to the OfS for the provider to be removed from the register, and

(b) the application complies with any requirements imposed under subsection (2).

(2) The OfS may determine—

(a) the form of an application under subsection (1),

(b) the information to be contained in it or provided with it, and

(3) The OfS must notify the governing body of the provider of the date on which the provider is removed from the register (“the removal date”).

(4) The OfS may vary the removal date at any time before that date by notifying the governing body of the provider.

(5) The OfS may make transitional or saving provision in connection with the removal of a provider from the register under this section.

(6) That provision may include treating the provider as a registered higher education provider for such purposes as the OfS may specify.

(7) The OfS must—

(a) maintain a list of providers removed from the register under this section,

(b) include in that list the details of any provision made under subsection (5), and

Quality and standards

23 Assessing the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education _I30_,_I31

(1) The OfS may assess, or make arrangements for the assessment of, the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education provided by English higher education providers.

(2) But the OfS must assess, or make arrangements for the assessment of, the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education provided by—

(a) institutions who have applied to be registered in the register for the purposes of determining whether they satisfy any initial registration condition applicable to them relating to the quality of, or the standards applied to, higher education provided by them (see section 13(1)(a)), and

(b) registered higher education providers for the purposes of determining whether they satisfy any ongoing registration condition of theirs relating to the quality of, or the standards applied to, higher education provided by them (see section 13(1)(a)).

(3) Where there are one or more sector-recognised standards, an assessment under this section of the standards applied—

(a) must relate only to the standards applied in respect of matters for which there are sector-recognised standards, and

(b) must assess those standards against sector-recognised standards only.

[^F1 (4) The factors that may be taken into account for the purposes of an assessment, under subsection (2)(a) or (b), of the quality of higher education provided by an institution include the student outcomes of the institution.

(5) The student outcomes of an institution may be measured by any means (whether qualitative or quantitative) that the OfS considers appropriate, including by reference to the extent to which—

(a) persons who undertake a higher education course with the institution continue to undertake that course, or another course at the same or a similar level, after a period of time,

(b) persons who undertake a higher education course with the institution are granted an award of a particular description by that institution,

(d) persons who are granted an award by the institution find employment of a particular description by virtue of that award.

(6) The OfS may, from time to time, determine and publish a minimum level in relation to a measure of student outcomes which all institutions to whom the measure is applicable are expected to meet.

(7) The OfS is not required to determine and publish different minimum levels in relation to a measure of student outcomes in order to reflect differences in—

(a) particular student characteristics;

(b) the particular institution or type of institution which is providing higher education;

(d) any other such factor.

(8) In taking into account the student outcomes of an institution as mentioned in subsection (4), account may be taken of whether the institution has met any minimum level determined and published under subsection (6) which is applicable to the institution.

(9) In this section—

“ award ” means a taught award or research award (see section 42);
“ student outcomes ”, in relation to an institution, means outcomes for persons to whom the institution provides or has provided higher education or has granted an award. ^F1]

24 Quality Assessment Committee _I32

(1) The OfS must establish a committee called the “Quality Assessment Committee”.

(2) The Committee has—

(a) the function of giving the OfS advice on the exercise of its functions under section 23, and

(b) such other functions that the OfS may confer on it.

(3) While a body is designated under Schedule 4 to perform the OfS's functions under section 23, the Committee also has the function of giving to the OfS advice on the exercise by the designated body of those functions.

(4) The majority of the members of the Committee must be individuals who appear to the OfS to have experience of providing higher education on behalf of an English higher education provider or being responsible for the provision of higher education by such a provider.

(5) In appointing members of the Committee who meet those criteria, the OfS must have regard to the desirability of their being currently engaged at the time of their appointment in the provision of higher education or in being responsible for such provision.

(6) The majority of the members of the Committee must be individuals who are not members of the OfS.

(7) Schedule 1 applies to the Quality Assessment Committee as it applies to committees established under paragraph 8 of that Schedule.

25 Rating the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education _I33

(1) The OfS may make arrangements for a scheme to give ratings—

(a) to English higher education providers regarding the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education that they provide where they apply for such a rating, and

(b) to higher education providers in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland, in respect of whom the appropriate consent is given, regarding the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education that they provide where they apply for such a rating.

(2) “ The appropriate consent ” means—

(a) in the case of a higher education provider in Wales, the consent of the Welsh Ministers to the application of subsection (1) to the provider;

(b) in the case of a higher education provider in Scotland, the consent of the Scottish Ministers to the application of subsection (1) to the provider;

(c) in the case of a higher education provider in Northern Ireland, the consent of the Department for the Economy in Northern Ireland to the application of subsection (1) to the provider.

(3) Such consent—

(a) may be given either generally in respect of all providers or in respect of providers of a particular description or named providers,

(b) is given by notifying the chair of the OfS, and

(4) For the purposes of applying the definition of “higher education provider” in section 83(1) to subsections (1)(b) and (2), the reference to “higher education” in that definition—

(a) in the case of an institution in Wales, has the meaning given in section 83(1);

(b) in the case of an institution in Scotland, has the same meaning as in section 38 of the Further and Higher Education (Scotland) Act 1992;

(c) in the case of an institution in Northern Ireland, has the same meaning as in Article 2(2) of the Further Education (Northern Ireland) Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/1772 (N.I. 15));

and the reference to “higher education” in subsection (1)(b) is to be read accordingly.

26 Report on operation of section 25 schemes _I34

(1) Before the end of the initial period, the Secretary of State must appoint a suitableindependent person for the purpose of preparing a report under this section.

(2) A person is “ independent ” for this purpose if the person—

(a) is not, and has never been, a member or employee of the OfS, and

(b) is not a servant or agent of the Crown.

(3) A person is “ suitable ” for this purpose if the person—

(a) has experience of providing higher education on behalf of, or being responsible for the provision of higher education by, a higher education provider, and

(b) appears to the Secretary of State to be a person who would command the confidence of registered higher education providers.

(4) As soon as possible after the end of the initial period, the appointed person—

(a) must prepare a report about the operation during that period of the section 25 scheme or schemes which were in operation for the whole or a part of that period, and

(b) must send the report to the Secretary of State.

(5) The report must cover the following in the case of each scheme—

(a) the process by which ratings are determined under the scheme and the sources of statistical information used in that process,

(b) whether that process, and those sources of statistical information, are fit for use for the purpose of determining ratings under the scheme,

(d) the impact of the scheme on the ability of higher education providers to which the scheme applies to carry out their functions (including in particular their functions relating to teaching and research),

(e) an assessment of whether the scheme is in the public interest, and

(f) any other matters that the appointed person considers relevant.

(6) The Secretary of State must lay the report before Parliament.

(7) In this section—

“ the initial period ” means the period of one year beginning with the date on which section 25 comes into force;
“ section 25 scheme ” means a scheme to give ratings in accordance with arrangements made under that section.

27 Performance of assessment functions by a designated body _I35

(1) In Schedule 4—

(a) Part 1 makes provision about the designation of a body to perform the assessment functions, and

(b) Part 2 makes provision about oversight of the designated body by the OfS.

(2) “The assessment functions” are—

(a) the functions of the OfS under section 23 (assessing the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education), and

(b) the functions of the relevant body under section 46 (advice on quality etc to the OfS when granting degree awarding powers etc).

(3) Where a body has been designated under Schedule 4 to perform the assessment functions, the functions under section 23—

(a) so far as they relate to the assessment of the standards applied to higher education provided by a provider, cease to be exercisable by the OfS, and

(b) otherwise do not cease to be exercisable by the OfS.

(4) The OfS may by notice require a body for the time being designated under Schedule 4 (a “designated body”) to provide the OfS with information which is held by the designated body for the purposes of the performance of any of the assessment functions.

(5) The OfS may give a notice under subsection (4) only in respect of information which is required by the OfS for the purposes of the performance of any of its functions.

(6) A notice under subsection (4) may require the information to be provided—

(a) by a time specified in the notice, and

(b) in a form and manner specified in the notice.

(7) If a designated body fails to comply with a notice under subsection (4) and does not satisfy the OfS that it is unable to provide the information, the OfS may enforce the duty to comply with the notice in civil proceedings for an injunction.

28 Power of designated body to charge fees _I36

(1) In this section “ designated body ” means a body for the time being designated under Schedule 4.

(2) A designated body may—

(a) charge an institution a fee for any activity undertaken, or service provided, by the body in the performance by it of functions under section 23(1) (power to assess quality and standards), or section 46 (advice on quality etc to the OfS when granting degree awarding powers etc), in relation to the institution,

(b) charge an institution a fee for any activity undertaken, or service provided, by the body in the performance by it of functions under section 23(2)(a) (duty to assess to determine if initial registration condition relating to quality or standards is met) in relation to the institution, and

(c) charge an annual fee to any registered higher education provider in respect of costs incurred, or to be incurred, by the body in the performance by the body of functions under section 23(2)(b) (duty to assess to determine if ongoing registration condition relating to quality or standards is met).

(3) The amount of a fee payable under subsection (2)(a) by an institution may be calculated by reference to costs incurred by the designated body in the performance by the body of functions under section 23(1) or 46 in relation to a different institution or of its general functions.

(4) The total fees payable under subsection (2)(a) must not exceed in any period of 12 months the total costs incurred by the body in that period in the performance by the body of its functions under sections 23(1) and 46 and of its general functions.

(5) The amount of a fee payable under subsection (2)(b) by an institution may be calculated by reference to costs incurred by the designated body in the performance by the body of functions under section 23(2)(a) in relation to a different institution or of its general functions.

(6) The total fees payable under subsection (2)(b) must not exceed in any period of 12 months the total costs incurred by the body in that period in the performance by the body of its functions under section 23(2)(a) and of its general functions.

(7) The amount of a fee payable under subsection (2)(c) may be calculated by reference to costs incurred, or to be incurred, by the body in the performance by the body of functions under section 23(2)(b) which are unconnected with the provider or of its general functions.

(8) The total fees payable under subsection (2)(c) in any period of 12 months must not exceed the total costs incurred by the body in that period in the performance by the body of its functions under section 23(2)(b) and of its general functions.

(9) A designated body must publish—

(a) a statement of the amount of the fees which it charges under this section and the basis on which they are calculated, and

(b) revised statements where the amount of the fees or the basis on which they are calculated changes.

(10) In this section references to the general functions of a designated body are to its functions under section 27(4) or paragraph 8(1) of Schedule 4 (duty to provide information and an annual report).

Access and participation

29 Power to approve an access and participation plan _I37_,_I38_,_I39_,_I40

(1) The governing body of an institution may apply to the OfS for the OfS's approval of a proposed access and participation plan relating to the institution for the purposes of satisfying an access and participation plan condition.

(2) An access and participation plan is a plan that complies with sections 30 to 32.

(3) The OfS may, if it thinks fit, approve the plan.

(4) The OfS may issue guidance as to the matters to which the OfS will have regard in deciding whether to approve plans.

(5) The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision about the procedure to be followed in connection with the giving of approval under this section.

(6) The regulations may, in particular, specify matters to which the OfS is, or is not, to have regard in making any determination relating to approval.

(7) The regulations may require the institution to which any plan approved under this section relates to publish the plan in the manner prescribed by the regulations.

30 Duration of a plan _I41_,_I42

(1) An access and participation plan must specify the period during which it is to be in force.

(2) The length of that period must not exceed such maximum as may be prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State.

(3) Subsections (1) and (2) do not prevent the approval of a new plan taking effect on the expiry of a previous plan.

31 Content of a plan: fees _I43_,_I44

(1) An access and participation plan relating to an institution must, in relation to each qualifying course in connection with which fees are to be payable to the institution by qualifying persons and in respect of each relevant academic year, specify or provide for the determination of a limit which those fees are not permitted to exceed.

(2) The limit must not exceed—

(a) the higher amount, if the institution has a high level quality rating at the time the plan is approved, or

(b) in any other case, the sub-level amount.

(3) In this section—

“ the sub-level amount ” means the amount determined from time to time under paragraph 2 of Schedule 2 as the sub-level amount;
“ high level quality rating ” has the same meaning as in that paragraph;
“ the higher amount ” means the amount from time to time prescribed as the higher amount under that paragraph;
“ qualifying course ” and “ qualifying person ” have the same meaning as in section 10;
“ relevant academic year ”, in relation to a qualifying course, is an academic year—
(a)
which is applicable to the course,
(b)
in respect of which fees are payable to the institution, and
(c)
which begins when the plan comes into force or while it is in force.

32 Content of a plan: equality of opportunity _I45_,_I46

(1) An access and participation plan relating to an institution—

(a) must also include such provisions relating to the promotion of equality of opportunity as are required by regulations made by the Secretary of State to be included in the plan, and

(b) may also include further provisions relating to the promotion of equality of opportunity.

(2) In this section, any reference to the “ general provisions ” of an access and participation plan is a reference to the provisions included in the plan by virtue of subsection (1).

(3) The general provisions that may be required by regulations made under subsection (1) include, in particular, provisions—

(a) requiring the governing body of the institution to take, or secure the taking of, measures to attract applications from prospective students who are members of groups which, at the time when the plan is approved, are under-represented in higher education,

(b) requiring the governing body of the institution to provide, or secure the provision of, financial assistance to students,

(c) requiring the governing body of the institution to make available to students and prospective students information about financial assistance available to students from any source,

(d) setting out objectives relating to the promotion of equality of opportunity,

(e) relating to the monitoring by the governing body of the institution of—

(i) its compliance with the provisions of the plan, and

(ii) its progress in achieving any objectives set out in the plan by virtue of paragraph (d), and

(f) requiring the provision of information to the OfS.

(4) Regulations under subsection (1) may not require a plan—

(a) to include among the general provisions of the plan any provision referring to particular courses or to the manner in which courses are taught, supervised or assessed, or

(b) to include any provision relating to the criteria for the admission of students.

(5) In this section—

(a) “ equality of opportunity ” means equality of opportunity in connection with access to and participation in higher education provided by English higher education providers, and

(b) references to higher education do not include education provided by means of any postgraduate course other than a course of initial teacher training.

33 Variation of a plan _I47

(1) The Secretary of State may, by regulations, make provision enabling an access and participation plan which has been approved by the OfS under section 29 to be varied.

(2) The regulations must provide for a variation to take effect only if approved by the OfS.

34 Review of decisions on approval or variation _I48

Regulations made by virtue of section 29 or 33 must include provision—

(a) requiring any decision of the OfS under section 29 or 33 affecting the governing body of an institution to have effect in the first instance as a provisional decision,

(b) enabling the governing body to apply for a review of the provisional decision to a person, or panel of persons, appointed by the Secretary of State in accordance with the regulations,

(d) prescribing the grounds on which an application for the review of a provisional decision may be made, and

(e) requiring the OfS to reconsider its provisional decision, and make a final decision, having regard to any recommendation of the person or panel.

35 Advice on good practice _I49

(1) The OfS may—

(a) identify good practice relating to the promotion of equality of opportunity, and

(b) give advice about such practice to registered higher education providers.

(2) “ Equality of opportunity ” has the same meaning as in section 32.

36 Duty to protect academic freedom _I50_,_I51

(1) In performing its access and participation functions, the OfS has a duty to protect academic freedom including, in particular, the freedom of institutions—

(a) to determine the content of particular courses and the manner in which they are taught, supervised and assessed,

(b) to determine the criteria for the selection, appointment and dismissal of academic staff and apply those criteria in particular cases, and

(2) In performing those functions, subsection (1) applies instead of section 2(1)(a) (duty of OfS to have regard to the need to protect institutional autonomy) in relation to the freedoms mentioned in subsection (8)(b) and (c) of that section.

(3) For the purposes of this section, the OfS's “access and participation functions” are the functions conferred on it by or under—

(a) section 21 (refusal to renew an access and participation plan), and

(b) sections 29 to 34 (access and participation plans).

37 Power of Secretary of State to require a report _I52

(1) The Secretary of State may, by direction, require the OfS to report to the Secretary of State—

(a) in its annual report under paragraph 13 of Schedule 1, or

(b) in a special report,

on such matters relating to equality of opportunity as may be specified in the direction.

(2) “ Equality of opportunity ” has the same meaning as in section 32.

(3) Where the Secretary of State is provided with a special report, the Secretary of State must lay it before Parliament.

(4) See paragraph 13 of Schedule 1 for the laying of the OfS's annual reports.

Student transfers

38 Duty to monitor etc the provision of arrangements for student transfers _I53

(1) The OfS—

(a) must monitor the availability of schemes or other arrangements provided by registered higher education providers for student transfers,

(b) must monitor the extent to which the arrangements monitored under paragraph (a) are utilised by students generally or students of a particular description,

(c) must include in its annual report a summary of conclusions drawn by it, for the financial year to which the report relates, from its monitoring under paragraphs (a) and (b), and

(d) may facilitate, encourage, or promote awareness of, the provision of arrangements by registered higher education providers for student transfers.

(2) For the purposes of this section, “a student transfer” is where—

(a) a student transfers from a higher education course (“course X”) provided by a UK higher education provider (“the transferring provider”) to a different higher education course (“course Y”) provided by the same or a different UK higher education provider (“the receiving provider”),

(b) the receiving provider recognises, or takes account of, the study undertaken, or a level of achievement attained, by the student—

(i) on course X, or

(ii) on another higher education course provided by the transferring provider,

when the receiving provider is determining the study to be undertaken, or the level of achievement attained, by the student on course Y, and

(c) either the transferring provider or the receiving provider is a registered higher education provider, or both are registered higher education providers.

(3) For the purposes of subsection (2), there may be an interval between the student ceasing to undertake course X and starting to undertake course Y.

(4) The duty under subsection (1)(a) may be discharged by the OfS monitoring, as described in that provision—

(a) arrangements for student transfers provided by all registered higher education providers or a particular description of such provider;

(b) all such arrangements for student transfers or a particular description of such arrangement or student transfer.

(5) In this section—

“ annual report ” means the annual report under paragraph 13 of Schedule 1;
“ financial year ” has the same meaning as in that Schedule (see paragraph 12(6));
“higher education course”—
(a)
in the case of a provider in England or Wales, has the meaning given in section 83(1);
(b)
in the case of a provider in Scotland, means a course falling within section 38 of the Further and Higher Education (Scotland) Act 1992;
(c)
in the case of a provider in Northern Ireland, means a course of any description mentioned in Schedule 1 to the Further Education (Northern Ireland) Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/1772 (N.I. 15));
“ UK higher education provider ” means an English higher education provider or a higher education provider in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.

(6) For the purposes of applying the definition of “higher education provider” in section 83(1) to the reference in the definition of “UK higher education provider” in subsection (5) to a higher education provider in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland, the reference to “higher education” in the definition of “higher education provider” in section 83(1)—

(a) in the case of an institution in Wales, has the meaning given in section 83(1);

(b) in the case of an institution in Scotland, has the same meaning as in section 38 of the Further and Higher Education (Scotland) Act 1992;

(c) in the case of an institution in Northern Ireland, has the same meaning as in Article 2(2) of the Further Education (Northern Ireland) Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/1772 (N.I. 15)).

Powers to give financial support

39 Financial support for registered higher education providers _I54

(1) The OfS may make grants, loans or other payments to the governing body of an eligible higher education provider in respect of expenditure incurred, or to be incurred, by the provider or a qualifying connected institution, for the purposes of either or both of the following—

(a) the provision of education by the provider;

(b) the provision of facilities, and the carrying on of other activities, by the provider, which its governing body considers it is necessary or desirable to provide or carry on for the purposes of, or in connection with, education.

(2) The OfS may make grants, loans or other payments to any person in respect of expenditure incurred, or to be incurred, by the person for the purposes of the provision by any person of services for the purposes of, or in connection with, the provision of education by eligible higher education providers receiving financial support under subsection (1).

(3) “ Eligible higher education provider ” means a registered higher education provider of a description prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State for the purposes of subsection (1).

(4) “ Qualifying connected institution ”, in relation to an eligible higher education provider, means a college, school, hall or other institution—

(a) to which the provider's governing body proposes to pay, with the consent of the OfS, all or some of the payments made to it under subsection (1), and

(b) which the OfS is satisfied has a sufficient connection with the provider for the purposes of that subsection.

(5) “ School ” has the same meaning as in the Education Act 1996 (see section 4 of that Act) but also includes a 16 to 19 Academy (as defined in section 1B(3) of the Academies Act 2010).

(6) See section 41 regarding the terms and conditions of financial support under this section.

40 Financial support for certain institutions _I55

(1) The OfS may make grants, loans or other payments to any person in respect of expenditure incurred, or to be incurred, by the person for the purposes of the provision of eligible higher education courses by—

(a) institutions in England maintained or assisted by local authorities in England or Wales, or

(b) English further education providers.

(2) “ Eligible higher education course ” means a higher education course prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State for the purposes of subsection (1).

(3) In subsection (1)(a)—

(a) an institution “assisted” by a local authority has the same meaning as in the Education Act 1996 (see section 579(5) to (7) of that Act), and

(b) the reference to a local authority in England or Wales has the same meaning as in that Act (see section 579(1) of that Act).

(4) See section 41 regarding the terms and conditions of financial support under this section.

41 Financial support: terms and conditions _I56

(1) A grant, loan or other payment under section 39 or 40 may be made on such terms and conditions as the OfS considers appropriate.

(2) The terms and conditions may, in particular—

(a) enable the OfS to require the repayment, in whole or in part, of sums paid by the OfS if any of the terms and conditions subject to which the sums were paid is not complied with,

(b) require the payment of interest in respect of any period during which a sum due to the OfS in accordance with any of the terms and conditions remains unpaid, and

(c) require a person to whom sums are paid by the OfS to provide the OfS with any information it requests for the purpose of the exercise of any of its functions.

(3) But the terms and conditions must not relate to the application of sums which are not derived from the OfS by the provider or any other person to whom the grant, loan or other payment is made.

(4) Before determining the terms and conditions to be imposed on a grant, loan or other payment, the OfS must consult such persons as it considers appropriate.

Powers to grant degrees etc

42 Authorisation to grant degrees etc _I57_,_I58_,_I59

(1) The OfS may by order authorise a registered higher education provider to grant taught awards or research awards or both.

(2) An authorisation under subsection (1) may authorise a provider to grant, as the case may be—

(a) taught awards or research awards of any description;

(b) specifiedtaught awards or research awards;

(3) In this Part—

“ taught award ” means a degree (including a foundation degree), diploma, certificate or other academic award or distinction granted to persons who complete an appropriate course of study and satisfy an appropriate assessment;
“ research award ” means a degree, diploma, certificate or other academic award or distinction granted to persons who complete an appropriate programme of supervised research and satisfy an appropriate assessment;
“ foundation degree ” means a foundation degree granted to persons who complete an appropriate course of study and satisfy an appropriate assessment;
“ foundation degree only authorisation ” means authorisation under subsection (1) to grant taught awards where foundation degrees are the only degrees which the provider is authorised to grant.

(4) An order under subsection (1) which would give a provider foundation degree only authorisation may be made only if—

(a) the provider is an English further education provider,

(b) the provider gives the OfS a progression statement, and

(5) A “progression statement” is a statement setting out what the provider proposes to do as regards making arrangements for securing that any person granted a foundation degree in pursuance of the authorisation (other than by virtue of section 43(2)(c) or (d) (honorary and staff degrees)) has an opportunity to progress to one or more particular courses of more advanced study.

(6) An authorisation under subsection (1) must specify—

(a) the date when it takes effect, and

(b) the period during which it has effect (which may be an indefinite period).

(7) A provider authorised under subsection (1) has power to grant the authorisedtaught awards or research awards (as the case may be) to persons who complete the appropriate course of study, or programme of supervised research, on or after the date the authorisation takes effect.

(8) It is for the provider to determine, in accordance with any relevant provisions of the instruments relating to or regulating the provider—

(a) the courses of study or programmes of supervised research, and the assessments, which are appropriate for the grant of an authorisedtaught award or research award, and

(b) the terms and conditions on which any of the powers conferred by the authorisation may be exercised.

(9) An authorisation under subsection (1) may restrict the power to grant an authorisedtaught award or research award to persons enrolled with the provider at the time they complete the course of study, or programme of supervised research, for which the award is granted.

(10) The OfS's power to make an order under subsection (1) is exercisable by statutory instrument; and the Statutory Instruments Act 1946 is to apply to such an instrument as if the order had been made by a Minister of the Crown.

(11) An order under subsection (1) may make incidental, supplementary, transitional or saving provision.

(12) In this section—

“ assessment ” includes examination and test;
“ authorised ” means authorised by the authorisation under subsection (1);
“ specified ” means specified in the order under subsection (1) giving the authorisation.

(13) See sections 43, 44 and 46 which make further provision about orders under subsection (1).

43 Supplementary powers with authorisation _I60

(1) An authorisation under section 42(1) may include power for the provider to authorise other institutions to grant on the provider's behalf—

(a) all the authorisedtaught awards and research awards, or

(b) such of those awards as are specified or are of a specified description.

(2) An authorisation under section 42(1) includes—

(a) power to grant the authorisedtaught awards or research awards, or such of those awards as are specified or are of a specified description, jointly with another institution,

(b) power to deprive a person of an authorisedtaught award or research award granted by or on behalf of the provider in pursuance of the authorisation,

(c) power to grant honorary degrees of any description, or specified honorary degrees, or honorary degrees of a specified description, and

(d) power to grant degrees of any description, or specified degrees, or degrees of a specified description, to members of the academic or other staff of the provider.

(3) But in the case of a foundation degree only authorisation, the references in subsection (2)(c) and (d) to degrees are to foundation degrees only.

(4) In the case of an authorisedtaught award or research award granted jointly with another institution, the power to deprive mentioned in subsection (2)(b) is only exercisable jointly with that institution.

(5) In this section, “ authorised ” and “ specified ” have the same meaning as in section 42.

44 Variation or revocation of section 42 authorisation _I61_,_I62_,_I63

(1) The OfS may, at any time, by a further order under section 42(1), vary or revoke an authorisation given by a previous order under that provision.

(2) That is the case even if the authorisation was given for an indefinite period.

(3) The OfS may make such an order revoking an authorisation given to a provider only if condition A, B or C is satisfied.

(4) Condition A is satisfied if the provider ceases to be a registered higher education provider.

(5) Condition B is satisfied if—

(a) the OfS has concerns regarding the quality of, or the standards applied to, higher education which has been or is being provided by the provider, and

(b) it appears to the OfS that those concerns are so serious that—

(i) its powers by a further order under section 42(1) to vary the authorisation are insufficient to deal with the concerns (whether or not they have been exercised in relation to the provider), and

(ii) it is appropriate to revoke the authorisation.

(6) Condition C is satisfied if—

(a) due to a change in circumstances since the authorisation was given, the OfS has concerns regarding the quality of, or the standards applied to, higher education which will be provided by the provider, and

(b) it appears to the OfS that those concerns are so serious that—

(i) its powers by a further order under section 42(1) to vary the authorisation are insufficient to deal with the concerns (whether or not they have been exercised in relation to the provider), and

(ii) it is appropriate to revoke the authorisation.

(7) Where there are one or more sector-recognised standards, for the purposes of subsections (5)(a) and (6)(a)—

(a) the OfS's concerns regarding the standards applied must be concerns regarding the standards applied in respect of matters for which there are sector-recognised standards, and

(b) those concerns must be regarding those standards as assessed against sector-recognised standards.

(8) See sections 46 and 48 which make further provision about further orders under section 42(1).

45 Variation or revocation of other authorisations to grant degrees etc _I64_,_I65_,_I66

(1) The OfS may by order vary or revoke an authorisation given to an English higher education provider—

(a) by or under an Act of Parliament, other than under section 42(1) of this Act, or

(b) by Royal Charter,

to grant taught awards or research awards.

(2) That is the case even if the authorisation was given for an indefinite period.

(3) An order under subsection (1) varying an authorisation may only make such provision as could be made by an order giving authorisation under section 42(1).

(4) When applying section 42(4) and (5) in the case of such an order, the reference in section 42(5) to a foundation degree granted other than by virtue of section 43(2)(c) or (d) (honorary and staff degrees) is to be read as a reference to a foundation degree granted other than by virtue of whatever is the equivalent of section 43(2)(c) or (d) in the case of the provider.

(5) The OfS may make an order under subsection (1) revoking an authorisation given to a provider only if condition A, B or C is satisfied.

(6) Condition A is satisfied if the provider is not a registered higher education provider.

(7) Condition B is satisfied if—

(a) the OfS has concerns regarding the quality of, or the standards applied to, higher education which has been or is being provided by the provider, and

(b) it appears to the OfS that those concerns are so serious that—

(i) its powers by an order under subsection (1) to vary the authorisation are insufficient to deal with the concerns (whether or not they have been exercised in relation to the provider), and

(ii) it is appropriate to revoke the authorisation.

(8) Condition C is satisfied if—

(b) it appears to the OfS that those concerns are so serious that—

(i) its powers by an order under subsection (1) to vary the authorisation are insufficient to deal with the concerns (whether or not they have been exercised in relation to the provider), and

(ii) it is appropriate to revoke the authorisation.

(9) Where there are one or more sector-recognised standards, for the purposes of subsections (7)(a) and (8)(a)—

(a) the OfS's concerns regarding the standards applied must be concerns regarding the standards applied in respect of matters for which there are sector-recognised standards, and

(b) those concerns must be regarding those standards as assessed against sector-recognised standards.

(11) An order under subsection (1) may make incidental, supplementary, transitional or saving provision.

(12) Any power to vary or revoke an authorisation mentioned in subsection (1), which is a power which exists immediately before the coming into force of this section, ceases to exist on that coming into force.

(13) See sections 46 and 48 which make further provision about orders under subsection (1).

46 Grant, variation or revocation of authorisation: advice on quality etc _I67_,_I68

(1) The OfS must request advice from the relevant body regarding the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education provided by a provider before making—

(a) an order under section 42(1) authorising the provider to grant taught awards or research awards,

(b) a further order under section 42(1)—

(i) varying an authorisation given to the provider by a previous order under section 42(1), or

(ii) revoking such an authorisation on the ground that condition B in section 44(5) is satisfied, or

(i) varying an authorisation given to the provider, as described in that provision, to grant taught awards or research awards, or

(ii) revoking such an authorisation on the ground that condition B in section 45(7) is satisfied.

(2) Where the OfS requests advice under subsection (1), the relevant body must provide it.

(3) The advice provided under subsection (2) must include the relevant body's view as to whether the provider has the ability—

(a) to provide, and maintain the provision of, higher education of an appropriate quality, and

(b) to apply, and maintain the application of, appropriate standards to that higher education.

(4) The advice provided by the relevant body under subsection (2) must be informed by the views of persons who (between them) have experience of—

(a) providing higher education on behalf of, or being responsible for the provision of higher education by—

(i) an English higher education provider which is neither authorised to grant taught awards nor authorised to grant research awards,

(ii) an English further education provider, and

(iii) an English higher education provider which is within neither sub-paragraph (i) nor sub-paragraph (ii),

(b) representing or promoting the interests of individual students, or students generally, on higher education courses provided by higher education providers,

(d) research into science, technology, humanities or new ideas, and

(e) encouraging competition in industry or another sector of society.

(5) Where the order authorises the provider to grant research awards or varies or revokes such an authorisation, the advice provided by the relevant body under subsection (2) must also be informed by the views of UKRI.

(6) Subsections (4) and (5) do not prevent the advice given by the relevant body under subsection (2) also being informed by the views of others.

(7) The OfS must have regard to advice provided to it by the relevant body under subsection (2) in deciding whether to make the order.

(8) But that does not prevent the OfS having regard to advice from others regarding quality or standards.

(9) Where the order varies or revokes an authorisation, the advice under subsection (1) may be requested before or after the governing body of the provider is notified under section 48 of the OfS's intention to make the order.

(10) Where there are one or more sector-recognised standards—

(a) for the purposes of subsections (1) and (8)—

(i) the advice regarding the standards applied must be advice regarding the standards applied in respect of matters for which there are sector-recognised standards, and

(ii) that advice must be regarding those standards as assessed against sector-recognised standards, and

(b) “appropriate standards” in subsection (3) means sector-recognised standards.

(11) In this section “ the relevant body ” means—

(a) the designated assessment body, or

(b) if there is no such body, a committee which the OfS must establish under paragraph 8 of Schedule 1 for the purpose of performing the functions of the relevant body under this section.

(12) Where the OfS is required to establish a committee for the purpose mentioned in subsection (11)(b)—

(a) the majority of members of the committee must be individuals who are not members of the OfS, and

(b) in appointing members of the committee, the OfS must have regard to the need for the advice provided by the committee to meet the requirements of subsections (4) and (where applicable) (5).

(13) In this section—

“ designated assessment body ” means a body for the time being designated under Schedule 4;
“ humanities ” and “ science ” have the same meaning as in Part 3 (see section 111).

47 Grant of authorisation: notification of new providers _I69

(1) The OfS must, as soon as possible after it has been made, notify the Secretary of State if it makes an order under section 42(1) authorising a provider to grant taught awards, where the provider has not previously operated under validation arrangements.

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), a provider has previously operated under validation arrangements if, at any time before the date when the order is made—

(a) a student at the provider has been granted a taught award by another provider or the OfS, under validation arrangements between the provider and the other provider or the OfS, or

(b) the provider has granted a taught award on behalf of another provider or the OfS, under validation arrangements between the provider and the other provider or the OfS.

(3) In this section “ validation arrangements ” means—

(a) arrangements between one English higher education provider and another English higher education provider under which the first provider—

(i) grants a taught award to a person who is a student at the other provider, or

(ii) authorises the other provider to grant a taught award on behalf of the first provider, or

(b) arrangements between the OfS and a registered higher education provider under which the OfS—

(i) grants a taught award to a person who is a student at the provider, or

(ii) authorises the provider to grant a taught award on behalf of the OfS.

48 Variation or revocation of authorisation: procedure _I70

(1) Before—

(a) making a further order under section 42(1) varying or revoking a provider's authorisation, or

(b) making an order under section 45(1) varying or revoking a provider's authorisation,

the OfS must notify the governing body of the provider of its intention to do so.

(2) The notice must—

(a) specify the OfS's reasons for proposing to take the step in question,

(b) specify the period during which the governing body may make representations about the proposal (“ the specified period ”), and

(3) The specified period must not be less than 28 days beginning with the date on which the notice is received.

(4) The OfS must have regard to any representations made by the governing body of the provider during the specified period in deciding whether to take the step in question.

(5) Having decided whether or not to take the step in question, the OfS must notify the governing body of the provider of its decision.

(6) If the OfS decides to vary or revoke a provider's authorisation, the notice of the decision must specify the date on which the variation or revocation takes effect under the order to be made under section 42(1) or 45(1).

(7) The notice must also contain information as to—

(a) the rights of appeal, and

(b) the period within which an appeal may be made.

(8) The order under section 42(1) or 45(1) implementing the decision to vary or revoke the authorisation may not be made, and the variation or revocation may not take effect, at any time when—

(a) an appeal under section 49(1)(a) or (b), or a further appeal, could be brought in respect of the decision to vary or revoke, or

(b) such an appeal is pending.

(9) But that does not prevent the order under section 42(1) or 45(1) being made, or the variation or revocation taking effect, if the governing body of the provider notifies the OfS that it does not intend to appeal.

(10) Where subsection (8) ceases to prevent a variation or revocation taking effect on the date specified under subsection (6), the OfS is to determine a future date on which the variation or revocation takes effect under the order to be made under section 42(1) or 45(1).

(11) But that is subject to what has been determined on any appeal under section 49(1)(a) or (b), or any further appeal, in respect of the decision to vary or revoke.

49 Appeals against variation or revocation of authorisation _I71

(1) The governing body of a provider may appeal to the First-tier Tribunal against either or both of the following—

(a) a decision of the OfS to vary or revoke, by a further order under section 42(1) or an order under section 45(1), an authorisation given to it;

(b) a decision of the OfS as to the date specified under section 48(6) as the date on which the variation or revocation takes effect.

(2) On an appeal under subsection (1)(a) against a decision to revoke an authorisation, the Tribunal—

(a) must consider afresh the decision appealed against, and

(b) may take into account evidence that was not available to the OfS.

(3) An appeal under subsection (1), other than an appeal against a decision to revoke an authorisation, may be on the grounds—

(a) that the decision was based on an error in fact;

(b) that the decision was wrong in law;

(4) On an appeal under subsection (1), the Tribunal may—

(a) withdraw the decision;

(b) confirm the decision;

(c) vary the date on which the variation or revocation takes effect under the order to be made under section 42(1) or 45(1);

(d) remit the decision whether to confirm the decision, or any matter relating to that decision (including the date on which the variation or revocation takes effect), to the OfS.

(5) In the case of an appeal under subsection (1)(a) against a decision to revoke an authorisation, the Tribunal also has power to substitute for the decision any other decision that the OfS could have made.

(6) An appeal under subsection (1)(a) against a decision to revoke an authorisation may include an appeal against the decision mentioned in subsection (1)(b) regarding the date when the revocation takes effect; and in the case of such an appeal, references in subsections (2), (4) and (5) to the decision appealed against are to be read accordingly.

50 Validation by authorised providers _I72

(1) The OfS may enter into arrangements (“commissioning arrangements”) with an authorisedregistered higher education provider requiring the provider to offer to enter into validation arrangements in respect of—

(a) all the taught awards that the provider is authorised to grant, or

(b) such of those taught awards as are specified in the commissioning arrangements or are of a description so specified.

(2) Commissioning arrangements may require a provider to offer to enter into validation arrangements subject to conditions specified by the OfS.

(3) Commissioning arrangements may not require a provider to offer to enter into validation arrangements that the provider is not authorised to enter into.

(4) In this section, “ validation arrangements ” means arrangements between one registered higher education provider and another registered higher education provider under which the first provider—

(a) grants a taught award to a person who is a student at the other provider, or

(b) authorises the other provider to grant a taught award on behalf of the first provider.

(5) In this section, “ authorised ”, in relation to a registered higher education provider, means authorised to grant taught awards, and to enter into validation arrangements, by—

(a) an authorisation given—

(i) under section 42(1),

(ii) by or under any other provision of an Act of Parliament, or

(iii) by Royal Charter, or

(b) an authorisation varied under section 45(1).

51 Validation by the OfS _I73

(1) If (having regard to advice from the OfS) the Secretary of State considers it necessary or expedient, the Secretary of State may by regulations—

(a) authorise the OfS to enter into validation arrangements, and

(b) require the OfS to offer to do so with—

(i) registered higher education providers generally, or

(ii) such registered higher education providers as are specified in the regulations or are of a description so specified.

(2) Regulations under subsection (1) may authorise the OfS to enter into validation arrangements in respect of—

(a) all taught awards, or

(b) such taught awards as are specified in the regulations or are of a description so specified.

(3) Regulations under subsection (1) may require the OfS to offer to enter into validation arrangements subject to conditions specified in the regulations.

(4) Regulations under subsection (1) may include power for the OfS to authorise authorisedregistered higher education providers to enter on its behalf into—

(a) all the validation arrangements that the OfS is authorised to enter into by the regulations, or

(b) such of those validation arrangements as are specified in the regulations or are of a description so specified.

(5) But regulations under subsection (1) may not include power for the OfS to authorise a provider to enter on its behalf into validation arrangements which are—

(a) arrangements in respect of taught awards that the provider is not authorised to grant, or

(b) arrangements that the provider is not authorised to enter into.

(6) Regulations under subsection (1) may include power for the OfS to deprive a person of a taught award granted by or on behalf of the OfS under validation arrangements.

(7) In this section, “ validation arrangements ” means arrangements between the OfS and a registered higher education provider under which the OfS—

(a) grants a taught award to a person who is a student at the provider, or

(b) authorises the provider to grant a taught award on behalf of the OfS.

(8) In this section, “ authorised ”, in relation to a registered higher education provider, means authorised to grant taught awards, and to enter into validation arrangements, by—

(a) an authorisation given—

(i) under section 42(1),

(ii) by or under any other provision of an Act of Parliament, or

(iii) by Royal Charter, or

(b) an authorisation varied under section 45(1).

(9) Validation arrangements may provide for—

(a) the grant of a taught award by the OfS, or

(b) the authorisation to grant a taught award on behalf of the OfS,

to be subject to such conditions as the OfS considers appropriate.

Prospective

52 Sections 42 to 49: consequential amendments

(1) Section 76 of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992(power to award degrees, etc) is amended as follows.

(2) In the heading, after “ etc. ” insert “ : institutions in Wales ” .

(3) In subsection (1), after “any institution” in both places insert “ in Wales ” .

(4) After subsection (7), insert—

“ (8) References in this section to an institution in Wales are to an institution whose activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in Wales.

(9) See section 42 of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017 regarding institutions in England. ”

(5) The amendments made by this section do not affect the continuing validity of any orders made under section 76 of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 before the coming into force of this section.

53 Unrecognised degrees _I74

(1) Section 214 of the Education Reform Act 1988 (unrecognised degrees) is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (2), before paragraph (a) insert—

“ (za) an award granted or to be granted by a university, college or other body which it is authorised to grant by—

(i) an authorisation given under section 42(1) of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (“ the 2017 Act ”),

(ii) an authorisation varied under section 45(1) of the 2017 Act, or

(iii) regulations under section 51(1) of the 2017 Act;

(zb) an award granted or to be granted by a body for the time being permitted by a body falling within paragraph (za) to act on its behalf in the granting of that award where the grant of that award by that other body on its behalf is authorised by—

(i) the authorisation mentioned in paragraph (za), or

(ii) regulations under section 51(1) of the 2017 Act; ” .

(3) In subsection (2)(a), after “Act of Parliament” insert “ (other than section 42(1), 45(1) or 51(1) of the 2017 Act) ” .

(4) In subsection (2)(c), for “Secretary of State” substitute “ appropriate authority ” .

(5) After subsection (9) insert—

“ (9ZA) For the purposes of this section as it extends to England and Wales, “ the appropriate authority ” means—

(a) so far as the power to make an order under subsection (2)(c) is exercisable in relation to England, the Office for Students, and

(b) so far as the power to make an order under that provision is exercisable in relation to Wales, the Welsh Ministers. ”

(6) In subsection (9A)—

(a) for “and section 215, as they extend” substitute “ as it extends ” , and

(b) for “the reference to the Secretary of State is to be read as a reference to” substitute “ “ the appropriate authority ” means ” .

(7) In subsection (10)(a)—

(a) for “means” substitute “ —

(i) means ” , and

(b) after “outside the United Kingdom” insert “ , and

(ii) includes the Office for Students ” .

54 Unrecognised degrees: supplementary _I75

(1) Section 215 of the Education Reform Act 1988 (“ the 1988 Act ”) (unrecognised degrees: enforcement) is amended in accordance with subsections (2) and (3).

(2) In subsection (1)—

(a) for “Secretary of State” substitute “ appropriate authority ” ,

(b) for “him” substitute “ the appropriate authority ” , and

(3) After subsection (1A) insert—

“ (1B) “ The appropriate authority ” means—

(a) in the case of a weights and measures authority in England, the Secretary of State,

(b) in the case of a weights and measures authority in Wales, the Welsh Ministers, and

(4) Section 216 of the 1988 Act (identification of bodies granting or providing courses for recognised awards) is amended in accordance with subsections (5) to (12).

(5) For subsection (1) substitute—

“ (1) The appropriate authority may by order designate each body which appears to the authority to be a recognised body within subsection (4)(a), (b) or (c).

(1A) For the purposes of sections 214 and 215, any body for the time being designated by an order under subsection (1) as a recognised body within subsection (4)(c) is conclusively presumed to be such a body. ”

(6) In subsection (2)—

(a) for “Secretary of State” substitute “ appropriate authority ” , and

(b) for “him” substitute “ the authority ” .

(7) After subsection (2) insert—

“ (2ZA) For the purposes of this section as it extends to England and Wales, “ the appropriate authority ” means—

(a) so far as the functions in question are exercisable in relation to England, the Office for Students, and

(b) so far as the functions in question are exercisable in relation to Wales, the Welsh Ministers. ”

(8) In subsection (2A), for “the references in subsections (1) and (2) above to the Secretary of State are to be read as references to” substitute “ “ the appropriate authority ” means ” .

(9) In subsection (3)—

(a) in the opening words for “either” substitute “ it ” , and

(b) before paragraph (a) insert—

“ (za) provides any course which is—

(i) in preparation for a degree to be granted by a recognised body within subsection (4)(a) or (b) which the recognised body is authorised to grant by the authorisation or regulations mentioned in subsection (4)(a), and

(ii) is approved by or on behalf of that recognised body; ” .

(10) In subsection (3)(a), after “a recognised body” insert “ within subsection (4)(c) ” .

(11) In subsection (4), after “means” insert “ —

(a) a body which is authorised to grant awards by—

(i) an authorisation given under section 42(1) of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (“ the 2017 Act ”),

(ii) an authorisation varied under section 45(1) of the 2017 Act, or

(iii) regulations under section 51(1) of the 2017 Act,

(b) a body for the time being permitted by a body within paragraph (a) to act on its behalf in the granting of awards where the grant of the awards by that other body on its behalf is authorised by the authorisation or regulations mentioned in paragraph (a), or

(12) In the heading, after “awards” insert “ etc ” .

(13) Section 232 of the 1988 Act (orders and regulations) is amended in accordance with subsections (14) and (15).

(14) After subsection (4), insert—

“ (4A) The power of the Office for Students to make an order under section 214 or 216 is exercisable by statutory instrument; and the Statutory Instruments Act 1946 is to apply to such an instrument as if the order had been made by a Minister of the Crown. ”

(15) In subsection (5), after “fit” insert “ or, in the case of orders under section 214 or 216 made by the Office for Students, the Office for Students thinks fit ” .

(16) The amendments made by section 53 or this section to section 214 or 216 of the 1988 Act do not affect the continuing validity of any orders made under section 214 or 216 of the 1988 Act before the coming into force of this section.

(17) Such orders made by the Secretary of State under section 214 or 216 of the 1988 Act have effect after the coming into force of this section as if made by the OfS under section 214 or 216 of the 1988 Act.

(18) The power in section 217(2) of the 1988 Act may be exercised so as to extend to any of the Channel Islands any amendment made by section 53 or this section to sections 214 to 216 of the 1988 Act with such adaptations and modifications (if any) as may be specified in the Order.

55 Saving for right to grant degrees under the Ecclesiastical Licences Act 1533_I76

Nothing done under this Part is to affect the right of the Archbishop of Canterbury, or any other person, by virtue of the Ecclesiastical Licences Act 1533 to grant a degree where the recipient is not required—

(a) to complete an appropriate course of study or an appropriate programme of supervised research, or

(b) to satisfy an appropriate examination, test or other assessment.

Powers in relation to “university” title

56 Use of “university” in title of institution _I77

(1) Section 77 of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992(use of “university” in title of institution) is amended as follows.

(2) Before subsection (1) insert—

“ (A1) Where—

(a) power is conferred by any enactment or instrument to change the name of any educational institution or any body corporate carrying on such an institution,

(b) the educational institution is a registered higher education provider, and

then, the power may be exercised so as to include the word “university” in the name of the institution and, if it is carried on by a body corporate, in the name of the body, but only if the Office for Students (instead of the Privy Council) consents to that exercise of the power. ”

(3) In subsection (1)—

(a) in paragraph (b), after “institution” insert “ is in Wales and ” , and

(b) omit “(whether or not the institution would apart from this section be a university)”.

(4) After subsection (1) insert—

“ (1A) Subsections (A1) and (1) apply whether or not the educational institution would, apart from this section, be a university. ”

(5) In subsection (2)—

(a) after “in subsection” insert “ (A1) or ” , and

(b) for “that subsection” substitute “ subsections (A1) and (1) ” .

(6) In subsection (3), after “name” insert “ the Office for Students and ” .

(7) After subsection (3) insert—

“ (3A) In exercising its power to give consent under subsection (A1), the Office for Students must have regard to factors set out in guidance given by the Secretary of State.

(3B) Before giving guidance under subsection (3A), the Secretary of State must consult—

(a) bodies representing the interests of English higher education providers,

(b) bodies representing the interests of students on higher education courses provided by English higher education providers, and

(8) In subsection (4), after “subsection” insert “ (A1) or ” .

(9) After subsection (4) insert—

“ (5) In this section, “ English higher education provider ”, “ higher education course ” and “ registered higher education provider ” have the same meaning as in Part 1 of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017(see sections 83 and 85 of that Act).

(6) For the purposes of subsection (1), an educational institution is in Wales if the institution's activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in Wales. ”

(10) The amendments made by this section do not affect the continuing validity of any consents given by the Privy Council under section 77 of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 before the coming into force of this section.

57 Unauthorised use of “university” in title of institution etc _I78

(1) Section 39 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998(unauthorised use of “university” in title of institution etc) is amended as follows.

(2) Before subsection (1) insert—

“ (A1) A relevant institution in England must not, when making available (or offering to make available) educational services, do so under a name which includes the word “university” unless the inclusion of that word in that name is—

(a) authorised by or by virtue of any Act or Royal Charter, or

(b) approved by the Office for Students for the purposes of this section. ”

(3) In subsection (1), omit “England or”.

(4) In subsection (2)—

(a) for “such an institution” substitute “ a relevant institution in England or a relevant institution in Wales ” , and

(b) after “subsection” insert “ (A1) or ” .

(5) In subsection (3), after “Subsection” insert “ (A1), ” .

(6) In subsection (4), after “subsection” insert “ (A1), ” .

(7) In subsection (5), after “this section” insert “ the Office for Students and ” .

(8) After subsection (5) insert—

“ (5A) In exercising its power to give approval under subsection (A1) or (2), the Office for Students must have regard to factors set out in guidance given by the Secretary of State.

(5B) Before giving guidance under subsection (5A), the Secretary of State must consult—

(a) bodies representing the interests of English higher education providers,

(b) bodies representing the interests of students on higher education courses provided by English higher education providers, and

(5C) The power of the Office for Students under subsection (A1) or (2) is not exercisable in a case where the inclusion of the word “university” in the name in question may be authorised by virtue of any other Act or any Royal Charter.

(5D) But that does not prevent the power of the Office for Students under subsection (A1) or (2) being exercisable where the inclusion of the word “university” in the name in question has approval, or may require approval, under section 55 or 1194 of the Companies Act 2006.

(5E) Where approval is given by the Office for Students under subsection (A1) or (2) in such a case, that does not affect any requirement for approval under section 55 or 1194 of the Companies Act 2006. ”

(9) In subsection (7), before the definition of “relevant institution” insert—

“ “ English higher education provider ” and “ higher education course ” have the same meaning as in Part 1 of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017(see section 83 of that Act); ” .

(10) In subsection (7), for the definition of “relevant institution” substitute—

“ “ relevant institution in England ” means a registered higher education provider as defined by section 85 of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017;

“ relevant institution in Wales ” means—

(a) an institution in Wales within the further education sector as defined by section 91(3) of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992, or

(b) an institution in Wales within the higher education sector as defined by section 91(5) of that Act; ” .

(11) After subsection (7) insert—

“ (8) For the purposes of this section, an institution is in England or is in Wales if the institution's activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in England or, as the case may be, in Wales. ”

(12) The amendments made by this section do not affect the continuing validity of any approvals given by the Privy Council under section 39 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 before the coming into force of this section.

58 Revocation of authorisation to use “university” title _I79

(1) The OfS may by order revoke any authorisation, consent or other approval given by or by virtue of—

(a) an Act (other than the Companies Act 2006), or

(b) a Royal Charter,

to an institution in England to include the word “university” in its name.

(2) That is the case even if the authorisation, consent or other approval was granted for an indefinite period.

(3) The OfS may make an order under subsection (1) only if condition A, B or C is satisfied.

(4) Condition A is satisfied if—

(a) in the case of consent or approval given by the OfS under section 77 of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 or section 39 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998, the institution ceases to be a registered higher education provider, or

(b) in any other case, the institution is not a registered higher education provider.

(5) Condition B is satisfied if, disregarding any transitional or saving provision made by an order under section 42(1) or 45(1)—

(a) the institution is neither authorised to grant taught awards nor authorised to grant research awards, or

(b) foundation degrees are the only degrees which the institution is authorised to grant.

(6) Condition C is satisfied if, due to a change in circumstances since the authorisation, consent or other approval was given, it appears to the OfS to be no longer appropriate for the institution to include the word “university” in its name.

(7) The OfS's power to make an order under subsection (1) is exercisable by statutory instrument; and the Statutory Instruments Act 1946 is to apply to such an instrument as if the order had been made by a Minister of the Crown.

(8) An order under subsection (1) may make incidental, supplementary, transitional or saving provision.

(9) Any power to revoke an authorisation, consent or other approval mentioned in subsection (1), which is a power which exists immediately before the coming into force of this section, ceases to exist on that coming into force.

59 Revocation of authorisation: procedure _I80

(1) Before making an order under section 58(1) revoking the authorisation, consent or other approval given to an institution to include the word “university” in its name, the OfS must notify the governing body of the institution of its intention to do so.

(2) The notice must—

(a) specify the OfS's reasons for proposing to take the step in question,

(b) specify the period during which the governing body may make representations about the proposal (“ the specified period ”), and

(3) The specified period must not be less than 28 days beginning with the date on which the notice is received.

(4) The OfS must have regard to any representations made by the governing body of the institution during the specified period in deciding whether to take the step in question.

(5) Having decided whether or not to take the step in question, the OfS must notify the governing body of the institution of its decision.

(6) If the OfS decides to revoke the authorisation, consent or other approval given to an institution to include the word “university” in its name, the notice of the decision must specify the date on which the revocation takes effect under the order to be made under section 58(1).

(7) The notice must also contain information as to—

(a) the rights of appeal, and

(b) the period within which an appeal may be made.

(8) The order under section 58(1) implementing the decision to revoke the authorisation, consent or other approval may not be made, and the revocation may not take effect, at any time when—

(a) an appeal under section 60(1)(a) or (b), or a further appeal, could be brought in respect of the decision to revoke, or

(b) such an appeal is pending.

(9) But that does not prevent the order under section 58(1) being made, or the revocation taking effect, if the governing body of the institutionnotifies the OfS that it does not intend to appeal.

(10) Where subsection (8) ceases to prevent a revocation taking effect on the date specified under subsection (6), the OfS is to determine a future date on which the revocation takes effect under the order to be made under section 58(1).

(11) But that is subject to what has been determined on any appeal under section 60(1)(a) or (b), or any further appeal, in respect of the decision to revoke.

60 Appeals against revocation of authorisation _I81

(1) The governing body of an institution may appeal to the First-tier Tribunal against either or both of the following—

(a) a decision of the OfS to revoke, by an order under section 58(1), an authorisation, consent or other approval given to the institution to include the word “university” in its name;

(b) a decision of the OfS as to the date specified under section 59(6) as the date on which the revocation takes effect.

(2) On an appeal under subsection (1)(a), the Tribunal—

(a) must consider afresh the decision appealed against, and

(b) may take into account evidence that was not available to the OfS.

(3) An appeal under subsection (1)(b) may be on the grounds—

(a) that the decision was based on an error of fact;

(b) that the decision was wrong in law;

(4) On an appeal under subsection (1), the Tribunal may—

(a) withdraw the decision;

(b) confirm the decision;

(d) remit the decision whether to confirm the decision, or any matter relating to that decision (including the date on which the revocation takes effect), to the OfS.

(5) In the case of an appeal under subsection (1)(a), the Tribunal also has power to substitute for the decision any other decision that the OfS could have made.

(6) An appeal under subsection (1)(a) against a decision to revoke an approval may include an appeal against the decision mentioned in subsection (1)(b) regarding the date when the revocation takes effect; and in the case of such an appeal, references in subsections (2), (4) and (5) to the decision appealed against are to be read accordingly.

Powers of entry and search

61 Entering and searching premises with a warrant _I82

(1) Schedule 5 makes provision about powers to enter and search premises in England occupied by supported higher education providers or linked institutions in relation to such providers.

(2) “ Supported higher education provider ” means a registered higher education provider which—

(a) is funded wholly or partly by a grant, loan or other payment from the OfS under section 39 or 40 (financial support for providers), or

(b) provides higher education courses which are designated for the purposes of section 22 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 (financial support for students) by or under regulations made under that section.

(3) A “ linked institution ” in relation to a supported higher education provider means an institution which acts on behalf of the provider in the provision of a higher education course by the provider.

Information powers

62 Power to require information from unregistered providers _I83_,_I84

(1) The OfS may by notice require the governing body of an unregistered provider to provide the OfS with such information for the purposes of the performance of the OfS's functions as the OfS requests in the notice.

(2) A notice under subsection (1) may require the information to be provided—

(a) by a time specified in the notice, and

(b) in a form and manner specified in the notice.

(3) If a governing body fails to comply with a notice under subsection (1) and does not satisfy the OfS that it is unable to provide the information, the OfS may enforce the duty to comply with the notice in civil proceedings for an injunction.

(4) “An unregistered provider” is an English higher education provider which is not a registered higher education provider.

(5) See section 8(1)(b) for the ongoing registration condition of a registered higher education provider to provide information to the OfS.

(1) The OfS—

(a) may cooperate with any person where it considers it appropriate to do so for the efficient performance of a function of the OfS, and

(b) must cooperate with a person in the performance of such a function if required to do so by the Secretary of State.

(2) The OfS—

(a) may cooperate with a relevant person where it considers it appropriate to do so for the efficient performance of a relevant function of the relevant person, and

(b) must cooperate with a relevant person in the performance of such a function if required to do so by the Secretary of State.

(3) The OfS may provide information to any person if the disclosure is made for the purposes of the performance of a function of the OfS.

(4) The OfS may provide information to a relevant person if the disclosure is made for the purposes of the performance of a relevant function of the relevant person.

(5) Provision of information by the OfS which is authorised by this section does not breach—

(a) an obligation of confidence owed by the OfS, or

(b) any other restriction on the provision of information (however imposed).

(6) But nothing in this section authorises the OfS to provide information where doing so contravenes [^F2 the data protection legislation^F2] .

(7) In this section—

[^F3 “ the data protection legislation ” has the same meaning as in the Data Protection Act 2018 (see section 3 of that Act); ^F3]
“ relevant person ” means—
(a)
the Privy Council, or
(b)
a person prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State;
“ relevant function ” means—
(a)
in relation to the Privy Council, any of its functions;
(b)
in relation to any other relevant person, a function prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State.

(8) Regulations under this section prescribing functions of a relevant person may prescribe all of the person's functions.

Information duties

64 Duty to compile and make available higher education information _I86_,_I87

(1) The relevant body must—

(a) compile appropriate information relating to registered higher education providers and the higher education courses they provide, and

(b) make the information available in an appropriate form and manner to the OfS, UKRI and the Secretary of State.

(2) In this section “ the relevant body ” means—

(a) the designated body (see section 66), or

(b) if there is no such body, the OfS.

(3) What is “ appropriate ” for the purposes of subsection (1)(a) and (b) is to be determined—

(a) by the designated body if the OfS has notified the body that it is required to do so (and has not withdrawn the notification), or

(b) otherwise, by the OfS.

(4) A notification under subsection (3) may relate to one or both of the paragraphs of subsection (1).

(5) When the designated body or the OfS determines what is appropriate for the purposes of subsection (1), it must in particular consider what would be helpful to the persons mentioned in subsection (1)(b).

(6) The OfS must from time to time obtain and consider, or require the designated body to obtain and consider, the views of the persons listed in subsection (7) about the information that should be made available under this section.

(7) Those persons are—

(a) UKRI,

(b) the Secretary of State, and

(8) In performing the duty under subsection (1)(a), the relevant body must—

(a) cooperate with other persons who collect information from registered higher education providers, and

(b) have regard to the desirability of reducing the burdens on such providers relating to the collection of information.

(9) In carrying out other functions under this section, the OfS and the designated body must have regard to the desirability of reducing the burdens described in subsection (8)(b).

(10) The functions conferred by this section do not affect any other functions of the OfS regarding information.

65 Duty to publish higher education information _I88_,_I89

(1) The relevant body must publish, or arrange for the publication of, appropriate information relating to registered higher education providers and the higher education courses they provide.

(2) In this section “ the relevant body ” means—

(a) the designated body (see section 66), or

(b) if there is no such body, the OfS.

(3) The information must be published—

(a) at appropriate times, and

(b) at least once a year.

(4) The information must be published in an appropriate form and manner.

(5) What is “ appropriate ” for the purposes of subsections (1), (3) and (4) is to be determined—

(a) by the designated body if the OfS has notified the body that it is required to do so (and has not withdrawn the notification), or

(b) otherwise, by the OfS.

(6) A notification under subsection (5) may relate to one or more of subsections (1), (3) and (4).

(7) When the designated body or the OfS determines what is appropriate for the purposes of subsection (1), (3) or (4), it must in particular consider what would be helpful to—

(a) students on higher education courses provided by registered higher education providers;

(b) people thinking about undertaking such courses;

(8) The consideration under subsection (7) of what would be helpful to those described in paragraphs (a) to (c) of that subsection must include a consideration of what would be helpful to—

(a) international students on higher education courses provided by registered higher education providers;

(b) people thinking about undertaking such courses who would be international students on such courses;

(c) registered higher education providers who recruit, or are thinking about recruiting, people who would be international students on such courses.

(9) When the designated body or the OfS determines what is appropriate for the purposes of subsection (1), it must, in particular, consider whether information about the numbers of international students on higher education courses provided by registered higher education providers would be appropriate information.

(10) The OfS must from time to time consult, or require the designated body to consult, the following about the matters described in subsections (7) to (9)—

(a) a number of registered higher education providers that, taken together, appear to the OfS to comprise a broad range of the different types of such providers,

(b) a number of persons that, taken together, appear to the OfS to represent, or promote the interests of, a broad range of students on higher education courses provided by registered higher education providers,

(c) a number of persons that, taken together, appear to the OfS to represent, or promote the interests of, a broad range of employers of graduates, and

(d) such other persons as the OfS considers appropriate.

(11) In performing the duty under subsection (1), the relevant body must—

(a) cooperate with other persons who collect information from registered higher education providers, and

(b) have regard to the desirability of reducing the burdens on such providers relating to the collection of information.

(12) In carrying out other functions under this section, the OfS and the designated body must have regard to the desirability of reducing the burdens described in subsection (11)(b).

(13) The functions conferred by this section do not affect any other functions of the OfS regarding information.

(14) In this section—

“ graduate ” means a graduate of a higher education course provided by a registered higher education provider;
“ international student ” means a person—
(a)
who is not within any description of persons prescribed under section 1 of the Education (Fees and Awards) Act 1983 (charging of higher fees in case of students without prescribed connection with the UK) for the purposes of subsection (1) or (2) of that section, and
(b)
whose presence in the United Kingdom, and undertaking of the higher education course in question, are not in breach of primary or secondary legislation relating to immigration.

66 Designated body _I90_,_I91_,_I92_,_I93

(1) In sections 64 and 65 and this section, “ designated body ” means a body for the time being designated under Schedule 6.

(2) In Schedule 6—

(a) Part 1 makes provision about the designation of a body for the purposes of sections 64 and 65, and

(b) Part 2 makes provision about oversight of the designated body by the OfS.

(3) If there is a designated body, the OfS must have regard to the views of that body when making a decision about what is appropriate for the purposes of section 64(1) or section 65(1), (3) or (4).

(4) A person listed in subsection (5) may by notice require a designated body to provide the person with information which is held by the designated body for the purposes of the performance of its duties under sections 64(1) or 65(1).

(5) Those persons are—

(a) the OfS,

(b) UKRI, and

(6) A person may give a notice under subsection (4) only in respect of information which is required by the person for the purposes of the performance of any of the person's functions.

(7) A notice under subsection (4) may require the information to be provided—

(a) by a time specified in the notice, and

(b) in a form and manner specified in the notice.

(8) If a designated body fails to comply with a notice under subsection (4) and does not satisfy the person who gave the notice that it is unable to provide the information, that person may enforce the duty to comply with the notice in civil proceedings for an injunction.

67 Power of designated body to charge fees _I94

(1) A designated body may charge an annual fee to any registered higher education provider in respect of costs incurred, or to be incurred, by the body in the performance by the body of its functions under this Act.

(2) The amount of a fee payable by a registered higher education provider under this section may be calculated by reference to costs incurred, or to be incurred, by the body in the performance by the body of any of its functions under this Act which are unconnected with the provider.

(3) The total fees payable under this section in any period of 12 months must not exceed the total costs incurred by the body in that period in the performance by the body of its functions under this Act.

(4) The designated body must publish—

(a) a statement of the amount of the fees which it charges under this section and the basis on which they are calculated, and

(b) revised statements where the amount of the fees or the basis on which they are calculated changes.

(5) “ Designated body ” has the same meaning as in section 66.

[^F4 Publication

67A Power for the OfS to publish notices, decisions and reports

(1) The OfS may publish notices, decisions and reports given or made in the performance of its functions.

(2) Subsection (1) does not affect any other power of the OfS to publish such a matter.

(3) Publication under this section does not breach—

(a) an obligation of confidence owed by the OfS, or

(b) any other restriction on the publication or disclosure of information (however imposed).

(4) But nothing in this section authorises the OfS to publish information where doing so contravenes the data protection legislation.

For this purpose “ the data protection legislation ” has the same meaning as in the Data Protection Act 2018 (see section 3 of that Act).

(5) In deciding whether to publish a notice, decision or report under subsection (1), the OfS must, in particular, consider—

(a) the interests of—

(i) students on higher education courses provided by English higher education providers,

(ii) people thinking about undertaking, or who have undertaken, such courses, and

(iii) English higher education providers,

(b) the need for excluding from publication, so far as practicable, any information which relates to the affairs of a particular body or individual, where publication of that information would or might, in the opinion of the OfS, seriously and prejudicially affect the interests of that body or individual, and

(6) For the purposes of this section and sections 67B and 67C—

(a) a reference to a decision includes a reference to the reasons for it, and

(b) any decision made in the course of exercising, or for the purposes of enabling the OfS to exercise, any of the OfS’s functions (including making any other decision) is made “in the performance of its functions”.

67B Publication of decision to conduct or terminate investigation

(1) This section applies where under section 67A(1) the OfS publishes a decision to conduct an investigation.

(2) If the publication identifies a higher education provider or other body or individual whose activities are being, or to be, investigated, and—

(a) the OfS terminates the investigation without making any finding, or

(b) the findings of the investigation, so far as they relate to the higher education provider, body or individual, do not result in the OfS taking any further action,

the OfS must publish a notice stating that fact.

(3) Section 67C does not apply to the publication of the decision to conduct the investigation to the extent that it includes information other than—

(a) a statement of the OfS’s decision to conduct the investigation,

(b) a summary of the matter being, or to be, investigated, and

(c) a reference to the identity of any higher education provider or other body or individual whose activities are being, or to be, investigated.

(4) See section 67A(6) for the meaning of references to decisions.

Defamation

67C Protection from defamation claims

(1) For the purposes of the law of defamation, publication by the OfS of any notice, decision or report given or made in the performance of its functions is privileged unless the publication is shown to have been made with malice.

This is subject to section 67B.

(2) See section 67A(6) for the meaning of references to decisions. ^F4]

Financial sustainability

68 Duty to monitor and report on financial sustainability _I95

(1) The OfS must monitor the financial sustainability of the following registered higher education providers—

(a) those who are funded wholly or partly by a grant, loan or other payment from the OfS under section 39 or 40 (financial support for providers),

(b) those who are not so funded but are eligible to receive such funding under section 39 or 40, and

(c) those who provide higher education courses which are designated for the purposes of section 22 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 (financial support for students) by or under regulations made under that section.

(2) The OfS must include in its annual report a financial sustainability summary for the financial year to which the report relates.

(3) “A financial sustainability summary” for a financial year is a summary of conclusions drawn by the OfS for that year, from its monitoring under subsection (1), regarding relevant patterns, trends or other matters which it has identified.

(4) Patterns, trends or other matters are “relevant” if—

(a) they relate to the financial sustainability of some or all of the registered higher education providers monitored under subsection (1), and

(b) the OfS considers that they are appropriate to be brought to the attention of the Secretary of State.

(5) In this section—

“ annual report ” means the annual report under paragraph 13 of Schedule 1;
“ financial year ” has the same meaning as in that Schedule (see paragraph 12(6)).

Efficiency studies etc

69 Studies for improving economy, efficiency and effectiveness _I96

(1) The OfS may arrange for studies designed to improve economy, efficiency and effectiveness in the management or operations of a registered higher education provider to be promoted or carried out by a person.

(2) A person promoting or carrying out such studies at the request of the OfS (“a researcher”) may require the governing body of the provider concerned—

(a) to provide the researcher or an authorised person with such information as the researcher may reasonably require for that purpose, and

(b) to make available for inspection, to the researcher or an authorised person, their accounts and such other documents as the researcher may reasonably require for that purpose.

(3) “ Authorised person ” means a person authorised by the researcher.

[^F569B Functions of the OfS in relation to students’ unions

(1) The OfS must monitor whether students’ unions to which sections A5 and A6 apply are complying with their duties under those sections.

(2) The OfS may impose a monetary penalty on a students’ union if it appears to the OfS that it is failing or has failed to comply with any of its duties under those sections.

(3) A “monetary penalty” is a requirement to pay the OfS a penalty of an amount determined by the OfS in accordance with regulations made by the Secretary of State.

(4) The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision about matters to which the OfS must, or must not, have regard in exercising its power under subsection (2) .

(5) Schedule 3 (monetary penalties: procedure etc) applies in relation to the imposition of a penalty on a students’ union under subsection (2) , but as if—

(a) references to a registered higher education provider or the governing body of such a provider were references to the students’ union, and

(b) references to section 15 were references to subsection (2) .

(6) The OfS must maintain a list of the students’ unions to which, according to the information held by the OfS, sections A5 and A6 apply.

(7) The OfS must make the list maintained under subsection (6) publicly available by such means as it considers appropriate.

(8) A students’ union to which sections A5 and A6 apply must provide the OfS, or a person nominated by the OfS, with such information for the purposes of the performance of the OfS’s functions under this section as the OfS may require it to provide.

(9) If a students’ union fails to comply with a requirement under subsection (8) and does not satisfy the OfS that it is unable to provide the information, the OfS may enforce the duty to comply with the requirement in civil proceedings for an injunction. ^F5]

[^F669D Overseas funding: registered higher education providers

(1) The OfS must monitor the overseas funding of registered higher education providers and their constituent institutions with a view to assessing the extent to which the funding presents a risk to the matters in subsection (2).

(2) The matters are—

(a) freedom of speech within the law, and

(b) the academic freedom of academic staff of registered higher education providers and their constituent institutions,

in the provision of higher education by registered higher education providers and their constituent institutions.

(3) The duty in subsection (1) includes a duty to consider, in a case where the OfS has found that a registered higher education provider or any constituent institution of a registered higher education provider is in breach of its duty under section A1, whether overseas funding was relevant to the breach.

(4) The information which the governing body of a registered higher education provider may be required to provide under the condition under section 8(1)(b), in relation to the function of the OfS under subsection (1), is—

(a) information as to relevant funding from a relevant overseas person, where the funding from that person exceeds the threshold in any period of 12 months specified by the OfS, and

(b) if the OfS considers it appropriate in any circumstances, such other information as the OfS may reasonably require.

(5) In this section “relevant funding” from a relevant overseas person, in relation to a registered higher education provider, means amounts which are received by the provider or a connected person—

(a) by way of endowment, gift or donation from the relevant overseas person,

(b) by way of research grant from the relevant overseas person,

(d) pursuant to an educational or commercial partnership with the relevant overseas person.

(6) In subsection (5) “ connected person ”, in relation to a registered higher education provider, means—

(a) the governing body of the provider,

(b) a constituent institution of the provider, or

(7) For the purposes of subsection (5), treat receipt of anything that is not money as receipt of an amount equal to the value of the thing to the recipient at the time of receipt.

(8) In this section “ relevant overseas person ” means—

(a) the government of an overseas country, other than a prescribed country,

(b) a body which is incorporated or registered in, or has its headquarters in, an overseas country other than a prescribed country, or

(c) an individual who is a politically exposed person in relation to an overseas country other than a prescribed country.

(9) In this section—

“ overseas country ” means any country or territory outside the United Kingdom, but not including the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man and any British overseas territory;
“ politically exposed person ” has the meaning given by regulation 35 of the Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Transfer of Funds (Information on the Payer) Regulations 2017 ( S.I. 2017/692 );
“ prescribed country ” means a country or territory specified in regulations made by the Secretary of State.

(10) For the purposes of subsection (4)(a), “ the threshold ” means an amount specified in regulations made by the Secretary of State.

(11) Regulations under subsection (10) may include provision—

(a) as to how the amount specified is to be calculated;

(b) to treat amounts received from a person other than a relevant overseas person as received from the relevant overseas person.

69E Overseas funding: students’ unions

(1) The OfS must monitor the overseas funding of students’ unions at registered higher education providers that are eligible for financial support with a view to assessing the extent to which the funding presents a risk to the matter in subsection (2).

(2) The matter is freedom of speech within the law for—

(a) members of the students’ unions,

(b) students of the providers,

(d) staff and members of the providers and of their constituent institutions, and

(e) visiting speakers.

(3) The duty in subsection (1) includes a duty to consider, in a case where the OfS has found that a students’ union is in breach of its duty under section A5, whether overseas funding was relevant to the breach.

(4) For the purpose of the function of the OfS under subsection (1), a students’ union referred to in that subsection must provide to the OfS at such times, and in respect of such periods, as the OfS may reasonably request—

(a) information as to any amounts received from a relevant overseas person, where the amounts exceed the threshold in any period of 12 months specified by the OfS, and

(b) if the OfS considers it appropriate in any circumstances, such other information as the OfS may reasonably require.

(5) If a students’ union fails to comply with its duty under subsection (4), the OfS may enforce the duty in civil proceedings for an injunction.

(6) The following provisions of section 69D apply for the purposes of this section—

(a) subsection (7) (things other than money);

(b) subsections (8) and (9) (meaning of “ relevant overseas person ”);

Funding of the OfS

70 Registration fees _I97

(1) The OfS may, in accordance with regulations made by the Secretary of State, charge an institution either or both of the following—

(a) a fee for its initial registration in the register;

(b) a fee for its ongoing registration in the register for each period of twelve months.

(2) The regulations may, in particular, make provision—

(a) about the amounts which may be charged, including different amounts for different institutions;

(b) about the charging of proportions of those amounts in certain circumstances;

(d) about the consequences of non-payment;

(e) about notification of institutions of the fees payable, when they are payable and the consequences of non-payment;

(f) about the recovery of fees and of costs in recovering those fees;

(g) about the imposition of financial penalties for late payment of fees;

(h) about rights of appeal in respect of the imposition of such penalties;

(i) about the charging of interest;

(j) about the waiving or refunding of fees.

(3) The regulations may provide for the amounts of fees to be calculated by reference to costs incurred, or to be incurred, by the OfS in the performance of any of its functions (including costs unconnected with maintaining the register or with the institution in question).

(4) Regulations under this section may be made only with the consent of the Treasury.

71 Other fees _I98

(1) The OfS may, in accordance with regulations made by the Secretary of State, charge a fee for—

(a) any activity undertaken by the OfS in the performance of its functions which is specified in the regulations;

(b) any service provided by it in the performance of its functions which is specified in the regulations.

(2) The regulations may, in particular, make provision—

(a) about the persons required to pay the fees (“payees”);

(b) about the amounts which may be charged, including different amounts for different payees;

(d) about when a fee is payable, including about payment by instalments;

(e) about the consequences of non-payment;

(f) about notification of payees of the fees payable, when they are payable and the consequences of non-payment;

(g) about the recovery of fees and of costs in recovering those fees;

(h) about the imposition of financial penalties for late payment of fees;

(i) about rights of appeal in respect of the imposition of such penalties;

(j) about the charging of interest;

(k) about the waiving or refunding of fees.

(3) The regulations may provide for the amounts of fees to be calculated by reference to costs incurred by the OfS in the performance of the activity or service in question in relation to a person other than the payee.

(4) If costs incurred by the OfS are costs by reference to which fees under section 70 are calculated as a result of regulations made under that section, fees calculated by reference to those costs may not be charged under this section.

(5) Regulations under this section may be made only with the consent of the Treasury.

(1) The OfS must pay its fee income to the Secretary of State except to the extent that the Secretary of State, with the consent of the Treasury, directs otherwise.

(2) “ Fee income ” means the sums received by the OfS by way of—

(a) fees charged under section 70 (registration fees) or 71 (other fees), or

(b) costs recovered by virtue of regulations made under section 70(2)(f) or 71(2)(g).

(3) The OfS must pay its other fee related income to the Secretary of State.

(4) “ Other fee related income ” means the sums received by the OfS by way of—

(a) penalties imposed by virtue of regulations made under section 70(2)(g) or 71(2)(h), or

(b) interest charged by virtue of regulations made under section 70(2)(i) or 71(2)(j).

73 Costs recovery _I101

(1) The OfS may, by notice, require the governing body of a provider in relation to which a sanction has been imposed to pay the costs incurred by the OfS in relation to imposing the sanction up to the date of notification.

(2) The references in subsection (1) to imposing a sanction are to—

(a) imposing a monetary penalty under section 15;

(b) suspending a provider's registration under section 16;

(3) “ Costs ” includes, in particular, investigation costs, administration costs and costs of obtaining expert advice (including legal advice).

(4) “ The date of notification ” means the date on which the OfS notified the provider of its decision—

(a) in the case of a monetary penalty, under paragraph 2(5) of Schedule 3;

(b) in the case of suspension, under section 17(5);

(5) Schedule 7 contains provision about—

(a) the procedure for imposing a requirement to pay costs,

(b) rights of appeal,

(d) the retention of sums received.

74 Grants from the Secretary of State _I102

(1) The Secretary of State may make grants to the OfS of such amounts, and subject to such terms and conditions, as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.

(2) The terms and conditions under subsection (1) may, in particular, be framed by reference to particular courses of study.

(3) But in determining the terms and conditions under subsection (1), the Secretary of State must have regard to the need to protect the institutional autonomy of English higher education providers.

(4) The terms and conditions under subsection (1) must not relate to—

(a) particular parts of courses of study,

(b) the content of such courses,

(d) the criteria for the selection, appointment or dismissal of academic staff, or how they are applied, or

(e) the criteria for the admission of students, or how they are applied.

(5) Terms and conditions under subsection (1) framed by reference to a particular course of study must not require the OfS to perform a function in a way which prohibits or requires the provision of a particular course of study.

(6) Terms and conditions under subsection (1) relating to the provision of financial support by the OfS under section 39 or 40 (financial support for providers) may be imposed only if—

(a) they are requirements to be met before financial support of a specified amount or of a specified description is given by the OfS in respect of activities carried on by an institution, and

(b) they apply to every institution, or every institution within a specified description, in respect of whose activities that support may be provided.

(7) The terms and conditions under subsection (1) may, in particular—

(a) enable the Secretary of State to require the repayment, in whole or in part, of sums paid by the Secretary of State if any of the terms and conditions subject to which the sums were paid is not complied with, and

(b) require the payment of interest in respect of any period during which a sum due to the Secretary of State in accordance with any of the terms and conditions remains unpaid.

(8) In this section “ specified ” means specified in the terms and conditions.

Regulatory framework

75 Regulatory framework _cross-notes_I103

(1) The OfS must, from time to time, prepare and publish a regulatory framework.

(2) The OfS must have regard to it when exercising its functions.

(3) The regulatory framework is to consist of—

(a) ^F7 a statement of how it intends to perform its functions, ...

(b) guidance for registered higher education providers on the general ongoing registration conditions [^F8 , and

(4) The statement under subsection (3)(a) must set out how the OfS intends to perform its functions in relation to a registered higher education provider in proportion to the OfS's assessment of the regulatory risk posed by the provider.

(5) “ Regulatory risk ” means the risk of a breach of the provider's ongoing registration conditions.

(6) Guidance under subsection (3)(b) must include guidance for the purpose of helping to determine whether or not behaviour complies with the general ongoing registration conditions.

(7) The guidance [^F9 under subsection (3)(b) ^F9] may in particular specify—

(a) descriptions of behaviour which the OfS considers compliant with, or not compliant with, a general ongoing registration condition;

(b) factors which the OfS will take into account in determining whether or not behaviour is compliant with a general ongoing registration condition.

[^F10 (7A) Guidance under subsection (3)(c) must include guidance for the purpose of helping to determine whether or not students’ unions are complying with their duties under sections A5 and A6 .

(7B) The guidance under subsection (3)(c) may in particular specify—

(a) what the OfS considers students’ unions need to do to comply with their duties under sections A5 and A6 ;

(b) factors which the OfS will take into account in determining, for the purposes of section 69B, whether or not a students’ union is complying with its duties under those sections. ^F10]

(8) Before publishing a regulatory framework under this section the OfS must consult—

(a) bodies representing the interests of English higher education providers,

(b) ^F11 bodies representing the interests of students on higher education courses provided by English higher education providers, ...

[^F12 (ba) in relation to guidance under subsection (3)(c), such bodies appearing to the OfS to represent the interests of students’ unions as the OfS considers appropriate, and ^F12]

(9) Where a regulatory framework is published, the OfS must send a copy of it to the Secretary of State who must lay it before Parliament.

Supplementary functions

76 Secretary of State's power to confer supplementary functions _I104

(1) The Secretary of State may by regulations confer on the OfS such supplementary functions relating to higher education as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.

(2) A “supplementary function” is a function which—

(a) is exercisable for the purposes of—

(i) the performance by the Secretary of State of the Secretary of State's functions under primary or secondary legislation, or

(ii) the doing by the Secretary of State of anything the Secretary of State has power to do apart from such legislation, and

(b) relates to, or to the activities of, an institution in England which provides, or may provide, higher education.

(3) Subsection (4) applies where—

(a) any land or other property is or was used or held for the purposes of an institution, and

(b) the Secretary of State is entitled to any right or interest in respect of the property, or would be so entitled on the occurrence of any event.

(4) If the institution is an English higher education provider—

(a) the Secretary of State may direct that all or any of the Secretary of State's functions in respect of the property are to be exercisable on the Secretary of State's behalf by the OfS, and

(b) the functions are to be so exercised in accordance with such directions as the Secretary of State may give.

(5) This section does not affect any other powers to confer functions on, or delegate functions to, the OfS.

Directions

77 Secretary of State's power to give directions _I105

(1) The Secretary of State may by regulations give the OfS general directions about the performance of any of its functions.

(2) In giving such directions, the Secretary of State must have regard to the need to protect the institutional autonomy of English higher education providers.

(3) The directions may, in particular, be framed by reference to particular courses of study but, whether or not the directions are framed in that way, they must not relate to—

(a) particular parts of courses of study,

(b) the content of such courses,

(d) the criteria for the selection, appointment or dismissal of academic staff, or how they are applied, or

(e) the criteria for the admission of students, or how they are applied.

(4) Directions under subsection (1) framed by reference to a particular course of study must not direct the OfS to perform a function in a way which prohibits or requires the provision of a particular course of study.

(5) The Secretary of State may also by regulations give the OfSfinancial support directions in relation to a particular registered higher education provider.

(6) Financial support directions may be given only if—

(a) it appears to the Secretary of State that the financial affairs of the provider have been or are being mismanaged, and

(b) the OfS and the provider are consulted by the Secretary of State before the directions are given.

(7) “Financial support directions” are such directions about the provision of financial support under section 39 or 40 in respect of activities carried on by the provider as the Secretary of State considers necessary or expedient because of the mismanagement.

(8) The OfS must comply with any directions given under this section.

Powers of Secretary of State to obtain information and advice

78 Power to require information and advice from the OfS _I106

(1) The OfS must provide the Secretary of State with—

(a) such information regarding any of its functions, or obtained in the performance of any of its functions, as the Secretary of State may require it to provide, and

(b) such advice regarding any of its functions as the Secretary of State may require it to provide.

(2) The OfS must provide information or advice under subsection (1) in such form as the Secretary of State may require.

79 Power to require application-to-acceptance information _I107

(1) The Secretary of State may, by notice, require a body within subsection (2) to provide such application-to-acceptance information as may be described in the notice for use for qualifying research.

(2) A body is within this subsection if it provides services to one or more English higher education providers relating to applications for admission on to higher education courses provided by them.

(3) “ Application-to-acceptance information ” means information relating to—

(a) applying for admission on to higher education courses provided by English higher education providers (including predicted grades),

(b) offers and rejections regarding which individuals are admitted on to those courses, or

(4) “ Qualifying research ” means—

(a) research into the choices available to individuals who are—

(i) applying for admission on to higher education courses provided by English higher education providers, or

(ii) considering whether to accept an offer for admission on such a course from such a provider;

(b) research into equality of opportunity;

(5) The notice under subsection (1) may require the information to be provided—

(a) by a time specified in the notice, and

(b) in a form and manner specified in the notice.

(6) If a body fails to comply with a notice under subsection (1) and does not satisfy the Secretary of State that it is unable to provide the information, the Secretary of State may enforce the duty to comply with the notice in civil proceedings for an injunction or (in Scotland) an interdict.

(7) In this section, “ equality of opportunity ” means equality of opportunity in connection with access to and participation in higher education provided by English higher education providers.

(8) See section 80 regarding the use of information obtained under this section.

80 Use of application-to-acceptance information for research purposes _I108

(1) The Secretary of State may—

(a) use information obtained under section 79 for use for qualifying research, and

(b) provide information obtained under section 79 to an approved person for use for qualifying research.

(2) The Secretary of State or an approved person may publish the product of research conducted using information obtained under section 79 so long as—

(a) a purpose of the Secretary of State or the approved person in publishing it is to provide statistical information,

(b) no individual to whom the information obtained under section 79 relates may be identified from the publication, and

(c) the publication does not include information obtained under section 79 that may be regarded as commercially sensitive.

(3) “ Approved person ” means—

(a) a body approved by the Secretary of State for the purposes of this section that uses or disseminates information for the purpose of research (“an approved body”), or

(b) an individual approved by the Secretary of State or an approved body for the purposes of this section (“an approved researcher”).

(4) An approved body may provide information obtained under section 79 to an approved researcher, but an approved researcher may not provide that information to—

(a) another approved researcher, or

(b) another approved body.

(5) The Secretary of State must publish guidance regarding factors that will be taken into account in deciding whether to approve a body or individual for the purposes of this section.

(6) “ Qualifying research ” has the same meaning as in section 79.

HEFCE and the DFA

81 Higher Education Funding Council for England _I109

The Higher Education Funding Council for England ceases to exist.

82 The Director of Fair Access to Higher Education _I110

The office of Director of Fair Access to Higher Education ceases to exist.

Interpretation

83 Meaning of “English higher education provider” etc _I111

(1) In this Part—

“ English higher education provider ” means a higher education provider whose activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in England;
“ higher education provider ” means an institution which provides higher education;
“ institution ” includes any training provider (whether or not the training provider would otherwise be regarded as an institution);
“ higher education ” means education provided by means of a higher education course;
“ higher education course ” means a course of any description mentioned in Schedule 6 to the Education Reform Act 1988;
“ training provider ” means a person who provides training for members of the school workforce within the meaning of Part 3 of the Education Act 2005(see section 100 of that Act).

(2) In this Part—

(a) “ English further education provider ” means an institution in England within the further education sector, and

(b) references to an institution within the further education sector have the same meaning as in the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 (see section 91(3) of that Act).

(3) In this Part references to a higher education course provided in England are to a higher education course which is provided wholly, or principally, in England.

(4) In this Part references to an institution in a part of the United Kingdom are to an institution whose activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in that part.

(5) Subsection (1) is subject to express provision to the contrary, see—

(a) section 10(9) (mandatory fee limit condition for certain providers),

(b) section 25(4) (rating the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education),

(d) section 38(5) and (6) (duty to monitor etc the provision of arrangements for student transfers).

84 Designation of other providers of higher education _I112

(1) The Secretary of State may, on the application of a provider of higher education within subsection (2), designate the provider for the purposes of this section.

(2) A provider of higher education is within this subsection if—

(a) it provides higher education,

(b) its activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in England, and

(3) A provider of higher education designated under this section is, unless the designation is withdrawn, to be treated for the purposes of any provision made by or under this Part as being an institution.

(4) The Secretary of State may, by regulations, make provision about—

(a) the making of applications for designation;

(b) the making of designations under this section (including provision about matters to be taken into account in determining whether to make a designation);

(c) the withdrawal of a designation (including provision about matters to be taken into account in determining whether to withdraw a designation);

(d) the effect of a withdrawal of a designation (including provision for a provider whose designation is withdrawn to continue to be treated as an institution for purposes prescribed in the regulations).

(5) Subsection (3) is subject to any provision made under subsection (4)(d).

85 Other definitions _I113_,_I114

(1) In this Part—

[^F13 “ academic freedom ” has the meaning given by subsection (6); ^F13]
“ an access and participation plan condition ” has the meaning given by section 12(3);
“ a fee limit condition ” has the meaning given by section 10(2);
[^F14 “ constituent institution ”, in relation to a registered higher education provider, has the same meaning as in Part A1 (see section A4(4)); ^F14]
“ foundation degree ” has the meaning given by section 42(3);
“ foundation degree only authorisation ” has the meaning given by section 42(3);
[^F15 references to freedom of speech have the same meaning as in Part A1 (see section A1(13)); ^F15]
“governing body”—
(a)
in relation to a training provider who, but for the definition of “institution” in section 83(1), would not be regarded as an institution, means any persons responsible for the provider's management;
(b)
in relation to a provider designated under section 84 means any persons responsible for the provider's management;
(c)
in relation to any other institution, has the meaning given by section 90(1) of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992, but subject to any provision made by virtue of section 90(2) of that Act;
“ the institutional autonomy of English higher education providers ” has the meaning given by section 2(8);
[^F16 “ member ”, in relation to a registered higher education provider or a constituent institution of such a provider, has the same meaning as in Part A1 (see sections A1(13) and A4(4));
“ member ”, in relation to a students’ union which is a representative body and not an association (see section 20(1)(b) of the Education Act 1994), means those whom it is the purpose of the union to represent, excluding any student who has signified that they do not wish to be represented by it; ^F16]
“ the register ” has the meaning given by section 3(1);
“ registered higher education provider ” has the meaning given by section 3(10);
[^F17 “ registered higher education provider that is eligible for financial support ” means a registered higher education provider that is an eligible higher education provider for the purposes of section 39; ^F17]
“ registration ” has the meaning given by section 3(10);
“ research award ” has the meaning given by section 42(3);
“ sector-recognised standards ” has the meaning given by section 13(3);
[^F18 “ students’ union ”, in relation to any institution, has the same meaning as it has in Part 2 of the Education Act 1994 in relation to establishments to which that Part applies (see section 20 of that Act); ^F18]
“ taught award ” has the meaning given by section 42(3).

(2) In this Part, “ fees ” in relation to undertaking a course, means fees in respect of, or otherwise in connection with, undertaking the course, including admission, registration, tuition and graduation fees and fees payable for awarding or accrediting a qualification in respect of the course, but excluding—

(a) fees payable for board or lodging,

(b) fees payable for field trips (including any tuition element of such fees),

(d) such other fees as may be prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State.

(3) References in this Part to the ongoing registration conditions of a provider have the meaning given by section 3(8).

(4) For the purposes of this Part an appeal is “pending” during the period—

(a) beginning when it is instituted, and

(b) ending when it is determined, withdrawn or abandoned.

(5) When construing references in this Part to a time when an appeal could be brought, any possibility of an appeal out of time is to be ignored.

[^F19 (6) In this Part, “ academic freedom ”, in relation to academic staff at an institution, means their freedom within the law—

(a) to question and test received wisdom, and

(b) to put forward new ideas and controversial or unpopular opinions,

without placing themselves at risk of being adversely affected in any of the ways described in subsection (7).

(7) Those ways are—

(a) loss of their jobs or privileges at the institution;

(b) the likelihood of their securing promotion or different jobs at the institution being reduced. ^F19]

Part 2 Other education measures

Financial support for students

Prospective

86 Power to make alternative payments

(1) Section 22 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 (power to give financial support to students) is amended in accordance with subsections (2) to (7).

(2) In subsection (1), for “or loans” substitute “ , loans or alternative payments ” .

(3) In subsection (2)—

(a) in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c), for “or loan” substitute “ , loan or alternative payment ” ,

(b) in paragraph (g)—

(i) after “repayment” insert “ , the making of contributions ” , and

(ii) after “loans”, in each place, insert “ or alternative payments ” ,

(d) in paragraph (j), for “or loans”, in each place, substitute “ , loans or alternative payments ” .

(4) After subsection (4) insert—

“ (4A) Regulations under this section may not provide for alternative payments to bear any interest.

(4B) The provision which may be made by virtue of subsection (2)(g) in relation to alternative payments under this section includes provision—

(a) for a recipient of an alternative payment (an “AP recipient”) to be required to make, in such manner, at such times, and to such person or body as may be prescribed from time to time, contributions which together are equal to the aggregate of—

(i) the amount of the alternative payment, and

(ii) the amounts which would be required to be paid by virtue of subsection (3)(a) if the alternative payment were a loan;

(b) for the payment, in respect of amounts overpaid by an AP recipient, of amounts which are the same as the amounts which would be required to be paid by virtue of subsection (3)(c) if the alternative payment were a loan;

(i) during such period as may be prescribed from time to time, or

(ii) in such circumstances as may be so prescribed,

including provision for the cancellation of any further such liability of the recipient in any such circumstances;

(d) in the case of alternative payments in connection with a higher education course, for the cancellation of the entitlement of an AP recipient to receive a sum as part of an alternative payment in such circumstances as may be prescribed by, or determined by the person making the regulations under, the regulations, where the payment of the sum has been suspended;

(e) with respect to sums which an AP recipient receives, or is entitled to receive, as part of an alternative payment after the commencement of the recipient's bankruptcy or the date of the sequestration of the recipient's estate;

(f) with respect to the effect of bankruptcy upon an AP recipient's liability to make contributions in respect of an alternative payment (whether the contributions relate to sums which the recipient receives, or is entitled to receive, before or after the commencement of the bankruptcy);

(g) with respect to sums which an AP recipient receives, or is entitled to receive, as part of an alternative payment before or after a voluntary arrangement under Part 8 of the Insolvency Act 1986 or Part 8 of the Insolvency (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 (individual voluntary arrangements) takes effect in respect of the recipient;

(h) excluding or modifying the application of Part 8 of that Act, or Part 8 of that Order, in relation to liability to make contributions in respect of an alternative payment (whether the contributions relate to sums which the AP recipient receives, or is entitled to receive, before or after a voluntary arrangement takes effect in respect of the recipient);

(i) in relation to England, for contributions made in respect of an alternative payment to be dealt with, with the consent of the Treasury, otherwise than by payment into the Consolidated Fund;

(j) in relation to Wales, for contributions made in respect of an alternative payment to be dealt with otherwise than by payment into the Consolidated Fund. ”

(5) In subsection (5)—

(a) in the opening words, after “loans” insert “ or from AP recipients in respect of alternative payments ” ,

(b) in paragraphs (a)(i) and (c), after “borrowers” insert “ or AP recipients ” ,

(c) in paragraph (d)(ii), at the end insert “ or, in the case of requirements imposed on AP recipients, additional contributions in respect of such periods of the same amounts as the payments which would be required by virtue of this paragraph if the AP recipient were a borrower ” ,

(d) after paragraph (e) insert—

“ (ea) requiring the making by AP recipients, in respect of periods when any contributions due in respect of their alternative payments have not been made, of—

(i) additional contributions of the same amounts as the payments which would be required by virtue of paragraph (e)(i) if the alternative payments were loans, or

(ii) both such additional contributions and one or more surcharges (together with further additional contributions in respect of periods when such surcharges are due but unpaid); ” ,

(e) in paragraph (f)—

(i) after “borrowers” insert “ or AP recipients ” , and

(ii) at the end insert “ or contributions ” , and

(f) in paragraph (h), after “borrowers” insert “ or AP recipients ” .

(6) In subsection (10), after “Interest” insert “ or contributions ” .

(7) After subsection (10), insert—

“ (11) In this section—

(a) references to an alternative payment are to a payment which, in the opinion of the person making the regulations concerned, achieves a similar effect to a loan under this section without including provision for the payment of interest, and

(b) references to a borrower are to a person to whom a loan is made. ”

(8) In section 46 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 (extent etc)—

(a) in subsection (7), in the entry relating to section 22, after “(3)(e)” insert “ , (4B)(e) ” , and

(b) in subsection (8), in the entry relating to section 22, after “or (h)” insert “ , (4B)(e), (f), (g) or (h) ” .

(9) The functions of making any provision authorised by the new subsection (4B)(e) to (h) of section 22 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998(as inserted by subsection (4)) are exercisable in relation to Wales by the Secretary of State (rather than by the Welsh Ministers).

Prospective

87 Section 86: consequential amendments

(1) In section 73E of the Education (Scotland) Act 1980 (supply of information in connection with student loans)—

(a) in subsections (2) and (3)(b), after “loans” insert “ and alternative payments ” , and

(b) in subsection (6)(c)—

(i) in the opening words, after “loans” insert “ and alternative payments ” , and

(ii) in sub-paragraph (ii), after “loans” insert “ or alternative payments ” .

(2) In section 23(7)(a)(i) of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 (functions in respect of which payments are to be made), for “or loans” substitute “ , loans or alternative payments ” .

(3) In section 24 of that Act (supply of information in connection with student support)—

(a) in subsections (2) and (3)(b)(i), after “loans” insert “ and alternative payments ” ,

(b) in subsection (6)(c)—

(i) in the opening words, after “loans” insert “ and alternative payments ” , and

(ii) in sub-paragraph (i), after “loans” insert “ or alternative payments ” , and

(4) In paragraph 15 of Part 2 of Schedule 2 to the Commissioners for Revenue and Customs Act 2005 (restrictions on functions of Commissioners for Revenue and Customs), for “the student loan scheme” substitute “ student support ” .

(5) In Article 5 of the Education (Student Support) (Northern Ireland) Order 1998(S.I. 1998/1760 (N.I. 14) (supply of information in connection with student loans))—

(a) in paragraphs (2) and (3)(b), after “loans” insert “ and alternative payments ” , and

(b) in paragraph (6)(c)—

(i) in the opening words, after “loans” insert “ and alternative payments ” , and

(ii) in head (ii), after “loans” insert “ or alternative payments ” .

88 Other amendments relating to financial support _I115_,_I116

(1) Section 22 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 (power to give financial support for students) is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (2), after paragraph (a) insert—

“ (aa) for the designation of a higher education course for the purposes of this section to be determined by reference to matters determined or published by the Office for Students or other persons (whether before or after the regulations are made); ” .

(3) In subsection (2), after paragraph (f) insert—

“ (fa) in the case of a grant under this section in connection with a higher education course, where a payment has been so suspended, for the cancellation of any entitlement to the payment in such circumstances as may be prescribed by, or determined by the person making the regulations under, the regulations; ” .

(4) After subsection (2), insert—

“ (2A) The provision which may be made by virtue of subsection (2)(b) in respect of higher education courses includes provision prescribing the maximum amount by reference to matters determined or published by the Secretary of State or other persons (whether before or after the regulations are made). ”

(5) In subsection (3), after paragraph (d) insert—

“ (da) in the case of a loan under this section in connection with a higher education course, for the cancellation of the entitlement of a borrower to receive a sum under such a loan in such circumstances as may be prescribed by, or determined by the person making the regulations under, the regulations where the payment of the sum has been suspended; ” .

Student complaints scheme

89 Qualifying institutions for purposes of student complaints scheme

(1) Part 2 of the Higher Education Act 2004 (review of student complaints) is amended in accordance with subsections (2) to (5).

(2) In section 11 (qualifying institutions for purposes of student complaints scheme)—

(a) in the words before paragraph (a), omit “in England or Wales”,

(b) in the opening words of paragraph (a)—

(i) after “university” insert “ in England or Wales ” , and

(ii) after “the 1992 Act” insert “ or section 39 or 93 of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (“ the 2017 Act ”) ” ,

(d) in paragraph (b), after “institution” insert “ in England or Wales ” ,

(e) in paragraph (c), after “institution” insert “ in England or Wales ” ,

(f) in paragraph (d), at beginning insert “ an institution in Wales which is ” ,

(g) after paragraph (d), insert—

“ (da) an institution in England which is a registered higher education provider as defined by section 85 of the 2017 Act (other than one within paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d) of this section); ” ,

(h) in paragraph (e)—

(i) after “institution” insert “ in England or Wales ” , and

(ii) for “another paragraph” substitute “ any of the preceding paragraphs ” ,

(i) after paragraph (e), insert—

“ (ea) an institution in England (other than one within any of the preceding paragraphs of this section) which provides higher education courses leading to the grant of an award by or on behalf of—

(i) another institution in England within another paragraph of this section, or

(ii) the Office for Students where the grant is authorised by regulations under section 51(1) of the 2017 Act; ” , and

(j) in paragraph (f)—

(i) after “institution” insert “ in England or Wales ” , and

(ii) after “the 1992 Act” insert “ or section 42 or 45 of the 2017 Act ” .

(3) In section 12(3) (qualifying complaints), for “paragraph (e)” substitute “ paragraph (da), (e), (ea) ” .

(4) After section 20 insert—

“ 20A Institutions that cease to be qualifying institutions _I117_,_I118_,_I119_,_I120_,_I121

(1) An institution that ceases to be a qualifying institution is a “transitional institution” during the shorter of—

(a) the period of 12 months beginning with the day on which it ceases to be a qualifying institution, and

(b) the period beginning with that day and ending when it becomes a qualifying institution again,

(and the shorter period is referred to in this section as “ the transitional period ”).

(2) For the purposes of this Part, a transitional institution is to be treated as continuing to be a qualifying institution during the transitional period, subject to subsection (3).

(3) A complaint is not a qualifying complaint to the extent that it is about an act or omission of a transitional institution which occurred on or after the day on which the transitional period began.

(4) In section 12(3) (power of designated operator to determine when certain complaints are qualifying complaints), the reference to a qualifying institution within paragraph (da), (e), (ea) or (f) of section 11 includes a transitional institution that was a qualifying institution within the paragraph in question immediately before the beginning of the transitional period. ”

(5) In section 21 (interpretation of Part 2)—

(a) number the existing text as subsection (1),

(b) in that subsection, omit the definition of “governing body”,

“ “ institution ” includes a training provider in England who would not otherwise be regarded as an institution; ” ,

(d) in that subsection, at the end insert—

“ “ training provider ” means a person who provides training for members of the school workforce within the meaning of Part 3 of the Education Act 2005(see section 100 of that Act). ” , and

(e) after that subsection, insert—

“ (2) In this Part “governing body”—

(a) in relation to a training provider in England who, but for the definition of “institution” in subsection (1), would not be regarded as an institution, means any persons responsible for the provider's management;

(b) in relation to a provider of higher education designated under section 84 of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017, means any persons responsible for the provider's management;

(c) in relation to any other institution, has the meaning given by section 90(1) of the 1992 Act, but subject to any provision made by virtue of section 90(2) of that Act. ”

(6) In section 118(8) of the Equality Act 2010 (time limits), in the definition of “qualifying institution”, at the end insert “ , and includes an institution which is treated as continuing to be a qualifying institution for the purposes of Part 2 of that Act (see section 20A(2) of that Act) ” .

(7) In section 32(1) of the Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015(monitoring of performance: further and higher education bodies), in paragraph (a) of the definition of “relevant higher education body”, after “2004” insert “ , disregarding paragraphs (da) and (ea) of that section and the definition of “institution” in section 21(1) of that Act ” .

Deregulation of higher education corporations

90 Higher education corporations in England _I122

Schedule 8 contains provision about higher education corporations in England.

Part 3 Research

Establishment of United Kingdom Research and Innovation

91 United Kingdom Research and Innovation _I123

(1) A body corporate called United Kingdom Research and Innovation or, in Welsh, Ymchwil ac Arloesedd y Deyrnas Unedig, is established.

(2) In this Act that body is referred to as “ UKRI ”.

(3) Section 92 and Schedule 9 contain further provision about UKRI.

92 The Councils of UKRI _I124

(1) UKRI is to have the following committees (referred to in this Part as the “ Councils ”)—

(a) the Arts and Humanities Research Council,

(b) the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council,

(d) the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council,

(e) the Medical Research Council,

(f) the Natural Environment Research Council,

(g) the Science and Technology Facilities Council,

(h) Innovate UK, and

(i) Research England.

(2) The Secretary of State may by regulations amend subsection (1) so as to—

(a) add or omit a Council, or

(b) change the name of a Council.

(3) But the regulations may not omit, or change the name of, Innovate UK or Research England.

(4) Before making regulations under subsection (2), the Secretary of State must consult such persons as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.

(5) UKRI must, if requested to do so by the Secretary of State, carry out such a consultation, on behalf of the Secretary of State, of such persons.

(6) In such a case, UKRI must carry out the consultation in accordance with such directions as the Secretary of State may give.

Research and innovation functions and role of the Councils

93 UK research and innovation functions _I125

(1) UKRI may—

(a) carry out research into science, technology, humanities and new ideas,

(b) facilitate, encourage and support research into science, technology, humanities and new ideas,

(c) facilitate, encourage and support the development and exploitation of science, technology, new ideas and advancements in humanities,

(d) facilitate, encourage and support knowledge exchange in relation to science, technology, humanities and new ideas,

(e) collect, disseminate and advance knowledge in and in connection with science, technology, humanities and new ideas,

(f) promote awareness and understanding of science, technology, humanities and new ideas,

(g) provide advice on any matter relating to any of its functions, and

(h) promote awareness and understanding of its activities.

(2) The activities which UKRI may carry out in, or in connection with, exercising a function conferred by subsection (1) are not restricted to the United Kingdom.

(3) The functions conferred by subsection (1)(a) to (f) include, in particular, power to encourage and support the provision of postgraduate training in science, technology, humanities and new ideas.

(4) For the purposes of this Part, “ knowledge exchange ”, in relation to science, technology, humanities or new ideas, means a process or other activity by which knowledge is exchanged where—

(a) the knowledge is in, or in connection with, science, technology, humanities or new ideas (as the case may be), and

(b) the exchange contributes, or is likely to contribute, (whether directly or indirectly) to an economic or social benefit in the United Kingdom or elsewhere.

(5) Section 94 makes further provision about the giving of financial support under this section.

(6) Sections 95 to 98 provide for UKRI to make arrangements for the exercise of functions by the Councils on UKRI's behalf.

94 Financial support: supplementary provision _I126

(1) The power of UKRI under section 93 to give financial support includes, in particular, power to make grants, loans or other payments.

(2) Financial support may be given by UKRI under that section on such terms and conditions as UKRI considers appropriate.

(3) The terms and conditions may, in particular—

(a) enable UKRI to require the repayment, in whole or in part, of sums paid by UKRI if any of the terms and conditions subject to which the sums were paid is not complied with,

(b) require the payment of interest in respect of any period during which a sum due to UKRI in accordance with any of the terms and conditions remains unpaid, and

(c) require a person to whom financial support is given to provide UKRI with any information it requests for the purpose of the exercise of any of its functions.

(4) In exercising the power under section 93 to give financial support to any person, UKRI must have regard to the desirability of not discouraging the person from maintaining or developing funding from other sources.

95 Exercise of functions by science and humanities Councils _I127

(1) UKRI must arrange for the Council listed in the first column of the following table to exercise such functions of UKRI in respect of the field of activity listed in the corresponding entry in the second column of the table as UKRI may determine.

Council	Field of activity
Arts and Humanities Research Council	Arts and humanities
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council	Biotechnology and biological sciences
Economic and Social Research Council	Social sciences
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council	Engineering and physical sciences
Medical Research Council	Medicine and biomedicine aimed at improving human health
Natural Environment Research Council	Environmental and related sciences
Science and Technology Facilities Council	Astronomy, particle physics, space science, nuclear physics and provision and operation of research facilities in relation to any area of activity specified in this column

(2) Arrangements under this section may, in particular, provide for the exercise by the Council concerned of UKRI's functions under paragraph 8(1) and (2) of Schedule 9 in relation to relevant specialist employees.

(3) A “ relevant specialist employee ”, in relation to a Council, means—

(a) a researcher or scientist employed by UKRI to work in the Council's field of activity (see the table in subsection (1)), or

(b) a person who has knowledge, experience or specialist skills which is or are relevant to the Council's field of activity and is employed by UKRI to work in that field of activity.

(4) Arrangements under this section must require the Council concerned, when exercising any function to which the arrangements relate, to have regard to the desirability of—

(a) contributing (whether directly or indirectly) to economic growth, or an economic benefit, in the United Kingdom,

(b) advancing knowledge (whether in the United Kingdom or elsewhere and whether directly or indirectly) in, or in connection with, science, technology, humanities or new ideas, and

(5) The Secretary of State may by regulations—

(a) amend the first column of the table in subsection (1) in consequence of provision made by regulations under section 92;

(b) amend the second column of that table.

(6) Before making regulations under subsection (5), the Secretary of State must consult such persons as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.

(7) UKRI must, if requested to do so by the Secretary of State, carry out such a consultation, on behalf of the Secretary of State, of such persons.

(8) In such a case, UKRI must carry out the consultation in accordance with such directions as the Secretary of State may give.

96 Exercise of functions by Innovate UK _I128

(1) UKRI must arrange for Innovate UK to exercise such functions of UKRI as UKRI may determine for the purpose of increasing economic growth in the United Kingdom.

(2) But arrangements may not be made under this section for the exercise by Innovate UK of UKRI's function mentioned in section 93(1)(a).

(3) Arrangements under this section must require Innovate UK, when exercising any function to which the arrangements relate, to have regard to—

(a) the need to support (directly or indirectly) persons engaged in business activities in the United Kingdom,

(b) the need to promote innovation by persons carrying on business in the United Kingdom, and

97 Exercise of functions by Research England _I129

(1) UKRI must arrange for Research England to exercise such functions of UKRI as UKRI may determine for the purpose of giving financial support within subsection (2) or (3).

(2) Financial support is within this subsection if it is given to the governing body of an eligible higher education provider in respect of expenditure incurred, or to be incurred, by the provider for the purposes of either or both of the following—

(a) the undertaking of research into, or knowledge exchange in relation to, science, technology, humanities or new ideas by the provider;

(b) the provision of facilities, or the carrying out of other activities, by the provider which its governing body considers it is necessary or desirable to provide or carry out for the purposes of, or in connection with, research into, or knowledge exchange in relation to, science, technology, humanities or new ideas.

(3) Financial support is within this subsection if it is given to any person in respect of expenditure incurred, or to be incurred, by the person for the purposes of the provision by any person of services for the purposes of, or in connection with—

(a) the undertaking of research into science, technology, humanities or new ideas by eligible higher education providers receiving financial support which is within subsection (2), or

(b) the undertaking of knowledge exchange in relation to science, technology, humanities or new ideas by eligible education providers receiving such financial support.

(4) Arrangements under this section must require Research England, when exercising a function for the purpose of giving financial support, to consult such persons as Research England considers appropriate before determining any terms and conditions to be imposed in relation to the financial support.

(5) “ Eligible higher education provider ” has the same meaning as in section 39.

98 Exercise of functions by the Councils: supplementary _I130

(1) UKRI may arrange for any Council to exercise such other functions of UKRI as UKRI may determine in addition to those exercisable by the Council pursuant to arrangements under section 95, 96 or 97 (as the case may be).

(2) Arrangements under subsection (1) may result in a function of UKRI being exercisable by more than one Council.

(3) A function of UKRI which is exercisable by a Council on UKRI's behalf pursuant to arrangements under sections 95 to 97 or subsection (1) may also be exercised by UKRI.

(4) Arrangements under sections 95 to 97 or subsection (1) must require the Council concerned to provide UKRI with such advice or information about the exercise of any function to which the arrangements relate as UKRI may require it to provide.

Strategies and strategic delivery plans

99 UKRI's research and innovation strategy _I131

(1) UKRI must—

(a) if requested to do so by the Secretary of State, prepare a strategy for the exercise of its functions during the period specified in the request, and

(b) submit the strategy to the Secretary of State for approval.

(2) A strategy under subsection (1) is referred to in this Part as a “ research and innovation strategy ”.

(3) A research and innovation strategy must specify—

(a) the period before the end of which each Council must submit a strategic delivery plan to UKRI under section 100, and

(b) the period to which such a plan must relate.

(4) The Secretary of State may approve a research and innovation strategy with or without modifications.

(5) UKRI must publish a research and innovation strategy approved under this section in such manner as the Secretary of State may require it to be published.

100 Councils' strategic delivery plans _I132

(1) This section applies where UKRI publishes a research and innovation strategy under section 99.

(2) UKRI must arrange for each Council to—

(a) prepare a strategic delivery plan for the period specified in the strategy by virtue of section 99(3)(b), and

(b) submit it to UKRI for approval.

(3) The strategic delivery plan must be submitted before the end of the period specified in the strategy by virtue of section 99(3)(a).

(4) A strategic delivery plan is a plan setting out the Council's proposals for the exercise by the Council, during the period to which the plan relates, of functions of UKRI pursuant to arrangements under sections 95 to 98.

(5) UKRI may approve a strategic delivery plan with or without modifications.

(6) UKRI must publish a strategic delivery plan approved under this section in such manner as the Secretary of State may require it to be published.

(7) Arrangements under sections 95 to 98 must require the Council concerned, when exercising any function to which the arrangements relate, to do so in accordance with any relevant strategic delivery plan.

(8) A strategic delivery plan is a “ relevant strategic delivery plan ” for the purposes of subsection (7) if—

(a) it was prepared by the Council concerned and has been approved under this section, and

(b) it relates to the period during which the function concerned is being exercised.

Funding and directions

101 Grants to UKRI from the Secretary of State _I133

(1) The Secretary of State may make grants to UKRI of such amounts, and subject to such terms and conditions, as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.

(2) Where a grant is made in respect of functions exercisable by Research England pursuant to arrangements under section 97, terms and conditions under subsection (1) in respect of those functions may be imposed only if—

(a) they are requirements to be met before financial support of a specified amount or of a specified description is given by Research England in respect of activities carried out by an institution, and

(b) they apply to every institution, or every institution within a specified description, in respect of whose activities that support may be provided.

(3) Where a grant is made in respect of functions exercisable by Research England pursuant to arrangements under section 97, any terms and conditions under subsection (1) in respect of those functions may not be framed by reference to—

(a) particular courses of study or programmes of research (including the contents of courses or programmes and the manner in which they are taught, supervised or assessed), or

(b) the criteria for the selection and appointment of academic staff and for the admission of students.

(4) Terms and conditions under subsection (1) may, in particular—

(a) provide for the allocation of the whole or a part of the grant to a particular Council and for subsequent changes in that allocation,

(b) enable the Secretary of State to require the repayment, in whole or in part, of sums paid by the Secretary of State if any of the terms and conditions subject to which the sums were paid is not complied with, and

(c) require the payment of interest in respect of any period during which a sum due to the Secretary of State in accordance with any of the terms and conditions remains unpaid.

(5) Where the Secretary of State makes a grant to UKRI under subsection (1), the Secretary of State must publish—

(a) the amount of the grant, and

(b) if the terms and conditions of the grant allocate the whole or a part of that amount to a particular Council—

(i) the name of the Council, and

(ii) the amount of the grant which is so allocated to it.

(6) In this section “ specified ” means specified in the terms and conditions.

102 Secretary of State's power to give directions to UKRI _I134

(1) The Secretary of State may give UKRI directions about the allocation or expenditure by UKRI of grants received under section 101.

(2) The Secretary of State may give a direction under this section in respect of functions exercisable by Research England pursuant to arrangements under section 97, only if—

(a) it relates to requirements to be met before financial support of a specified amount or of a specified description is given by Research England in respect of activities carried out by an institution, and

(b) it relates to every institution, or every institution within a specified description, in respect of whose activities that support may be provided.

(3) The Secretary of State may not give a direction under this section in respect of functions exercisable by Research England pursuant to arrangements under section 97 which is framed by reference to—

(a) particular courses of study or programmes of research (including the contents of courses or programmes and the manner in which they are taught, supervised or assessed), or

(b) the criteria for the selection and appointment of academic staff and for the admission of students.

(4) UKRI must comply with any directions given under this section.

(5) In this section “ specified ” means specified in the direction.

103 Haldane principle, balanced funding and advice from UKRI _I135

(1) The Secretary of State must have regard to the matters mentioned in subsection (2) when—

(a) deciding to make a grant under section 101,

(b) determining any terms and conditions of a grant under that section, or

(2) The matters are—

(a) the Haldane principle, where the grant or direction mentioned in subsection (1) is in respect of functions exercisable by one or more of the Councils mentioned in section 95(1) pursuant to arrangements under that section,

(b) the balanced funding principle, in any case, and

(3) The “Haldane principle” is the principle that decisions on individual research proposals are best taken following an evaluation of the quality and likely impact of the proposals (such as a peer review process).

(4) The “balanced funding principle” is the principle that it is necessary to ensure that a reasonable balance is achieved in the allocation of funding as between—

(a) functions exercisable by the Councils mentioned in section 95(1) pursuant to arrangements under that section, and

(b) functions exercisable by Research England pursuant to arrangements under section 97.

General functions

104 General duties _I136

(1) In exercising its functions, UKRI must have regard to the need to use its resources in the most efficient, effective and economic way.

(2) In exercising its functions, including its duty under subsection (1), UKRI must have regard to guidance given to it by the Secretary of State.

105 Power to require information and advice from UKRI _I137

(1) UKRI must provide the Secretary of State with—

(a) such information regarding any of its functions, or obtained in the exercise of any of its functions, as the Secretary of State may require it to provide, and

(b) such advice regarding any of its functions as the Secretary of State may require it to provide.

(2) UKRI must provide information or advice under subsection (1) in such form as the Secretary of State may require it to be provided.

106 Studies for improving economy, efficiency and effectiveness _I138

(1) UKRI may arrange for studies falling within subsection (2) to be promoted or carried out by a person.

(2) Studies fall within this subsection if they are designed to improve economy, efficiency and effectiveness in carrying out activities in respect of which UKRI gives financial support.

(3) A person promoting or carrying out such studies at the request of UKRI (“a researcher”) may require the person carrying out the activities—

(a) to provide the researcher or an authorised person with such information as the researcher may reasonably require for that purpose, and

(b) to make available for inspection, to the researcher or an authorised person, their accounts and such other documents as the researcher may reasonably require for that purpose.

(4) “ Authorised person ” means a person authorised by the researcher.

107 Provision of research services _I139

(1) UKRI may, in connection with any of its functions, provide research services to a person (whether or not in the United Kingdom).

(2) The following are “research services”—

(a) undertaking research into science, technology, humanities or new ideas;

(b) making facilities available for the undertaking of such research by another person;

(3) Research services provided by virtue of this section may be provided subject to such terms and conditions as UKRI considers appropriate.

(4) UKRI may charge for research services provided by virtue of this section.

108 Representing the United Kingdom _I140

UKRI must, if so requested by the Secretary of State, represent the government of the United Kingdom in matters relating to international relations in any field of activity connected to its functions.

Supplementary

109 Predecessor bodies and preservation of symbolic property _I141_,_I142_,_I143_,_I144_,_I145

(1) The following bodies corporate (each a “research council”) cease to exist—

(a) the Arts and Humanities Research Council,

(b) the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council,

(d) the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council,

(e) the Medical Research Council,

(f) the Natural Environment Research Council,

(g) the Science and Technology Facilities Council, and

(h) the Technology Strategy Board.

(2) The Royal Charters establishing the research councils, and any supplemental Royal Charter granted to a council, are revoked.

(3) A property transfer scheme made by the Secretary of State under Schedule 10 in connection with a research council must, in particular, make provision for the transfer of the symbolic property of the council to UKRI.

(4) The symbolic property of a research council is—

(a) the name of, and any other name used by, the council,

(b) any goodwill in a name falling within paragraph (a),

(d) any seal of the council.

110 Amendments to powers to support research

(1) In section 5 of the Science and Technology Act 1965 (further powers of Secretary of State), after subsection (1) insert—

“ (1ZA) The power to give financial support under subsection (1)(a) includes, in particular, power to make a grant, loan or other payment, on such terms and conditions as the relevant authority considers appropriate.

(1ZB) The terms and conditions may, in particular—

(a) enable the relevant authority to require the repayment, in whole or in part, of sums paid by it if any of the terms and conditions subject to which the sums were paid is not complied with,

(b) require the payment of interest in respect of any period during which a sum due to the relevant authority in accordance with any of the terms and conditions remains unpaid, and

(c) require a person to whom financial support is given to provide the relevant authority with any information it requests for the purpose of the exercise of any of its functions.

(1ZC) In subsections (1ZA) and (1ZB), “ the relevant authority ” means—

(a) in the case of the power of the Secretary of State to give financial support under subsection (1)(a), the Secretary of State;

(b) in the case of the power of the Welsh Ministers to give financial support under subsection (1)(a), the Welsh Ministers;

(c) in the case of the power of the Scottish Ministers to give financial support under subsection (1)(a), the Scottish Ministers. ”

(2) In section 10 of the Higher Education Act 2004 (research in arts and humanities), after subsection (4) insert—

“ (5) The powers under this section to give financial support include, in particular, power to make a grant, loan or other payment, on such terms and conditions as the relevant authority considers appropriate.

(6) The terms and conditions may, in particular—

(a) enable the relevant authority to require the repayment, in whole or in part, of sums paid by it if any of the terms and conditions subject to which the sums were paid is not complied with,

(b) require the payment of interest in respect of any period during which a sum due to the relevant authority in accordance with any of the terms and conditions remains unpaid, and

(c) require a person to whom financial support is given to provide the relevant authority with any information it requests for the purpose of the exercise of any of its functions.

(7) In subsections (5) and (6), “ the relevant authority ” means—

(a) in the case of the power under subsection (1)(a), the Secretary of State;

(b) in the case of the power under subsection (2)(a), the Welsh Ministers;

(d) in the case of the power under subsection (4)(a), the Northern Ireland Department having responsibility for higher education. ”

Interpretation

111 Definitions _I146

(1) In this Part—

“ Council ” has the meaning given by section 92;
“ humanities ” includes the arts;
“ knowledge exchange ” has the meaning given by section 93;
“ research and innovation strategy ” has the meaning given by section 99;
“ science ” includes social sciences.

(2) In this Part, a reference to the United Kingdom includes a reference to any part of the United Kingdom.

Part 4 General

(1) The OfS and UKRI may cooperate with one another in exercising any of their functions.

(2) The OfS and UKRI must, if required to do so by the Secretary of State, cooperate with one another in exercising any of their functions.

(3) The OfS may provide information to UKRI if the disclosure is made for the purposes of the exercise of any function of UKRI.

(4) UKRI may provide information to the OfS if the disclosure is made for the purposes of the exercise of any function of the OfS.

(5) Provision of information which is authorised by this section does not breach—

(a) an obligation of confidence owed by the person making the disclosure, or

(b) any other restriction on the provision of information (however imposed).

(6) But nothing in this section authorises the OfS or UKRI to provide information where doing so contravenes [^F20 the data protection legislation^F20] .

[^F21 (7) In this section, “ the data protection legislation ” has the same meaning as in the Data Protection Act 2018 (see section 3 of that Act). ^F21]

113 Joint working _I148

(1) A relevant authority may exercise any of its functions jointly with another relevant authority if the condition in subsection (2) is met.

(2) The condition is that it appears to the relevant authorities concerned that exercising the function jointly—

(a) will be more efficient, or

(b) will enable them more effectively to exercise any of their functions.

(3) In this section “ relevant authority ” means—

(a) the OfS,

(b) UKRI, but only in relation to functions exercisable by Research England pursuant to arrangements made under section 97,

[^F22 (c) the Commission for Tertiary Education and Research, ^F22]

(d) the Scottish Further and Higher Education Funding Council,

(e) the Secretary of State to the extent that the Secretary of State is exercising functions under section 14 of the Education Act 2002 (power to give financial assistance for purposes related to education or children etc),

(f) the Welsh Ministers to the extent that they are exercising their functions under Part 2 of the Learning and Skills Act 2000 (further and sixth form education in Wales), or

(g) the Department for the Economy in Northern Ireland, or the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs in Northern Ireland, in relation to funding higher education, or research, in Northern Ireland but only to the extent that the Department is exercising functions in connection with such funding.

(4) For the purposes of subsection (3)(g), “ higher education ” has the same meaning as in Article 2(2) of the Further Education (Northern Ireland) Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/1772 (N.I. 15)).

114 Advice to Northern Ireland departments _I149

(1) The OfS and UKRI may provide such advisory services as the Department for the Economy in Northern Ireland or the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs in Northern Ireland may require in connection with the discharge of the Department's functions relating to higher education in Northern Ireland.

(2) The services may be provided on such terms as may be agreed.

(3) For the purposes of this section “ higher education ” has the same meaning as in Article 2(2) of the Further Education (Northern Ireland) Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/1772 (N.I. 15)).

115 Transfer schemes

Schedule 10 contains provision about schemes for the transfer of staff and property, rights and liabilities in connection with—

(a) the establishment of the OfS or UKRI by this Act, or

(b) a body or office ceasing to exist by virtue of this Act.

116 Power to make consequential provision etc

(1) The Secretary of State may by regulations make such provision as appears to the Secretary of State to be appropriate in consequence of any provision made by or under this Act.

(2) The power conferred by subsection (1) includes power to amend, repeal, revoke or otherwise modify—

(a) primary or secondary legislation passed or made before this Act or in the same Session as this Act, or

(b) subject to subsections (3) and (4), a Royal Charter granted before this Act is passed or in the same Session as this Act.

(3) Provision may be made under subsection (1) by virtue of subsection (2)(b) only if such provision appears to the Secretary of State to be appropriate in consequence of provision made by or under any of sections 42 to 60 (degree awarding powers and university title).

(4) Provision made under subsection (1) by virtue of subsection (2)(b) may not revoke a Royal Charter in its entirety.

117 Transitional, transitory or saving provision

The Secretary of State may by regulations make such transitional, transitory or saving provision as the Secretary of State considers appropriate in connection with the coming into force of any provision of this Act.

118 Pre-commencement consultation _I150

(1) Subsections (2) and (3) apply in relation to a provision of this Act under or by virtue of which the OfS has a function of consulting another person.

(2) At any time before the provision comes into force (and whether before or after the passing of this Act), the Secretary of State, the DFA or HEFCE or any of them acting jointly—

(a) may carry out any consultation that the OfS would have power or a duty to carry out after the provision comes into force, and

(b) for that purpose, may prepare drafts of any documents to which the consultation relates.

(3) At any time after the provision comes into force, the OfS may elect to treat any consultation carried out or other thing done under subsection (2) by the Secretary of State, the DFA or HEFCE (or any of them acting jointly) as carried out or done by the OfS.

(4) Where the OfS has a consultation function involving registered higher education providers, references to registered higher education providers in the provisions describing the consultees are to be read as references to English higher education providers—

(a) for the purposes of applying subsection (2) at any time when there are no registered higher education providers, and

(b) for the purposes of applying subsection (3) in relation to any thing done under subsection (2) in reliance upon paragraph (a) of this subsection.

(5) For the purposes of subsection (4), “a consultation function involving registered higher education providers” is a function of consulting—

(a) registered higher education providers (whether generally or a description of such providers), or

(b) persons with a connection (however described) to such providers.

(6) In subsections (4) and (5), “ English higher education provider ” and “ registered higher education provider ” have the same meaning as in Part 1 (see sections 83 and 85).

(7) Subsections (8) and (9) apply in relation to a provision of this Act under or by virtue of which UKRI has a function of consulting another person.

(8) At any time before the provision comes into force (and whether before or after the passing of this Act), the Secretary of State or HEFCE or the Secretary of State and HEFCE acting jointly—

(a) may carry out any consultation that UKRI would have power or a duty to carry out after the provision comes into force, and

(b) for that purpose, may prepare drafts of any documents to which the consultation relates.

(9) At any time after the provision comes into force, UKRI may elect to treat any consultation carried out or other thing done under subsection (8) by the Secretary of State or HEFCE (or the Secretary of State and HEFCE acting jointly) as carried out or done by UKRI.

(10) In this section—

“ the DFA ” means the Director of Fair Access to Higher Education;
“ HEFCE ” means the Higher Education Funding Council for England.

119 Regulations

(1) Any power to make regulations under this Act is exercisable by statutory instrument.

(2) A statutory instrument which contains (whether alone or with other provision) any of the following may not be made unless a draft of the instrument has been laid before, and approved by a resolution of, each House of Parliament—

(a) regulations under section 9(1) (prescribed description of providers for whom a transparency condition is mandatory);

(b) regulations under section 15(2) [^F23 or 69B(3) ^F23] (power to impose monetary penalties);

(d) regulations under section 32(1) (content of such a plan: equality of opportunity);

(e) regulations under section 39(3) (prescribed description of providers eligible for financial support);

(f) regulations under section 92(2) (regulations changing the structure of UKRI's Councils);

(g) regulations under section 95(5) (regulations in connection with changes made to structure of UKRI's Councils or changing the fields of activity of the Councils);

(h) regulations under section 116(1) (power to make consequential provision) which include provision that amends, repeals or revokes a provision of primary legislation or of a Royal Charter;

(i) regulations under paragraph 2 or 3 of Schedule 2 (regulations prescribing the higher amount, basic amount or floor amount), except regulations to which paragraph 5(2)(b) of that Schedule applies (regulations increasing the higher amount to an amount greater than that required to maintain its value in real terms).

(3) Any other statutory instrument containing regulations under this Act is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.

(4) But subsection (3) does not apply to regulations under Schedule 2 to which paragraph 5(2)(b) of that Schedule applies (regulations increasing the higher amount to an amount greater than that required to maintain its value in real terms).

(5) Regulations under this Act may—

(a) make different provision for different purposes, cases or areas,

(b) make provision generally or only in relation to specified cases,

(d) include provision framed by reference to matters determined or published by the OfS (whether before or after the regulations are made).

(6) Nothing in this Act is to be regarded as affecting the generality of subsection (5).

(7) This section does not apply to regulations made under section 124 (commencement).

120 Directions

Any power conferred by this Act to give directions includes power, exercisable in the same manner and subject to the same conditions or limitations, to vary or revoke directions previously given.

121 General interpretation

In this Act—

“ notice ” means written notice (and to “ notify ” means to give written notice);
“ the OfS ” has the meaning given by section 1;
“ primary legislation ” means—
(a)
an Act of Parliament;
(b)
an Act of the Scottish Parliament;
(c)
a Measure or Act of the National Assembly for Wales;
(d)
Northern Ireland legislation;
“ secondary legislation ” means an instrument made under primary legislation;
“ UKRI ” has the meaning given by section 91.

122 Minor and consequential amendments _I151_,_I152_,_I153_,_I154_,_I155

(1) Schedule 11 contains minor and consequential amendments relating to Part 1.

(2) Schedule 12 contains minor and consequential amendments relating to Part 3.

123 Extent

(1) Subject to the rest of this section, this Act extends to England and Wales only.

(2) The following provisions also extend to Scotland and Northern Ireland—

(a) section 25 (rating the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education);

(b) sections 79 and 80 (powers to obtain and use application-to-acceptance information);

(d) Part 3 (research);

(e) this Part.

(3) Section 86(9)—

(a) so far as it relates to section 22(4B)(e) of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998, also extends to Scotland and Northern Ireland;

(b) so far as it relates to section 22(4B)(f), (g) and (h) of that Act, also extends to Northern Ireland.

(4) Any amendment or repeal made by this Act has the same extent within the United Kingdom as the enactment amended or repealed.

(5) Subsection (4) does not apply to the amendment made by section 86(4) (power to make alternative payments) which—

(a) so far as it inserts subsection (4B)(e) into section 22 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998, extends to England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland,

(b) so far as it inserts subsection (4B)(f), (g) and (h) into that section, extends to England and Wales and Northern Ireland, and

(6) Subsection (4) does not apply to the amendments and repeals made by paragraph 13 of Schedule 12 to section 41 of the Patents Act 1977 which have the same extent as that section.

124 Commencement

(1) The following provisions of this Part come into force on the day on which this Act is passed—

(a) sections 115 to 117;

(b) sections 119 to 121;

(d) this section;

(e) section 125.

(2) Sections 86, 87 and 88 come into force, so far as relating to a matter specified in an entry in column 1 of the following table, on such day as the person specified in the corresponding entry in column 2 of the table may by regulations made by statutory instrument appoint, after consulting the person (if any) specified in the corresponding entry in column 3 of the table.

TABLE

1. Matters:	2. Commencement by:	3. After consulting:
Powers exercisable by the Welsh Ministers	The Welsh Ministers
Powers exercisable by the Secretary of State concurrently with the Welsh Ministers	The Secretary of State	The Welsh Ministers
Powers exercisable by the Secretary of State in relation to Wales	The Secretary of State	The Welsh Ministers
Other matters	The Secretary of State.

(3) Section 89(2)(h)(ii) and (4) come into force, in relation to Wales, on such day as the Welsh Ministers may by regulations made by statutory instrument appoint.

(4) Section 110 comes into force at the end of the period of two months beginning with the day on which this Act is passed.

(5) The remaining provisions of this Act come into force on such day as the Secretary of State may by regulations made by statutory instrument appoint.

(6) Regulations under this section may appoint different days for different purposes or areas.

125 Short title

(1) This Act may be cited as the Higher Education and Research Act 2017.

(2) This Act is to be included in the list of Education Acts set out in section 578 of the Education Act 1996.

SCHEDULES

Section 1

SCHEDULE 1 The Office for Students

Status

1 _I156 (1) The OfS is not to be regarded—

(a) as the servant or agent of the Crown, or

(b) as enjoying any status, immunity or privilege of the Crown.

(2) The OfS's property is not to be regarded—

(a) as the property of the Crown, or

(b) as property held on behalf of the Crown.

Membership

2 _I157 (1) The OfS is to consist of the following members appointed by the Secretary of State—

(a) a chair (“the chair”),

(b) the Chief Executive Officer,

[^F25 (ca) the Director for Freedom of Speech and Academic Freedom, and ^F25]

(d) at least seven and not more than twelve other members (“the ordinary members”).

(2) The Secretary of State must, in appointing the chair and the ordinary members, have regard to the desirability of the OfS's members (between them) having experience of—

(a) representing or promoting the interests of individual students, or students generally, on higher education courses provided by higher education providers,

(b) providing higher education on behalf of an English higher education provider or being responsible for the provision of higher education by such a provider,

(c) employing graduates of higher education courses provided by higher education providers covering a range of academic and practical disciplines,

(d) promoting choice for consumers or other service users, and encouraging competition, in industry or another sector of society,

(e) creating, reviewing, implementing or managing a regulatory system in industry or another sector of society,

(f) managing or auditing the financial affairs of an organisation, and

(g) a broad range of the different types of English higher education providers.

(3) But at least one of the ordinary members must have experience of representing or promoting the interests of individual students, or students generally, on higher education courses provided by higher education providers.

(4) A person may not be appointed as a member of the OfS if the person is a civil servant.

(5) In this Schedule, “ civil servant ” means a person employed in the civil service of the State.

The Director for Fair Access and Participation

3 _I158 (1) The Director for Fair Access and Participation [^F26 (“the Access and Participation Director”) ^F26] is responsible for—

(a) overseeing the performance of the OfS's access and participation functions,

(b) performing, in accordance with paragraph 11, any of those functions, or other functions, of the OfS which are delegated to the [^F27Access and Participation Director^F27] under that paragraph, and

(2) The [^F28Access and Participation Director^F28] may also report to the other members of the OfS on the measures taken by the OfS to comply with its duty under section 2(1)(e) (duty to have regard to the need to promote equality of opportunity etc) in performing a particular function of the OfS.

(3) For the purposes of this Schedule, the OfS's “access and participation functions” are the functions conferred on it by or under—

(a) section 21 (refusal to renew an access and participation plan),

(b) sections 29 to 34 (access and participation plans),

(d) section 36 (duty to protect [^F29 institutional autonomy ^F29] in performing certain access and participation functions), and

(e) section 37 (power of the Secretary of State to require a report).

[^F30 The Director for Freedom of Speech and Academic Freedom

3A (1) The Director for Freedom of Speech and Academic Freedom (“the Free Speech Director”) is responsible for—

(a) overseeing the performance of the OfS’s free speech functions,

(b) performing, in accordance with paragraph 11, any of those functions, or other functions, of the OfS which are delegated to the Free Speech Director under that paragraph, and

(2) For the purposes of this Schedule, the OfS’s “free speech functions” are—

(a) its functions relating to monitoring and enforcing the registration conditions of registered higher education providers under section 8A, and

(b) its functions under sections 69A to 69E and Schedule 6A. ^F30]

Terms of appointment and tenure of members

4 _I159 (1) A person holds and vacates office as a member of the OfS in accordance with the terms of his or her appointment.

(2) The terms and conditions of a person's appointment as a member of the OfS are to be determined by the Secretary of State; but that is subject to the following provisions of this Schedule.

(3) The matters with which the terms and conditions of a member's appointment may deal include, in particular—

(a) the period for which the member is to hold office;

(b) the member's eligibility for re-appointment;

5 _I160 (1) A person may resign from office as a member of the OfS by notifying the Secretary of State.

(2) The Secretary of State may remove a person from office as a member of the OfS on any of the following grounds—

(a) absence from the OfS's meetings for a continuous period of more than six months without the OfS's permission,

(b) inability or unfitness to carry out the functions of the office, or

(3) If a person appointed as a member of the OfS becomes a civil servant, the person ceases to be a member.

Remuneration etc of members

6 _I161 (1) The OfS must pay to members of the OfS such remuneration as the Secretary of State may determine.

(2) The OfS must pay, or make provision for paying, to or in respect of a person who is or has been a member of the OfS such sums as the Secretary of State may determine in respect of pension, allowances, expenses or gratuities.

(3) If, where a person ceases to be a member of the OfS, the Secretary of State determines that he or she should be compensated because of special circumstances, the OfS must pay him or her compensation of such amount as the Secretary of State may determine.

Staffing of the OfS

7 _I162 (1) The OfS may—

(a) appoint employees, and

(b) make such other arrangements for the staffing of the OfS as it considers appropriate.

(2) The terms and conditions of appointment as employees are to be determined by the OfS with the approval of the Secretary of State.

(3) The OfS must pay its employees such remuneration as the OfS may determine with the approval of the Secretary of State.

(4) The OfS must pay, or make provision for paying, to or in respect of a person who is an employee of the OfS, such sums as the OfS may determine with the approval of the Secretary of State in respect of allowances or expenses.

(5) The OfS may pay, or make provision for paying—

(a) to or in respect of a person who is or has been an employee of the OfS, such sums as the OfS may determine with the approval of the Secretary of State in respect of pensions or gratuities, and

(b) to or in respect of a person who has been an employee of the OfS, such sums as the OfS may determine with the approval of the Secretary of State in respect of allowances or expenses.

(6) In the Superannuation Act 1972 (“ the 1972 Act ”), in Schedule 1 (kinds of employment to which a scheme under section 1 of the 1972 Act can apply), in the list of “Other Bodies”, at the appropriate place insert— “ Office for Students. ”

(7) The OfS must pay to the Minister for the Civil Service, at such times as the Minister may direct, such sums as the Minister may determine in respect of any increase attributable to sub-paragraph (6) in the sums payable out of money provided by Parliament under the 1972 Act.

Committees

8 _I163 (1) The OfS may establish committees, and any committee so established may establish sub-committees.

(2) A committee or sub-committee so established is referred to in this Schedule as an “ OfS committee ”.

(3) An OfS committee may consist of or include persons who are neither members, nor employees, of the OfS.

(4) The OfS must pay such allowances as the Secretary of State may determine to any person who—

(a) is a member of an OfS committee, but

(b) is neither a member, nor an employee, of the OfS.

(5) The OfS must keep under review—

(a) the structure of the OfS committees, and

(b) the scope of each committee's activities.

Procedure

9 _I164 (1) The OfS may determine—

(a) its own procedure, and

(b) the procedure of any OfS committee;

but that is subject to the rest of this paragraph.

(2) The quorum for a meeting of the OfS is half the number of its members.

(3) A representative of the Secretary of State is entitled—

(a) to attend any meeting of the OfS or of any OfS committee, and

(b) to take part in any deliberations (but not in decisions) at such meetings.

(4) The OfS must provide the Secretary of State, or a representative of the Secretary of State, with such copies of documents distributed to its members or to any OfS committee as the Secretary of State or representative may require it to provide.

10 _I165 The validity of any proceedings of the OfS, or of any OfS committee, is not affected by a vacancy or a defective appointment.

Delegation of functions

11 _I166 (1) The OfS may delegate any of its functions to—

(a) a member of the OfS,

(b) an employee of the OfS authorised for that purpose, or

(2) But a function which is one of the OfS's access and participation functions may only be delegated to the [^F31Access and Participation Director^F31] .

(3) A function is delegated under this paragraph to the extent, and on the terms that, the OfS determines.

Accounts and audit

12 _I167 (1) The OfS must—

(a) keep proper accounts and proper records in relation to them, and

(b) prepare a statement of accounts in respect of each financial year.

(2) Each statement of accounts must comply with any directions given by the Secretary of State with the approval of the Treasury as to—

(a) its content and form;

(b) the methods and principles to be applied in preparing it;

(3) The OfS must send a copy of each statement of accounts to the Secretary of State and the Comptroller and Auditor General before the end of August next following the financial year to which the statement relates.

(4) The Comptroller and Auditor General must—

(a) examine, certify and report on each statement of accounts, and

(b) send a copy of each report and certified statement to the Secretary of State.

(5) The Secretary of State must lay before Parliament a copy of each such report and certified statement.

(6) In this Schedule “ financial year ” means—

(a) the period beginning with the date on which the OfS is established and ending with the second 31 March following that date, and

(b) each successive period of 12 months.

Annual report

13 _I168 (1) The OfS must prepare a report on the performance of its functions during each financial year.

(2) The report must include the statement of accounts in respect of that year.

(3) The report must include a statement regarding how the OfS has cooperated with UKRI during that year.

[^F32 (3A) The report must include—

(a) a summary of information received by the OfS pursuant to sections 69D and 69E for that year, and

(b) a summary of conclusions drawn by the OfS for that year, from its monitoring under sections 69D(1) and 69E(1), regarding relevant patterns, trends or other matters which it has identified and which are of concern to the OfS. ^F32]

(4) If, at any time in the financial year to which the report relates, all of the OfS's access and participation functions were not delegated to the [^F33Access and Participation Director^F33] under paragraph 11, the report must include a statement specifying—

(a) the period or periods in that year during which those functions were not delegated to the [^F33Access and Participation Director^F33] , and

(b) the reasons why they were not so delegated.

(5) The report relating to a financial year must be prepared as soon as possible after the end of the financial year.

(6) The OfS must send the report to the Secretary of State.

(7) The Secretary of State must lay the report before Parliament.

Seal and evidence

14 _I169 (1) The application of the OfS's seal must be authenticated by the signature of—

(a) the chair or some other person authorised for that purpose by the OfS, and

(b) one other member of the OfS.

(2) A document purporting to be duly executed under the OfS's seal or signed on its behalf—

(a) is to be received in evidence, and

(b) is to be taken to be executed or signed in that way, unless the contrary is shown.

Supplementary powers

15 _I170 (1) The OfS may do anything (except borrow money) which appears to it to be necessary or expedient for the purpose of, or in connection with, the performance of its functions.

(2) In particular, the OfS may—

(a) acquire and dispose of land and other property,

(b) enter into contracts,

(d) accept gifts of money, land or other property.

Public records

16 _I171 In Part 2 of the Table in paragraph 3 of Schedule 1 to the Public Records Act 1958 (definition of public records), at the appropriate place insert— “ Office for Students. ”

Investigation by the Parliamentary Commissioner

17 _I172 In Schedule 2 to the Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 (departments etc subject to investigation), at the appropriate place insert— “ Office for Students. ”

House of Commons disqualification

18 _I173 In Part 2 of Schedule 1 to the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 (bodies of which all members are disqualified), at the appropriate place insert— “ The Office for Students. ”

Northern Ireland Assembly disqualification

19 _I174 In Part 2 of Schedule 1 to the Northern Ireland Assembly Disqualification Act 1975 (bodies of which all members are disqualified), at the appropriate place insert— “ The Office for Students. ”

Freedom of information

20 _I175 In Part 6 of Schedule 1 to the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (public authorities to which that Act applies), at the appropriate place insert— “ The Office for Students. ”

Public sector equality duty

21 _I176 In Part 1 of Schedule 19 to the Equality Act 2010 (authorities subject to the public sector equality duty), in the group of entries under the heading “Other educational bodies”, at the appropriate place insert— “ The Office for Students. ”

Section 10

SCHEDULE 2 The fee limit

Introduction

1 _I177 (1) This Schedule is about determining the amount of “the fee limit” where a fee limit condition is an ongoing registration condition of a registered higher education provider.

(2) The amount of “ the fee limit ” for the purposes of applying that condition to fees in connection with a qualifying course and in respect of an academic year is determined in the case of each provider and each qualifying course as follows.

(3) References to “the relevant course” and “the relevant academic year” are to that course and year.

The fee limit where the provider has an access and participation plan

2 _I178 (1) This paragraph applies if an access and participation plan approved by the OfS under section 29 in relation to the provider is in force, or comes into force, when the relevant academic year begins.

(2) If the provider—

(a) had a high level quality rating at the relevant time, the fee limit is such limit, not exceeding the higher amount, as is provided by the plan for the relevant course and for the relevant academic year, and

(b) in any other case, the fee limit is such limit, not exceeding the sub-level amount, as is provided by the plan for the relevant course and for the relevant academic year.

(3) “ A high level quality rating ” means such rating or ratings given in accordance with arrangements made under section 25 (rating the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education) as the Secretary of State determines to be a high level quality rating for the purposes of this paragraph.

(4) “ The relevant time ” means at the time when the access and participation plan is approved.

(5) “ The higher amount ” means such amount as may be prescribed for the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(a) as the higher amount.

(6) “ The sub-level amount ” means such amount as may be determined by the Secretary of State for the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(b)—

(a) as the sub-level amount in respect of the higher amount, or

(b) where different amounts are prescribed as the higher amount for different cases or purposes by virtue of section 119(5)(a), as the sub-level amount in respect of each higher amount.

(7) Different amounts may be determined under sub-paragraph (6) for different descriptions of provider.

(8) Those descriptions of provider may be by reference only to—

(a) whether a provider has or has not a rating given to it in accordance with arrangements under section 25, and

(b) where it has such a rating, the level, type or other description of the rating.

(9) Any amount determined as “the sub-level amount”—

(a) must not exceed the higher amount, and

(b) must be equal to or greater than the floor amount.

(10) But any amount determined as “the sub-level amount” for a description of provider by virtue of sub-paragraph (7) must be equal to the higher amount where—

(a) the description is of providers who have a rating given to them in accordance with arrangements under section 25, and

(b) the amount is in respect of an academic year which begins before 1 August 2020.

(11) “ The floor amount ” means such amount as may be prescribed for the purposes of this paragraph—

(a) as the floor amount in respect of the higher amount, or

(b) where different amounts are prescribed as the higher amount for different cases or purposes by virtue of section 119(5)(a), as the floor amount in respect of each higher amount.

(12) Where different amounts are prescribed as the higher amount for different cases or purposes by virtue of section 119(5)(a)—

(a) the reference in sub-paragraph (9)(a) to the higher amount is to the higher amount in respect of which the sub-level amount is determined, and

(b) the reference in sub-paragraph (9)(b) to the floor amount is to the floor amountprescribed under sub-paragraph (11) in respect of that higher amount.

(13) “ Prescribed ” means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State.

The fee limit where the provider has no access and participation plan

3 _I179 (1) This paragraph applies if an access and participation plan approved by the OfS under section 29 in relation to the provider is not in force, and does not come into force, when the relevant academic year begins.

(2) If the provider—

(a) had a high level quality rating within the meaning of paragraph 2 at the relevant time, the fee limit is the basic amount, and

(b) in any other case, the fee limit is the sub-level amount.

(3) ^F34 “ The relevant time ” means on 1 January in the calendar year ... in which the relevant academic year begins.

(4) “ The basic amount ” means such amount as may be prescribed for the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(a) as the basic amount.

(5) “ The sub-level amount ” means such amount as may be determined by the Secretary of State for the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(b)—

(a) as the sub-level amount in respect of the basic amount, or

(b) where different amounts are prescribed as the basic amount for different cases or purposes by virtue of section 119(5)(a), as the sub-level amount in respect of each basic amount.

(6) Different amounts may be determined under sub-paragraph (5) for different descriptions of provider.

(7) Those descriptions of provider may be by reference only to—

(a) whether a provider has or has not a rating given to it in accordance with arrangements under section 25, and

(b) where it has such a rating, the level, type or other description of the rating.

(8) Any amount determined as “the sub-level amount”—

(a) must not exceed the basic amount, and

(b) must be equal to or greater than the floor amount.

(9) But any amount determined as “the sub-level amount” for a description of provider by virtue of sub-paragraph (6) must be equal to the basic amount where—

(a) the description is of providers who have a rating given to them in accordance with arrangements under section 25, and

(b) the amount is in respect of an academic year which begins before 1 August 2020.

(10) “ The floor amount ” means such amount as may be prescribed for the purposes of this paragraph—

(a) as the floor amount in respect of the basic amount, or

(b) where different amounts are prescribed as the basic amount for different cases or purposes by virtue of section 119(5)(a), as the floor amount in respect of each basic amount.

(11) Where different amounts are prescribed as the basic amount for different cases or purposes by virtue of section 119(5)(a)—

(a) the reference in sub-paragraph (8)(a) to the basic amount is to the basic amount in respect of which the sub-level amount is determined, and

(b) the reference in sub-paragraph (8)(b) to the floor amount is to the floor amountprescribed under sub-paragraph (10) in respect of that basic amount.

(12) “ Prescribed ” means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State.

Accelerated courses

4 _I180 (1) The power for regulations to prescribe different amounts for different cases or purposes by virtue of section 119(5)(a) includes power for regulations under paragraph 2 or 3 to prescribe different amounts as the higher amount, basic amount and floor amount in the case of an accelerated course.

(2) An “ accelerated course ” means a higher education course where the number of academic years applicable to the course is at least one fewer than would normally be the case for that course or a course of equivalent content leading to the grant of the same or an equivalent academic award.

Procedure

5 _I181 (1) The Secretary of State must—

(a) notify the OfS of initial and subsequent determinations made under—

(i) paragraph 2(3) (meaning of “ a high level quality rating ” for the purposes of paragraph 2),

(ii) paragraph 2(6) (meaning of “ the sub-level amount ” for the purposes of paragraph 2), or

(iii) paragraph 3(5) (meaning of “ the sub-level amount ” for the purposes of paragraph 3), and

(b) publish those determinations.

(2) No regulations may be made under paragraph 2 increasing the higher amount unless—

(a) the Secretary of State is satisfied that the increase is no greater than is required to maintain the value of the amount in real terms, or

(b) each House of Parliament has passed a resolution that, with effect from a date specified in the resolution, the higher amount should be increased to an amount specified in the resolution, and the increase is an increase to the specified amount with effect from the specified date.

(3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(a), the Secretary of State is to have regard to such index of prices as may be specified in, or determined in accordance with, regulations made by the Secretary of State under this sub-paragraph.

Section 15

SCHEDULE 3 Monetary penalties: procedure, appeals and recovery etc

Introduction

1 _I182 This Schedule applies in relation to the imposition by the OfS of a monetary penalty on a registered higher education provider under section 15.

Procedure

2 _I183 (1) Before imposing a monetary penalty on the provider under that section, the OfS must notify the provider of its intention to do so.

(2) The notice must—

(a) specify the proposed amount of the penalty,

(b) specify the OfS's reasons for proposing to impose the penalty,

(c) specify the period during which the provider may make representations about the proposal (“ the specified period ”), and

(d) specify the way in which those representations may be made.

(3) The specified period must not be less than 28 days beginning with the date on which the notice is received.

(4) The OfS must have regard to any representations made by the provider during the specified period in deciding whether to impose a monetary penalty on it.

(5) Having decided whether or not to impose a monetary penalty, the OfS must notify the provider of its decision.

(6) Where the decision is to impose a monetary penalty, the notice must specify—

(a) the amount of the penalty, and

(b) the period within which the penalty must be paid or the periods within which different portions of the penalty must be paid.

(7) The notice must also contain information as to—

(a) the grounds for imposing the penalty,

(b) how payment may be made,

(d) the period within which an appeal may be made, and

(e) the consequences of non-payment.

(8) The requirement to pay the penalty is suspended at any time when—

(a) an appeal under paragraph 3(1)(a) or (b), or a further appeal, could be brought in respect of the penalty, or

(b) such an appeal is pending.

(9) But that does not prevent the requirement to pay taking effect if the provider notifies the OfS that it does not intend to appeal.

Appeals

3 _I184 (1) The governing body of a provider may appeal to the First-tier Tribunal against—

(a) a decision under section 15 to impose a monetary penalty on the provider;

(b) a decision as to the amount of the penalty.

(2) An appeal under this paragraph may be made on the grounds—

(a) that the decision was based on an error of fact;

(b) that the decision was wrong in law;

(3) On an appeal under this paragraph the Tribunal may—

(a) withdraw the requirement to pay the penalty;

(b) confirm that requirement;

(d) remit the decision whether to confirm the requirement to pay the penalty, or any matter relating to that decision, to the OfS.

Interest and recovery

4 _I185 (1) This paragraph applies if all or part of a monetary penalty imposed on a provider under section 15 is unpaid by the time when it is required to be paid.

(2) The unpaid amount of the penalty for the time being—

(a) carries interest at the rate for the time being specified in section 17 of the Judgments Act 1838, and

(b) does not also carry interest as a judgment debt under that section.

(3) The total amount of interest imposed under sub-paragraph (2) must not exceed the amount of the penalty.

(4) The OfS may recover from the provider, as a civil debt due to it, the unpaid amount of the penalty and any unpaid interest.

Retention of sums received

5 _I186 The OfS must pay the sums received by it by way of a penalty under section 15 or interest under paragraph 4 to the Secretary of State.

Section 27

SCHEDULE 4 Assessing higher education: designated body

Part 1 Designation

Consultation prior to recommendation

1 _I187_C2 (1) The OfS may consult in accordance with sub-paragraph (3) about whether there is a body that is suitable to perform the assessment functions.

(2) The Secretary of State may direct the OfS to consult in accordance with sub-paragraph (3) about whether there is a body that is suitable to perform the assessment functions.

(3) The OfS consults in accordance with this sub-paragraph if it consults—

(a) a number of registered higher education providers that, taken together, appear to the OfS to comprise a broad range of the different types of such providers,

(b) a number of persons that, taken together, appear to the OfS to represent, or promote the interests of, a broad range of students on higher education courses provided in England by registered higher education providers,

(c) a number of persons that, taken together, appear to the OfS to represent, or promote the interests of, a broad range of employers of graduates, and

(d) such other persons as the OfS considers appropriate.

Recommendation

2 _I188 (1) This paragraph applies where the OfS has consulted in accordance with paragraph 1.

(2) The OfS must consider whether there is a body that is suitable to perform the assessment functions.

(3) If the OfS considers that there is only one body that is suitable to perform the assessment functions, the OfS must recommend that body to be designated to perform those functions.

(4) If the OfS considers that there is more than one body that is suitable to perform the assessment functions, the OfS must recommend the most appropriate body to be designated to perform those functions.

(5) “ The most appropriate body ” means, out of those bodies, the body whose designation the OfS considers would be most appropriate for securing the effective assessment of the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education provided by English higher education providers.

(6) If the OfS considers that there is no body that is suitable to perform the assessment functions, the OfS may not recommend a body to be designated to perform those functions.

(7) The OfS must—

(a) notify the Secretary of State of its recommendation or that no recommendation is made, and

(b) publish that notification.

Designation

3 _I189 (1) This paragraph applies where, in accordance with paragraph 2, the OfS recommends that a body (“the recommended body”) be designated to perform the assessment functions.

(2) The Secretary of State may designate the recommended body only if the Secretary of State considers that—

(a) the body is suitable to perform the assessment functions, and

(b) designating the body would be appropriate for securing the effective assessment of the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education provided by English higher education providers.

(3) If the Secretary of State decides to designate the recommended body, the Secretary of State must—

(a) notify the body of the designation before the date on which the designation takes effect (“ the effective date ”), and

(b) publish notice of the designation before that date.

(4) The notice of the designation must state—

(a) the name of the body, and

(b) the effective date.

(5) If the Secretary of State decides not to designate the recommended body, the Secretary of State must publish the reasons for not doing so.

Bodies suitable to perform assessment functions

4 _I190_C3 (1) A body is suitable to perform the assessment functions if the body satisfies conditions A to D.

(2) Condition A is that the body is capable of performing the assessment functions in an effective manner.

(3) Condition B is that—

(a) the persons who determine the strategic priorities of the body represent a broad range of registered higher education providers,

(b) the body commands the confidence of registered higher education providers, and

(4) Condition C is that the body consents to being designated under this Schedule.

(5) Condition D is that the body is a body corporate and is not—

(a) a servant or agent of the Crown, or

(b) a body to which the Secretary of State appoints members.

Removal of designation

5 _I191_C4 (1) The Secretary of State may by notice remove a designation under this Schedule.

(2) The notice must—

(a) include the reasons for the Secretary of State's decision, and

(b) specify the date on which the designation is removed.

(3) The Secretary of State may only remove the designation if—

(a) the Secretary of State is satisfied that removing the designation would be appropriate for securing the effective assessment of the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education provided by English higher education providers,

(b) the Secretary of State is satisfied that the designated body is failing to perform in an effective manner its functions under section 46, or

(4) Before removing the designation the Secretary of State must consult—

(a) the OfS,

(b) a number of registered higher education providers that, taken together, appear to the Secretary of State to comprise a broad range of the different types of such providers,

(c) a number of persons that, taken together, appear to the Secretary of State to represent, or promote the interests of, a broad range of students on higher education courses provided in England by registered higher education providers,

(d) a number of persons that, taken together, appear to the Secretary of State to represent, or promote the interests of, a broad range of employers of graduates, and

(e) such other persons as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.

(5) In determining whether a designation under this Schedule should be removed, the Secretary of State must have regard to any relevant information that the OfS has provided to the Secretary of State.

(6) The Secretary of State must publish a notice under this paragraph.

Part 2 Oversight by the OfS

Application

6 _I192 This Part applies if there is a body designated under this Schedule to perform the assessment functions.

Oversight arrangements

7 _I193 The OfS must make arrangements for holding the designated body to account for the performance of the assessment functions.

Annual report by the designated body

8 _I194 (1) As soon as possible after the end of each annual reporting period, the designated body must prepare and send to the OfS a report about the performance of the assessment functions during the period.

(2) “ Annual reporting period ”, in relation to a designated body, means—

(a) the period of 12 months beginning with the effective date, and

(b) each successive period of 12 months.

Triennial report by the OfS

9 _I195 (1) As soon as possible after the end of each triennial reporting period, the OfS must prepare and send to the Secretary of State a triennial report about—

(a) how the designated body has performed the assessment functions during the period,

(b) whether the designated body should continue to be designated under this Schedule,

(d) any other matters that the OfS considers relevant.

(2) In preparing a triennial report, the OfS must have regard to any views provided to the OfS by a person listed in sub-paragraph (3) about—

(a) the matters listed in sub-paragraph (1)(a) to (c), and

(b) what other matters, if any, should be dealt with in the report.

(3) Those persons are—

(a) registered higher education providers,

(b) persons representing, or promoting the interests of, students on higher education courses provided in England by registered higher education providers,

(d) such other persons as the OfS considers appropriate.

(4) “ Triennial reporting period ”, in relation to a designated body, means—

(a) the period of 3 years beginning with the effective date, and

(b) each successive period of 3 years.

Power of the OfS to give directions

10 _I196 (1) The OfS may give the designated body general directions about the performance of any of the assessment functions.

(2) In giving such directions, the OfS must have regard to the need to protect—

(a) the expertise of the designated body, and

(b) the designated body's ability to make, or make arrangements for, an impartial assessment of the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education provided by a provider.

(3) Such directions must relate to—

(a) English higher education providers or registered higher education providers generally, or

(b) a description of such providers.

(4) The designated body must comply with any directions given under this paragraph.

Duty of the OfS to inform the Secretary of State about significant concerns

11 _I197 The OfS must inform the Secretary of State if it has significant concerns about—

(a) how the designated body is performing the assessment functions, or

(b) the continued suitability of the designated body to carry out those functions.

Part 3 Interpretation

12 _I198 (1) In this Schedule—

“ the assessment functions ” has the meaning given in section 27;
“ designated body ” means a body for the time being designated under this Schedule;
“ the effective date ”, in relation to a designated body, has the meaning given in paragraph 3;
“ graduate ” means a graduate of a higher education course provided in England by a registered higher education provider.

(2) References in this Schedule to a body that is suitable to perform the assessment functions are to be read in accordance with paragraph 4.

Section 61

SCHEDULE 5 Powers of entry and search etc

Power to issue search warrant

1 _I199 (1) A justice of the peace who is satisfied that the requirements in sub-paragraph (3) are met in relation to relevant higher education premises may issue a warrant under this paragraph (a “search warrant”) in respect of the premises.

(2) “ Relevant higher education premises ” means premises in England which—

(a) are occupied by a supported higher education provider or a linked institution in relation to such a provider, and

(b) are used for, or in connection with, the provision of higher education courses by such a provider,

but does not include premises which are used wholly or mainly as a private dwelling.

(3) The requirements of this sub-paragraph are met in relation to premises occupied by a supported higher education provider or a linked institution in relation to such a provider if—

(a) there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that there is, or has been, a breach of a registration condition or funding condition of the provider,

(b) the suspected breach is sufficiently serious to justify entering the premises,

(d) either of the requirements in sub-paragraph (4) is met.

(4) The requirements referred to in sub-paragraph (3)(d) are—

(a) that entry to the premises has been, or it is likely to be, refused;

(b) that requesting entry may frustrate or seriously prejudice the purpose of entry.

(5) References in this Schedule to a registration condition of a supported higher education provider are to an ongoing registration condition of the provider (see section 3(8)).

(6) References in this Schedule to a funding condition of a supported higher education provider are to—

(a) a term or condition subject to which a grant, loan or other payment under section 39 or 40 (financial support for providers) was paid to the provider, or

(b) a condition imposed on the provider by or under regulations made under section 22 of the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 (financial support for students) in connection with the designation of a course for the purposes of that section.

Application for search warrant by an authorised person

2 _I200 (1) A search warrant may be issued only on the application of a person authorised in writing by the OfS or the Secretary of State to exercise the powers conferred by a search warrant (an “authorised person”).

(2) An application for a search warrant in respect of premises may be made without notice being given to—

(a) the supported higher education provider or linked institution occupying the premises, or

(b) any other persons who may be affected by it.

(3) An application for a search warrant in respect of premises must be supported by an information in writing.

(4) An authorised person applying for a search warrant must answer on oath any question that the justice of the peace hearing the application asks the person.

Search warrant

3 _I201 (1) A search warrant must—

(a) specify the name of the authorised person who applied for it,

(b) specify the date on which it is issued,

(d) specify the premises to be searched,

(e) specify the supported higher education provider or linked institution occupying the premises, and

(f) identify, so far as is possible, the suspected breach of a registration condition or funding condition of the provider.

(2) A search warrant may permit or require a constable to accompany an authorised person who is executing it.

(3) A search warrant authorises an authorised person to enter each set of premises specified in the warrant on one occasion only unless it specifies that it authorises multiple entries.

(4) If a search warrant specifies that it authorises multiple entries, it must also specify whether the number of entries authorised is unlimited or limited to a specified maximum.

(5) Two copies must be made of a search warrant that specifies only one set of premises and does not authorise multiple entries.

(6) As many copies as are reasonably required may be made of any other kind of search warrant.

(7) The copies made under sub-paragraphs (5) and (6) must be clearly certified as copies.

Powers conferred by search warrant

4 _I202 (1) A search warrant authorises an authorised person—

(a) to enter the premises specified in the warrant at a reasonable hour,

(b) to search the premises to the extent that is reasonably required for the purpose of determining whether there is, or has been, a breach of a registration condition or funding condition of the relevant supported higher education provider,

(d) for that purpose, to copy documents found on the premises, and

(e) to seize and retain items found on the premises which the authorised person reasonably believes are evidence of a breach of a registration condition or a funding condition of the relevant supported higher education provider.

(2) A search warrant may be executed by any authorised person.

(3) A constable accompanying an authorised person under paragraph 3(2) may, if necessary, use reasonable force to enable the exercise of the powers conferred by the warrant.

(4) An authorised person entering premises under a search warrant may—

(a) be accompanied by such other persons as the authorised person considers necessary, and

(b) take onto the premises such equipment as the authorised person considers necessary.

Entering and searching premises

5 _I203 (1) Where the occupier of the premises to be entered and searched is present at the time when an authorised person seeks to execute a search warrant, the authorised person must—

(a) identify himself or herself to the occupier,

(b) produce to the occupier documentary evidence that he or she is an authorised person,

(d) supply the occupier with a certified copy of it.

(2) Where the occupier of the premises is not present at the time when an authorised person seeks to execute a search warrant—

(a) if another person who appears to the authorised person to be in charge of the premises is present, sub-paragraph (1) has effect as if references to the occupier were references to the other person;

(b) if there is no such person present, the authorised person must leave a certified copy of the warrant in a prominent place on the premises.

(3) An authorised person who enters premises under a search warrant must take reasonable steps to ensure that, when the authorised person leaves the premises, they are as secure as they were before the authorised person entered them.

(4) Entry and search under a search warrant may not take place after the end of the period of one month beginning with the date on which it is issued.

Inspecting, copying, seizing and retaining items

6 _I204 (1) The powers conferred by a search warrant to inspect, copy, seize and retain items found on premises include—

(a) power to require a person on the premises who is holding or accountable for items that are on the premises to produce them,

(b) power to require a person on the premises to provide an explanation of an item or state where an item may be found,

(c) in relation to documents kept by means of a computer, power to require them to be produced in a form in which they are legible and can be taken away, and

(d) power to require a person on the premises to provide such other assistance as the authorised person may reasonably require.

(2) Those powers also include—

(a) power to check the operation of a computer or electronic storage device, and

(b) power to require a person within sub-paragraph (3) to provide the authorised person with such reasonable assistance as the authorised person may require for that purpose.

(3) A person is within this sub-paragraph if the person is—

(a) a person by whom or on whose behalf the computer or device is or has been used, or

(b) a person having charge of, or otherwise concerned with the operation of, the computer or device.

(4) The power conferred by a search warrant to inspect, copy, seize and retain items does not include power to inspect, copy, seize or retain excluded items.

(5) “ Excluded items ” means items that are—

(a) items subject to legal privilege (as defined in section 10 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984);

(b) excluded material (as defined in section 11 of that Act);

(6) If an item is seized from premises in the exercise of powers conferred by a search warrant, the authorised person executing the warrant—

(a) must make reasonable efforts to give a notice to a person who appears to be the occupier of the premises or otherwise to be in charge of the premises (an “affected person”), and

(b) if it is not reasonably practicable to do so, must leave a copy of the notice in a prominent place on the premises.

(7) A notice under sub-paragraph (6) must—

(a) state what has been seized and the reason for its seizure, and

(b) specify which registration condition or funding condition the authorised person believes has been breached.

(8) An authorised person exercising powers under a search warrant must—

(a) make a record of items seized from premises in the exercise of the powers, and

(b) if a person who appears to the authorised person to be an affected person in relation to the premises asks for a copy of that record, provide a copy of that record to that person within a reasonable time.

(9) An item which is seized in the exercise of powers under a search warrant may be retained as long as is necessary in all the circumstances, including for use as evidence on a prosecution for an offence.

(10) An item may not be retained for use as evidence on a prosecution for an offence if a photograph or a copy would be sufficient for that purpose.

(11) Nothing in this paragraph confers power to search a person.

Offence

7 _I205 (1) A person commits an offence if, without reasonable excuse, the person—

(a) intentionally obstructs the exercise of a power conferred by a search warrant, or

(b) fails to comply with a requirement reasonably imposed in the exercise of a power conferred by a search warrant.

(2) A person guilty of an offence under this paragraph is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale.

Self-incrimination

8 _I206 (1) An explanation or information provided by a person in response to a requirement under paragraph 6(1)(b) or (d) or (2)(b) may be used in evidence against the person, subject to sub-paragraphs (2) to (4).

(2) In criminal proceedings against the person—

(a) no evidence relating to the explanation or information may be adduced by or on behalf of the prosecution, and

(b) no question relating to it may be asked by or on behalf of the prosecution.

(3) Sub-paragraph (2) does not apply if the proceedings are for—

(a) an offence under paragraph 7 of this Schedule, or

(b) an offence under section 5 of the Perjury Act 1911 (false statements made otherwise than on oath).

(4) Sub-paragraph (2) does not apply if, in the proceedings—

(a) evidence relating to the explanation or information is adduced by or on behalf of the person who provided it, or

(b) a question relating to it is asked by or on behalf of that person.

Interpretation

9 _I207 (1) In this Schedule—

“ authorised person ” has the meaning given in paragraph 2;
“ document ” means anything in which information of any description is recorded;
“ item ” includes—
(a)
a document;
(b)
a computer or electronic storage device;
“ linked institution ”, in relation to a supported higher education provider, has the meaning given in section 61(3);
“ relevant supported higher education provider ” means—
(a)
in the case of premises occupied by a supported higher education provider, that provider, and
(b)
in the case of premises occupied by a linked institution in relation to a supported higher education provider, that provider;
“ supported higher education provider ” has the meaning given in section 61(2).

(2) For the purposes of this Schedule, references to items found on premises include—

(a) documents stored on computers or electronic storage devices on the premises, and

(b) documents stored elsewhere which can be accessed by computers on the premises.

Section 66

SCHEDULE 6 English higher education information: designated body

Part 1 Designation

Consultation prior to recommendation

1 _I208_C5 (1) The OfS may consult in accordance with sub-paragraph (3) about whether there is a body that is suitable to be designated under this Schedule.

(2) The Secretary of State may direct the OfS to consult in accordance with sub-paragraph (3) about whether there is a body that is suitable to be designated under this Schedule.

(3) The OfS consults in accordance with this sub-paragraph if it consults—

(a) a number of registered higher education providers that, taken together, appear to the OfS to comprise a broad range of the different types of such providers,

(c) a number of persons that, taken together, appear to the OfS to represent, or promote the interests of, a broad range of employers of graduates, and

(d) such other persons as the OfS considers appropriate.

Recommendation

2 _I209 (1) This paragraph applies where the OfS has consulted in accordance with paragraph 1.

(2) The OfS must consider whether there is a body that is suitable to be designated under this Schedule.

(3) If the OfS considers that there is only one body that is suitable to be designated under this Schedule, the OfS must recommend the designation of that body under this Schedule.

(4) If the OfS considers that there is more than one body that is suitable to be designated under this Schedule, the OfS must recommend the designation under this Schedule of whichever one of those bodies it considers appropriate.

(5) If the OfS considers that there is no body that is suitable to be designated under this Schedule, the OfS may not recommend the designation of a body under this Schedule.

(6) The OfS must—

(a) notify the Secretary of State of its recommendation or that no recommendation is made, and

(b) publish that notification.

Designation

3 _I210 (1) This paragraph applies where, in accordance with paragraph 2 the OfS recommends the designation of a body (“the recommended body”) under this Schedule.

(2) The Secretary of State may designate the recommended body for the purposes of sections 64 and 65 only if the Secretary of State considers that the body is suitable to be designated under this Schedule.

(3) If the Secretary of State decides to designate the recommended body, the Secretary of State must—

(a) notify the body of the designation before the date on which the designation takes effect (“ the effective date ”), and

(b) publish notice of the designation before that date.

(4) The notice of the designation must state—

(a) the name of the body, and

(b) the effective date.

(5) If the Secretary of State decides not to designate the recommended body, the Secretary of State must publish the reasons for not doing so.

Bodies suitable to be designated under this Schedule

4 _I211_C6 (1) A body is suitable to be designated under this Schedule if the body satisfies conditions A to D.

(2) Condition A is that the body is capable of performing the duties of the relevant body under sections 64(1) and 65(1) in an effective manner.

(3) Condition B is that—

(a) the persons who determine the strategic priorities of the body represent a broad range of registered higher education providers,

(b) the body commands the confidence of registered higher education providers, and

(4) Condition C is that the body consents to being designated under this Schedule.

(5) Condition D is that the body is a body corporate and is not—

(a) a servant or agent of the Crown, or

(b) a body to which the Secretary of State appoints members.

Removal of designation

5 _I212_C7 (1) The Secretary of State may by notice remove a designation under this Schedule.

(2) The notice must—

(a) include reasons for the Secretary of State's decision, and

(b) specify the date on which the designation is removed.

(3) The Secretary of State may only remove the designation if—

(a) the Secretary of State is satisfied that removing the designation would be appropriate, or

(b) the designated body consents to the removal of the designation.

(4) Before removing the designation the Secretary of State must consult—

(a) the OfS,

(b) a number of registered higher education providers that, taken together, appear to the Secretary of State to comprise a broad range of the different types of such providers,

(d) a number of persons that, taken together, appear to the Secretary of State to represent, or promote the interests of, a broad range of employers of graduates, and

(e) such other persons as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.

(6) The Secretary of State must publish a notice under this paragraph.

Part 2 Oversight by the OfS

Application

6 _I213 This Part applies if there is a body designated under this Schedule.

Oversight arrangements

7 _I214 The OfS must make arrangements for holding the designated body to account for the performance of its duties under sections 64(1) and 65(1).

Annual report by the designated body

8 _I215 (1) As soon as possible after the end of each annual reporting period, the designated body must prepare and send to the OfS a report about the performance of its duties under sections 64(1) and 65(1) during the period.

(2) “ Annual reporting period ”, in relation to a designated body, means—

(a) the period of 12 months beginning with the effective date, and

(b) each successive period of 12 months.

Triennial report by the OfS

9 _I216 (1) As soon as possible after the end of each triennial reporting period, the OfS must prepare and send to the Secretary of State a triennial report about—

(a) how the designated body has performed its duties under sections 64(1) and 65(1) during the period,

(b) whether the designated body should continue to be designated under this Schedule,

(d) any other matters that the OfS considers relevant.

(2) In preparing a triennial report, the OfS must have regard to any views provided to the OfS by a person listed in sub-paragraph (3) about—

(a) the matters listed in sub-paragraph (1)(a) to (c), and

(b) what other matters, if any, should be dealt with in the report.

(3) Those persons are—

(a) registered higher education providers,

(b) persons representing, or promoting the interests of, students on higher education courses provided by registered higher education providers,

(d) such other persons as the OfS considers appropriate.

(4) “ Triennial reporting period ”, in relation to a designated body, means—

(a) the period of 3 years beginning with the effective date, and

(b) each successive period of 3 years.

Duty of the OfS to inform the Secretary of State about significant concerns

10 _I217 The OfS must inform the Secretary of State if it has significant concerns about—

(a) how the designated body is performing its duties under section 64(1) or 65(1), or

(b) the continued suitability of the designated body to be designated under this Schedule.

Part 3 Interpretation

11 _I218 (1) In this Schedule—

“ designated body ” means a body for the time being designated under this Schedule;
“ the effective date ”, in relation to a designated body, has the meaning given in paragraph 3;
“ graduate ” has the same meaning as in section 65.

(2) References in this Schedule to a body that is suitable to be designated under this Schedule are to be read in accordance with paragraph 4.

Section 73

SCHEDULE 7 Costs recovery: procedure, appeals and recovery etc

Introduction

1 _I219 This Schedule applies in relation to the imposition by the OfS of a requirement to pay costs on the governing body of a provider under section 73.

Procedure

2 _I220 (1) The notice which the OfS gives the governing body under section 73(1) must specify—

(a) the amount required to be paid, and

(b) the period within which payment is required to be made (which must not be less than 28 days).

(2) The notice must also contain information as to—

(a) how payment may be made,

(b) rights of appeal,

(d) the consequences of non-payment.

(3) The governing body may require the OfS to provide a detailed breakdown of the amount specified in the notice.

(4) The requirement to pay the costs is suspended at any time when—

(a) an appeal under paragraph 3(1)(a) or (b), or a further appeal, could be brought in respect of the requirement to pay the costs, or

(b) such an appeal is pending.

(5) But that does not prevent the requirement to pay the costs taking effect if the governing body notifies the OfS that it does not intend to appeal.

Appeals

3 _I221 (1) The governing body of a provider may appeal to the First-tier Tribunal against—

(a) a decision under section 73 to require it to pay costs;

(b) a decision as to the amount of those costs.

(2) An appeal under this paragraph may be made on the grounds—

(a) that the decision was based on an error of fact;

(b) that the decision was wrong in law;

(3) On an appeal under this paragraph the Tribunal may—

(a) withdraw the requirement to pay the costs;

(b) confirm that requirement;

(d) remit the decision whether to confirm the requirement to pay the costs, or any matter relating to that decision, to the OfS.

Interest and recovery

4 _I222 (1) This paragraph applies if all or part of an amount of costs that a governing body is required to pay under section 73 is unpaid by the time when it is required to be paid.

(2) The unpaid amount of the costs for the time being—

(a) carries interest at the rate for the time being specified in section 17 of the Judgments Act 1838, and

(b) does not also carry interest as a judgment debt under that section.

(3) The total amount of interest imposed under sub-paragraph (2) must not exceed the amount of the costs.

(4) The OfS may recover from the governing body, as a civil debt due to it, the unpaid amount of the costs and any unpaid interest.

Retention of sums received

5 _I223 (1) The OfS must pay the sums received by it by way of a requirement to pay costs under section 73 to the Secretary of State except to the extent that the Secretary of State, with the consent of the Treasury, directs otherwise.

(2) The OfS must pay the sums received by it by way of interest under paragraph 4 to the Secretary of State.

Section 90

SCHEDULE 8 Higher education corporations in England

Education Reform Act 1988

1 _I224The Education Reform Act 1988 is amended as follows.

2 _I225 In section 122 (orders incorporating higher education institutions maintained by local authorities)—

(a) in the heading, after “local authorities” insert “ in Wales ” , and

(b) in subsection (1), after “local authority” insert “ in Wales ” .

3 Before section 122A insert—

“ 122ZA Orders for further education corporations in England to become higher education corporations _I226

(1) The Secretary of State may by order provide for a further education corporation in England to become a higher education corporation.

(2) The first members of the higher education corporation are to be appointed by the governing body of the further education corporation.

(3) On such date as may be specified in the order—

(a) the corporation ceases to be a further education corporation and becomes a higher education corporation, and

(b) any member of the further education corporation who is not re-appointed by the governing body as a member of the higher education corporation ceases to hold office. ”

4 _I227 In section 122A (orders transferring further education corporations to higher education sector)—

(a) in the heading, after “further education corporations” insert “ in Wales ” , and

(b) in subsection (1), after “further education corporation” insert “ in Wales ” .

5 _I228 In section 123 (provisions supplementary to sections 121 and 122)—

(a) in the heading, for “and 122” substitute “ to 122A ” ,

(b) in subsection (1), after “by virtue of section” insert “ 122ZA or ” , and

6 Before section 124 insert—

“ 123A Principal powers of a higher education corporation in England

(1) A higher education corporation in England has power—

(a) to provide higher education;

(b) to provide further education;

(d) to provide education which is secondary education by virtue of section 2(2B) of the Education Act 1996 (definition of secondary education);

(e) to participate in the provision of secondary education at a school; and

(f) to carry out research and to publish the results of the research or any other material arising out of or connected with it in such manner as the corporation think fit.

(2) A higher education corporation in England may not provide education of a kind specified in subsection (1)(c) or (d) unless they have consulted such local authorities as they consider appropriate.

123B Supplementary powers of a higher education corporation in England _I229

(1) A higher education corporation in England has power to do anything which appears to the corporation to be necessary or expedient for the purpose of, or in connection with, the exercise of any of their principal powers.

(2) The corporation's “principal powers” are the powers conferred by section 123A(1). ”

7 _I230 In section 124 (powers of a higher education corporation)—

(a) in the heading, after “higher education corporation” insert “ in Wales ” , and

(b) in subsections (1), (1A) and (2), after “higher education corporation” insert “ in Wales ” .

8 Before section 124A insert—

“ 124ZA Instrument of government of higher education corporations in England

(1) For each higher education corporation in England there is to be an instrument providing for the constitution of the corporation (to be known as the instrument of government).

(2) A higher education corporation in England may vary, replace or revoke the instrument of government.

(3) The corporation must not make changes to the instrument of government that (but for section 125A) would result in the corporation ceasing to be a charity.

124ZB Proceedings etc. of higher education corporations in England _I231

(1) The validity of any proceedings of a higher education corporation in England, or of a committee of such a corporation, is not affected by—

(a) a vacancy among the members, or

(b) a defect in the appointment or nomination of a member.

(2) The application of the seal of a higher education corporation in England must be authenticated by the signature of—

(a) the chair of the corporation or some other person authorised for that purpose by the corporation, and

(b) any other member of the corporation.

(3) A document purporting to be duly executed under the seal of a higher education corporation in England or signed on the corporation's behalf—

(a) is to be received in evidence, and

(b) is to be taken to be executed or signed in that way, unless the contrary is shown.

(4) The members for the time being of a higher education corporation in England are to be known as the board of governors of the institution conducted by the corporation. ”

9 _I232 In section 124A (constitution and conduct of higher education corporations)—

(a) in the heading, for “corporations” substitute “ higher education corporations in Wales ” , and

(b) in subsections (1), (2), (3)(a) (in each place), (4), (6), (7) and (8), after “higher education corporation” insert “ in Wales ” .

10 _I233 In section 124B(2)(b) (accounts), at the beginning insert “ in the case of a higher education corporation in Wales, ” .

11 _I234 In section 124C (initial and transitional arrangements)—

(a) in the heading, at the end insert “ : Wales ” ,

(b) in subsection (1), after “a corporation” insert “ in Wales ” , and

12 Before section 125 insert—

“ 124E Articles of government: higher education corporations in England _I235

(1) An institution conducted by a higher education corporation in England is to be conducted in accordance with articles of government made by the corporation.

(2) The articles of government may make provision with respect to the powers of the corporation under section 123B.

(3) A higher education corporation in England may vary, replace or revoke the articles of government.

(4) The corporation must not make changes to the articles of government that (but for section 125A) would result in the corporation ceasing to be a charity. ”

13 _I236 In section 125 (articles of government)—

(a) in the heading, at the end insert “ : higher education corporations in Wales ” ,

(b) in subsection (1), after “higher education corporation” insert “ in Wales ” , and

(i) after “higher education corporations” insert “ in Wales ” , and

(ii) after “higher education corporation” insert “ in Wales ” .

14 _I237 In section 125A (charitable status of a higher education corporation)—

(a) for “an English higher education corporation” substitute “ a higher education corporation in England ” , and

(b) for “Welsh higher education corporation” substitute “ higher education corporation in Wales ” .

15 _I238 In section 127(1) (transfer of staff to higher education corporations), after “higher education corporation” insert “ established under section 121 or 122 ” .

16 Before section 128 insert—

“ 127A Dissolution of higher education corporations in England _I239

(1) If requested to do so by notice given by a higher education corporation in England, the Secretary of State may make an order providing for—

(a) the dissolution of the corporation, and

(b) the transfer of property, rights and liabilities of the corporation to—

(i) a person appearing to the Secretary of State to be wholly or mainly engaged in the provision of educational facilities or services of any description;

(ii) a body corporate established for purposes which include the provision of such facilities or services;

(iii) the Office for Students.

(2) An order under this section must not provide for transferring the property, rights or liabilities of a higher education corporation in England to a person or body without the consent of the person or body.

(3) Subsection (4) applies where the recipient of a transfer under an order under this section is not a charity established for charitable purposes which are exclusively educational purposes.

(4) Any property transferred must be transferred on trust to be used for charitable purposes which are exclusively educational purposes.

(5) Before making an order under this section the Secretary of State must consult the Office for Students.

(6) In this section “ charitable purposes ” has the meaning given by section 11 of the Charities Act 2011.

(7) An order under this section may apply section 127 with such modifications as the Secretary of State may consider necessary or desirable. ”

17 _I240 In section 128 (dissolution of higher education corporations)—

(a) in the heading, after “higher education corporations” insert “ in Wales ” , and

(b) in subsections (1)(a), (2) and (4), after “higher education corporation” insert “ in Wales ” .

18 _I241 In section 129(5)(e) (designation of institutions), before “128” insert “ 127A or ” .

19 _I242 In section 157(2)(a) (variation of trust deeds etc: institutions conducted by higher education corporations), after “higher education corporation” insert “ in Wales ” .

20 _I243 In section 161(1) (interpretation of Part 2)—

(a) after paragraph (b) insert—

“ (ba) “ further education corporation in England ” means a further education corporation established to conduct an institution whose activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in England;

(bb) “ further education corporation in Wales ” means a further education corporation established to conduct an institution whose activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in Wales; ” , and

(b) after paragraph (d) insert—

“ (e) “ higher education corporation in England ” means a higher education corporation established to conduct an institution whose activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in England;

(f) “ higher education corporation in Wales ” means a higher education corporation established to conduct an institution whose activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in Wales. ”

21 _I244 In Schedule 7 (the higher education corporations)—

(a) for the heading substitute “ Higher education corporations in Wales established before the appointed day ” , and

(b) in paragraph 1(1), (2) and (3)(a), after “higher education corporation” insert “ in Wales ” .

22 _I245 In Schedule 7A (instruments of government made by Privy Council), for the heading substitute “ Higher education corporations in Wales established on or after the appointed day: instruments of government made by Privy Council ” .

Further and Higher Education Act 1992

23 _I246The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 is amended as follows.

24 _I247 (1) Section 78 (financial years of higher education corporations) is amended as follows.

(2) In the heading, at the end insert “ : Wales ” .

(3) In subsection (1), after “higher education corporations” insert “ in Wales ” .

(4) After subsection (2) insert—

“ (3) In this section “ higher education corporation in Wales ” means a higher education corporation established to conduct an institution whose activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in Wales. ”

25 _I248 In section 90(1) (interpretation of Act), in the definition of “higher education corporation”, after “by virtue of section” insert “ 122ZA or ” .

26 _I249 In section 91 (interpretation of Education Acts), in subsection (6)(b), for “by virtue of section 122A” substitute “ by virtue of section 122ZA or 122A ” .

Section 91

SCHEDULE 9 United Kingdom Research and Innovation

Status

1 _I250 (1) UKRI is not to be regarded—

(a) as the servant or agent of the Crown, or

(b) as enjoying any status, immunity or privilege of the Crown.

(2) UKRI's property is not to be regarded—

(a) as the property of the Crown, or

(b) as property held on behalf of the Crown.

Membership of UKRI

2 _I251 (1) UKRI is to consist of the following members appointed by the Secretary of State—

(a) a chair (“the chair”),

(b) the Chief Executive Officer (“the CEO”),

(d) at least nine and not more than twelve other members.

(2) In this Schedule, references to the “ members of UKRI ” are to the members mentioned in sub-paragraph (1).

(3) The chair may not also be the CEO or the CFO.

(4) Before appointing the members mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(b) to (d), the Secretary of State must consult the chair.

(5) The Secretary of State must, in appointing the members of UKRI, have regard to the desirability of the members (between them) having experience of—

(a) research into science, technology, humanities and new ideas,

(b) the development and exploitation of science, technology, new ideas and advancements in humanities, and

(6) The Secretary of State must, in appointing the members of UKRI, have regard to the desirability of the members including at least one person with relevant experience in relation to at least one of Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

(7) “ Relevant experience ” means experience of one or more of the following—

(a) research into science, technology, humanities or new ideas;

(b) the development or exploitation of science, technology, new ideas or advancements in humanities;

Membership of the Councils

3 _I252 (1) Each Council is to consist of—

(a) an executive chair appointed by the Secretary of State (the “executive chair”), and

(b) at least five and not more than twelve other members (the “ordinary Council members”).

(2) In this Schedule, a reference to the “ Council members ” is to the executive chair and the ordinary Council members of each Council.

(3) The Secretary of State may appoint one of the ordinary Council members of each Council after consulting the chair of UKRI.

(4) The other ordinary Council members are to be appointed by UKRI after consulting the executive chair.

(5) A majority of the ordinary Council members of a Council must be persons who are neither members, nor employees, of UKRI.

Terms of appointment and tenure

4 _I253 A person holds and vacates office as a member of UKRI or as a Council member in accordance with the terms of his or her appointment.

5 _I254 (1) This paragraph applies to a person (a “Ministerial appointee”) appointed as—

(a) a member of UKRI,

(b) an executive chair, or

(2) The terms and conditions of a Ministerial appointee's appointment are to be determined by the Secretary of State; but that is subject to the following provisions of this Schedule.

(3) A Ministerial appointee may resign from office as a member of UKRI, executive chair or an ordinary Council member by notifying the Secretary of State.

(4) The Secretary of State may remove a Ministerial appointee from office on any of the following grounds—

(a) absence from UKRI's or the Council's meetings, as the case may be, for a continuous period of more than six months without UKRI's or the Council's permission,

(b) inability or unfitness to carry out the functions of the office, or

6 _I255 (1) This paragraph applies to a person (an “UKRI appointee”) appointed as an ordinary Council member where the appointment was made by UKRI.

(2) The terms and conditions of an UKRI appointee's appointment are to be determined by UKRI; but that is subject to the following provisions of this Schedule.

(3) An UKRI appointee may resign from office as an ordinary Council member by notifying UKRI.

(4) UKRI may remove an UKRI appointee from office on any of the following grounds—

(a) absence from the Council's meetings for a continuous period of more than six months without the Council's permission,

(b) inability or unfitness to carry out the functions of the office, or

Remuneration etc

7 _I256 (1) UKRI must pay to members of UKRI and Council members such remuneration as the Secretary of State may determine.

(2) UKRI must pay, or make provision for paying, to or in respect of a person who is or has been a member of UKRI or a Council member, such sums as the Secretary of State may determine in respect of pension, allowances, expenses or gratuities.

(3) If, where a person ceases to be a member of UKRI or a Council member, the Secretary of State determines that he or she should be compensated because of special circumstances, UKRI must pay him or her compensation of such amount as the Secretary of State may determine.

Staffing of UKRI

8 _I257 (1) UKRI may—

(a) appoint employees, and

(b) make such other arrangements for the staffing of UKRI as it considers appropriate.

(2) The terms and conditions of appointment as employees are to be determined by UKRI with the approval of the Secretary of State.

(3) UKRI must pay its employees such remuneration as UKRI may determine with the approval of the Secretary of State.

(4) UKRI must pay, or make provision for paying, to or in respect of a person who is an employee of UKRI, such sums as UKRI may determine with the approval of the Secretary of State in respect of allowances or expenses.

(5) UKRI may pay, or make provision for paying—

(a) to or in respect of a person who is or has been an employee of UKRI, such sums as UKRI may determine with the approval of the Secretary of State in respect of pensions or gratuities, and

(b) to or in respect of a person who has been an employee of UKRI, such sums as UKRI may determine with the approval of the Secretary of State in respect of allowances or expenses.

(7) UKRI must pay to the Minister for the Civil Service, at such times as the Minister may direct, such sums as the Minister may determine in respect of any increase attributable to sub-paragraph (6) in the sums payable out of money provided by Parliament under the 1972 Act.

Executive Committee

9 _I258 (1) UKRI must establish a committee called “the Executive Committee”.

(2) The Executive Committee is to consist of—

(a) the CEO, who is to be its chair,

(b) the CFO,

(d) such other members as the CEO may appoint.

(3) Those appointed under sub-paragraph (2)(d)—

(a) must be employees of UKRI, and

(b) if they cease to be such employees, may not continue as members appointed under that provision.

(4) The Executive Committee may establish sub-committees, and a sub-committee so established is referred to in this Schedule as an “ Executive sub-committee ”.

(5) An Executive sub-committee may include persons who are not members of UKRI, Council members or employees of UKRI.

(6) UKRI must pay such allowances as the Secretary of State may determine to any person who—

(a) is a member of an Executive sub-committee, but

(b) is not a member of UKRI, a Council member or an employee of UKRI.

Other committees and sub-committees

10 _I259 (1) UKRI may establish committees (in addition to the Councils and the Executive Committee).

(2) A committee established under sub-paragraph (1) may establish sub-committees.

(3) A committee or sub-committee established under sub-paragraph (1) or (2) is referred to in this Schedule as a “ general committee ”.

(4) A Council may establish sub-committees and a sub-committee so established is referred to in this Schedule as a “ Council sub-committee ”.

(5) A general committee and a Council sub-committee may include persons who are not members of UKRI, Council members or employees of UKRI.

(6) UKRI must pay such allowances as the Secretary of State may determine to any person who—

(a) is a member of a general committee or a Council sub-committee, but

(b) is not a member of UKRI, a Council member or an employee of UKRI.

(7) UKRI must keep under review—

(a) the structure of the general committees, and

(b) the scope of each such committee's activities.

(8) Each Council must keep under review—

(a) the structure of its Council sub-committees, and

(b) the scope of each such sub-committee's activities.

Procedure

11 _I260 (1) UKRI, a Council and the Executive Committee may each determine their own procedure and the procedure of any relevant committee.

(2) “ Relevant committee ” means—

(a) in the case of UKRI, a general committee,

(b) in the case of a Council, a Council sub-committee established by it, and

(3) But sub-paragraph (1) is subject to the rest of this paragraph.

(4) The quorum for a meeting of UKRI or a Council is half the number of its members.

(5) The Secretary of State, or a representative of the Secretary of State, is entitled—

(a) to attend any meeting of UKRI or of any Council, Council sub-committee or general committee, and

(b) to take part in any deliberations (but not in decisions) at such meetings.

(6) UKRI must provide the Secretary of State, or a representative of the Secretary of State, with such copies of documents distributed to its members or to any general committee as the Secretary of State or the representative may require it to provide.

(7) A Council must provide the Secretary of State, or a representative of the Secretary of State, with such copies of documents distributed to its members or to any Council sub-committee as the Secretary of State or the representative may require it to provide.

12 _I261 The validity of any proceedings of UKRI, or of any Council, Council sub-committee or general committee, or of the Executive Committee or any Executive sub-committee, is not affected by a vacancy or a defective appointment.

Delegation of functions by UKRI

13 _I262 (1) UKRI may delegate any of its functions to—

(a) a member of UKRI,

(b) an employee authorised for that purpose,

(d) a general committee.

(2) A function is delegated under this paragraph to the extent, and on the terms that, UKRI determines.

Accounts and audit

14 _I263 (1) UKRI must—

(a) keep proper accounts and proper records in relation to them, and

(b) prepare a statement of accounts in respect of each financial year.

(2) Each statement of accounts must comply with any directions given by the Secretary of State with the approval of the Treasury as to—

(a) its content and form;

(b) the methods and principles to be applied in preparing it;

(3) UKRI must send a copy of each statement of accounts to the Secretary of State and the Comptroller and Auditor General before the end of August next following the financial year to which the statement relates.

(4) The Comptroller and Auditor General must—

(a) examine, certify and report on each statement of accounts, and

(b) send a copy of each report and certified statement to the Secretary of State.

(5) The Secretary of State must lay before Parliament a copy of each such report and certified statement.

(6) In this Schedule “ financial year ” means—

(a) the period beginning with the date on which UKRI is established and ending with the second 31 March following that date, and

(b) each successive period of 12 months.

Annual report

15 _I264 (1) UKRI must prepare a report on the exercise of its functions during each financial year.

(2) The report must include the statement of accounts in respect of that year.

(3) The report must include a statement regarding how UKRI has cooperated with the OfS during that year.

(4) The report relating to a financial year must be prepared as soon as possible after the end of the financial year.

(5) UKRI must send the report to the Secretary of State.

(6) The Secretary of State must lay the report before Parliament.

Seal and evidence

16 _I265 (1) The application of UKRI's seal must be authenticated by the signature of—

(a) a member of UKRI, or

(b) another person authorised for that purpose by UKRI.

(2) A document purporting to be duly executed under UKRI's seal or signed on its behalf—

(a) is to be received in evidence, and

(b) is to be taken to be executed or signed in that way, unless the contrary is shown.

(3) But this paragraph does not apply in relation to any document which is, or is to be, signed in accordance with the law of Scotland.

Supplementary powers

17 _I266 (1) UKRI may do anything which appears to it to be necessary or expedient for the purpose of, or in connection with, the exercise of its functions.

(2) In particular, UKRI may—

(a) acquire and dispose of land and other property,

(b) enter into contracts, and

(3) But UKRI may do any of the following only in accordance with terms and conditions specified from time to time by the Secretary of State—

(a) borrow money;

(b) enter into joint ventures;

(d) invest sums.

Public records

18 _I267 In Part 2 of the Table in paragraph 3 of Schedule 1 to the Public Records Act 1958 (definition of public records), at the appropriate place insert— “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation. ”

Investigation by the Parliamentary Commissioner

19 _I268 In Schedule 2 to the Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 (departments etc subject to investigation), at the appropriate place insert— “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation. ”

House of Commons disqualification

20 _I269 In Part 2 of Schedule 1 to the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 (bodies of which all members are disqualified), at the appropriate place insert— “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation (“UKRI”), any Council or other committee of UKRI and any sub-committee of such a Council or committee (see section 92 of, and paragraphs 9 and 10 of Schedule 9 to, the Higher Education and Research Act 2017). ”

Northern Ireland Assembly disqualification

21 _I270 In Part 2 of Schedule 1 to the Northern Ireland Assembly Disqualification Act 1975 (bodies of which all members are disqualified), at the appropriate place insert— “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation (“UKRI”), any Council or other committee of UKRI and any sub-committee of such a Council or committee (see section 92 of, and paragraphs 9 and 10 of Schedule 9 to, the Higher Education and Research Act 2017). ”

Freedom of information

22 _I271 In Part 6 of Schedule 1 to the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (public authorities to which that Act applies), at the appropriate place insert— “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation. ”

Public sector equality duty

23 _I272 In Part 1 of Schedule 19 to the Equality Act 2010 (authorities subject to the public sector equality duty), in the group of entries under the heading “Industry, business, finance etc”, at the end insert— “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation. ”

Section 115

SCHEDULE 10 Transfer schemes

Transfer schemes

1 (1) The Secretary of State may make one or more property transfer schemes or staff transfer schemes in connection with—

(a) the establishment of the OfS or UKRI by this Act, or

(b) any of the following ceasing to exist by virtue of this Act—

(i) the Higher Education Funding Council for England,

(ii) the office of Director of Fair Access to Higher Education, or

(iii) a research council listed in section 109(1).

(2) In this Schedule, a “ permitted transferor ” means the Secretary of State or a body or office listed in sub-paragraph (1)(b).

(3) A “property transfer scheme” is a scheme for the transfer from a permitted transferor of any property, rights or liabilities, other than rights or liabilities under or in connection with a contract of employment, to a permitted transferee.

(4) A “staff transfer scheme” is a scheme for the transfer from a permitted transferor of any rights or liabilities under or in connection with a contract of employment to a permitted transferee.

(5) In this Schedule, a “ permitted transferee ” means—

(a) the OfS,

(b) UKRI,

(d) such other person as may be specified by the Secretary of State in the scheme.

Supplementary

2 (1) The things that may be transferred under a property transfer scheme or a staff transfer scheme include—

(a) property, rights and liabilities that could not otherwise be transferred;

(b) property acquired, and rights and liabilities arising, after the making of the scheme;

(2) A property transfer scheme or a staff transfer scheme may make supplementary, incidental, transitional or consequential provision and may, in particular—

(a) create rights, or impose liabilities, in relation to property or rights transferred;

(b) make provision about the continuing effect of things done by the permitted transferor in respect of anything transferred;

(c) make provision about the continuation of things (including legal proceedings) in the process of being done by, or on behalf of, or in relation to, the permitted transferor in respect of anything transferred;

(d) make provision for references to the permitted transferor in an instrument or other document in respect of anything transferred to be treated as references to the permitted transferee.

(3) A property transfer scheme may make provision for the shared ownership or use of property.

(4) A staff transfer scheme may make provision which is the same as or similar to the TUPE regulations.

(5) A property transfer scheme or a staff transfer scheme may provide—

(a) for the scheme to be modified by agreement after it comes into effect, and

(b) for any such modifications to have effect from the date when the original scheme comes into effect.

Interpretation

3 (1) For the purposes of this Schedule—

(a) an individual who holds employment in the civil service is to be treated as employed by virtue of a contract of employment, and

(b) the terms of the individual's employment in the civil service are to be regarded as constituting the terms of the contract of employment.

(2) In this Schedule—

(a) “ civil service ” means civil service of the State;

(b) “ TUPE regulations ” means the Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/246);

Section 122

SCHEDULE 11 Minor and consequential amendments relating to Part 1

Public Records Act 1958

1 _I273 In Part 2 of the Table in paragraph 3 of Schedule 1 to the Public Records Act 1958 (definition of public records), omit—

(a) “Director of Fair Access to Higher Education.”, and

(b) “Higher Education Funding Council for England.

Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967

2 _I274 In Schedule 2 to the Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 (departments etc subject to investigation), omit—

(a) “The Director of Fair Access to Higher Education.”, and

(b) “Higher Education Funding Council for England.

Superannuation Act 1972

3 _I275 In Schedule 1 to the Superannuation Act 1972(kinds of employment to which a scheme under section 1 of the 1972 Act can apply), omit—

(a) “Employment by the Director of Fair Access to Higher Education.”, and

(b) “Higher Education Funding Council for England.”

House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975

4 _I276 In Part 3 of Schedule 1 to the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 (disqualifying offices), omit—

(a) “Director of Fair Access to Higher Education.”, and

(b) “Any member of the Higher Education Funding Council for England in receipt of remuneration.

Education (No. 2) Act 1986

5 _I277 (1) Section 43 of the Education (No. 2) Act 1986 (freedom of speech in universities etc) is amended as follows.

(2) After subsection (4) insert—

“ (4A) The establishments in England to which this section applies are—

(a) any registered higher education provider;

(b) any establishment of higher or further education which is maintained by a local authority;

(3) In subsection (5), after “The establishments” insert “ in Wales ” .

(4) In subsection (6), in the definition of “governing body”, for “in relation to any university” substitute “ —

(a) in relation to a registered higher education provider, has the meaning given by section 85(1) of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017;

(b) in relation to a university in Wales, ” .

(5) In subsection (6), after the definition of “governing body” insert—

“ “ registered higher education provider ” has the meaning given by section 3(10) of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017; ” .

(6) After subsection (6) insert—

“ (6A) For the purposes of this section—

(a) an establishment is taken to be in England if its activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in England;

(b) an establishment is taken to be in Wales if its activities are carried on, or principally carried on, in Wales. ”

(7) In subsection (7)(a), after “subsection” insert “ (4A)(b) or ” .

Education Reform Act 1988

6 _I278The Education Reform Act 1988 is amended as follows.

^F35 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

^F36 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9 _I279 In section 129(1) (designation of institutions), for “a higher education funding council” substitute “ the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales ” .

10 _I280 (1) Section 133 (payments in respect of persons employed in the provision of higher or further education) is amended as follows.

(2) In the heading, omit “by Polytechnics and Colleges Funding Council”.

(3) In subsection (1)—

(a) for “A higher education funding council shall” substitute “ The Office for Students and the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales each ” , and

(b) for “the council” substitute “ they ” .

^F37 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Further and Higher Education Act 1992

12 _I281The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 is amended as follows.

13 _I282 In section 61 (interpretation of Part 1), omit subsection (3)(b).

14 _I283 (1) Section 62 (establishment of the Higher Education Funding Councils) is amended as follows.

(2) In the heading, for “The Higher Education Funding Councils” substitute “ The Higher Education Funding Council for Wales ” .

(3) In subsection (1)—

(a) omit paragraph (a), and

(b) in paragraph (b), after “them” insert “ (referred to in this Act as “ the HEFCW ”) ” .

(4) Omit subsection (2).

(5) In subsection (4), for “a council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(6) Omit subsections (5) and (6).

(7) In subsection (7)—

(a) omit “institutions in England or”,

(b) in paragraph (a), omit “England or, as the case may be,”, and

(8) In subsection (7A), for “each council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(9) In subsection (8), for “one of the councils” substitute “ the HEFCW or the Office for Students ” .

(10) In subsection (9), for “each of the councils” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

15 _I284 (1) Section 65 (administration of funds by councils) is amended as follows.

(2) In the heading, for “councils” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(3) In subsection (1)—

(a) for “Each council” substitute “ The HEFCW ” , and

(b) for “the council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(4) In subsection (2)(a), for “the council's” substitute “the HEFCW's”.

(5) In subsection (3)—

(a) for “A council” substitute “ The HEFCW ” , and

(b) for “the council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(6) In subsection (3A)—

(a) for “a Council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” , and

(b) for “the Council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(7) In subsection (3B), for “the Council in question” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(8) In subsection (4)—

(a) for “a council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” , and

(b) for “the council”, in each place, substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

16 _I285 (1) Section 66 (administration of funds: supplementary) is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (1)—

(a) for “a council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” , and

(b) for “the council”, in each place, substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(3) In subsections (2) and (3), for “a council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(4) In subsection (4), for “the council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

^F38 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 _I286 (1) Section 69 (supplementary functions) is amended as follows.

^F39 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

^F39 (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) In subsection (2), for “Each council” substitute “ The HEFCW ” .

^F39 (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

^F39 (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

^F39 (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 _I287 Omit section 70 (England: assessment of quality of education provided by institutions).

^F40 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21 _I288 Omit section 79A (Higher Education Funding Council for England's power to request information from institutions that are exempt charities).

22 _I289 (1) Section 81 (directions) is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (1), for “each council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(3) In subsection (2), for “a council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

(4) In subsection (3), for “the council”, in each place, substitute “ the HEFCW ” .

23 _I290 (1) Section 82 (joint exercise of functions) is amended as follows.

(2) Omit subsections (1) to (1B).

(3) In subsection (2), for “Great Britain” substitute “ Wales and Scotland ” .

(4) In subsection (2A), after “Scottish” insert “ Further and ” .

(5) In subsection (3)(a)—

(a) for “a higher education funding council” substitute “ the HEFCW ” ,

(b) for “the National Assembly of Wales” substitute “ the Welsh Ministers ” ,

(d) after “Scottish” insert “ Further and ” .

24 _I291 In section 83 (efficiency studies), in subsection (1B), for “A higher education funding council” substitute “ The HEFCW ” .

^F41 25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26 _I292 (1) Section 92 (index) is amended as follows.

(2) Omit the entry for “council (in Part 2), or higher education funding council”.

^F42 (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) For “institution in England or in Wales (in relation to higher education funding councils)” substitute “ institution in Wales (in relation to the HEFCW) ” .

Education Act 1994

27 _I293 (1) Section 18 of the Education Act 1994 (power to reimburse certain payments to persons formerly employed in teacher training) is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (1), for “A higher education funding council” substitute “ The Office for Students or the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales ” .

(3) In subsection (4)—

(a) for “a higher education funding council” substitute “ the Office for Students or (as the case may be) the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales ” , and

(b) for “the council” substitute “ they ” .

Education Act 1996

28 _I294 In section 13 of the Education Act 1996 (local authorities' general responsibility for education), for subsection (2)(b) substitute—

“ (b) the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales, or

Freedom of Information Act 2000

29 _I295_,_I296 (1) Schedule 1 to the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (public authorities to which that Act applies) is amended as follows.

(2) In Part 4 (educational institutions), in paragraph 53(1)—

(a) after paragraph (a) insert—

“ (aa) a registered higher education provider of a description prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State for the purposes of section 39(1) of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017, ” ,

(b) in paragraph (c), after “institution” insert “ in Wales ” , and

(c) in paragraph (e), after “institution of” insert “ a registered higher education provider which falls within paragraph (aa) or ” .

(3) In Part 4, in paragraph 53(2)—

(a) after paragraph (a) insert—

“ (aa) “ registered higher education provider ” has the meaning given by section 3(10) of the Higher Education and Research Act 2017, ” , and

(b) in paragraph (c), after “paragraph (c),” insert “ the reference to an institution in Wales is to be construed in accordance with section 62(7) of that Act, and ” .

(4) In Part 6 (other public bodies), omit—

(a) “The Director of Fair Access to Higher Education.”, and

(b) “The Higher Education Funding Council for England.

Higher Education Act 2004

30 _I297 (1) The Higher Education Act 2004 is amended as follows.

(2) Omit sections 22 to 41 and Schedule 5 (student fees and fair access).

(3) In section 47 (orders and regulations)—

(a) in subsection (3), omit paragraphs (a) and (c), and

(b) omit subsection (4).

(4) In section 48 (general interpretation), omit the definition of “the 2005 Act”.

(5) In Schedule 6 (consequential amendments)—

(a) omit paragraph 1 (amendment to the Public Records Act 1958),

(b) in paragraph 4 (amendment to the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975), omit “ “Director of Fair Access to Higher Education.””, and

(c) in paragraph 10 (amendment to the Freedom of Information Act 2000), omit “ “The Director of Fair Access to Higher Education.””

Education Act 2005

31 _I298 (1) The Education Act 2005 is amended as follows.

(2) In section 92 (joint exercise of functions)—

(a) in subsection (2), for “Higher Education Funding Council for England” substitute “ Office for Students ” , and

(b) omit subsection (5).

(3) In Schedule 14, omit paragraphs 26 to 35 (which amend provisions of Part 3 of the Higher Education Act 2004 which are repealed by this Schedule).

Equality Act 2010

32 _I299 In Part 1 of Schedule 19 to the Equality Act 2010 (authorities subject to public sector equality duty), omit “The Higher Education Funding Council for England.

Education Act 2011

33 _I300 In the Education Act 2011, omit the following (which amend provisions of Part 3 of the Higher Education Act 2004 which are repealed by this Schedule)—

(a) section 77;

(b) paragraphs 18 to 29 of Schedule 5;

Charities Act 2011

34 _I301 In Part 2 of Schedule 7 to the Charities Act 2011, omit paragraph 97 (which amends section 40 of the Higher Education Act 2004 which is repealed by this Schedule).

Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015

35 _I302 In section 32(5)(b) of the Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015(monitoring of performance: further and higher education bodies) for “Higher Education Funding Council for England” substitute “ Office for Students ” .

Section 122

SCHEDULE 12 Minor and consequential amendments relating to Part 3

Geological Survey Act 1845

1 _I303 In section 1 of the Geological Survey Act 1845 (power of persons employed in geological survey to enter land), for “the Natural Environment Research Council”, in both places, substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” .

Mining Industry Act 1926

2 _I304 In section 23 of the Mining Industry Act 1926 (facilities to be given when shafts or boreholes are sunk)—

(a) in the heading, for “Department of Scientific and Industrial Research” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” ,

(b) in subsection (1), for “the National Environment Research Council” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” , and

Public Records Act 1958

3 _I305 In Part 2 of the Table in paragraph 3 of Schedule 1 to the Public Records Act 1958 (definition of public records), omit the following entries— “ Arts and Humanities Research Council. ” “ Economic and Social Research Council. ” “ Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. ” “ Medical Research Council. ” “ Natural Environment Research Council. ” “ Technology Strategy Board. ”

Science and Technology Act 1965

4 _I306_,_I307_,_I308 (1) The Science and Technology Act 1965 is amended as follows.

(2) In section 1 (the research councils)—

(a) in subsection (1), omit paragraphs (a) and (b) (and the “and” after paragraph (b)),

(b) also in subsection (1), in paragraph (c), omit “other”, and

(3) In section 2 (expenses and accounts of research councils)—

(a) omit subsection (4), and

(b) in subsection (5)—

(i) for the words from “, in the case” to “expenses of the Council” substitute “ the expenses of a Research Council ” , and

(ii) omit “in section 1(2) or (3) above or”.

(4) In section 3 (re-allocation of activities connected with scientific research)—

(a) omit subsections (1) to (3), and

(b) in subsection (5), omit the words from “; and the provisions” to the end.

(5) Omit Schedule 3 (transitional provisions).

Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967

5 _I309_,_I310 In Schedule 2 to the Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 (departments etc subject to investigation), omit the following entries— “ Arts and Humanities Research Council. ” “ Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. ” “ Economic and Social Research Council. ” “ Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. ” “ Medical Research Council. ” “ Natural Environment Research Council. ” “ Science and Technology Facilities Council. ” “ Technology Strategy Board. ”

Agriculture Act 1967

6 _I311 In section 50(3) of the Agriculture Act 1967 (provisions on control of sale not to apply to transfers to and from persons listed), for paragraph (f) substitute—

“ (f) United Kingdom Research and Innovation, ” .

Conservation of Seals Act 1970

7 _I312 (1) The Conservation of Seals Act 1970 is amended as follows.

(2) In each of the following provisions, for “the Council” substitute “ UKRI ”

(a) section 3(1) (consultation before orders prohibiting killing seals),

(b) section 10(3)(a) (consultation before granting licence to kill etc),

(d) section 13 (duty to give advice on management of seal populations).

(3) In section 15 (interpretation)—

(a) omit the definition of “the Council”, and

(b) at the end insert—

“ “ UKRI ” means United Kingdom Research and Innovation. ”

Prospective

Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons Act 1970

8 In section 24 of the Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons Act 1970 (institute of hearing research), for “the Medical Research Council” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” .

Mineral Exploration and Investment Grants Act 1972

9 _I313 In section 1(3) of the Mineral Exploration and Investment Grants Act 1972 (conditions for making contributions in respect of mineral exploration), for “the Natural Environment Research Council” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” .

Supply Powers Act 1975

10 _I314 In section 7 of the Supply Powers Act 1975 (interpretation), in paragraph (a) of the definition of “articles required for the public service”, after “Civil Aviation Authority” insert “ , United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” .

House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975

11 _I315_,_I316 In Part 3 of Schedule 1 to the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 (disqualifying offices), omit the following entries— “ Chair or Chief Executive of the Science and Technology Facilities Council. ” “ Chair, Deputy Chair or Chief Executive of the Technology Strategy Board. ” “ Chairman, Deputy Chairman or Chief Executive of the Arts and Humanities Research Council. ” “ Chairman, Deputy Chairman, or Chief Executive of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. ” “ Chairman, Deputy Chairman or Chief Executive of the Economic and Social Research Council. ” “ Chairman, Deputy Chairman or Chief Executive of the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. ” “ Chairman, Deputy Chairman or Chief Executive of the Medical Research Council. ” “ Chairman, Deputy Chairman or Chief Executive of the Natural Environment Research Council. ”

Northern Ireland Assembly Disqualification Act 1975

12 _I317_,_I318 In Part 2 of Schedule 1 to the Northern Ireland Assembly Disqualification Act 1975 (bodies of which all members are disqualified), omit the following entry— “ The Advisory Board for the Research Councils. ”

Patents Act 1977

13 _I319 In section 41(3) of the Patents Act 1977 (assignment of right in patent)—

(a) after “Where the Crown” insert “ , United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” ,

(b) for “or, as the case may be, Research Council” substitute “ , United Kingdom Research and Innovation or the Research Council (as the case may be) ” , and

Further Education Act 1985

14 _I320 In section 2(4)(a) of the Further Education Act 1985 (cases in which requirement that goods or services supplied at open market value disapplied), for the words from “the Arts” to “2004)” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” .

Water Resources Act 1991

15 _I321 (1) The Water Resources Act 1991 is amended as follows.

(2) In section 198 (information about underground water)—

(a) in subsection (1), for “the Natural Environment Research Council” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation (“UKRI”) ” ,

(b) in subsection (2)(a), for “the Natural Environment Research Council” substitute “ UKRI ” ,

(d) in subsection (4), for “the Natural Environment Research Council” substitute “ UKRI ” .

(3) In section 205 (confidentiality of information about underground water)—

(a) in subsection (1)—

(i) for “the Natural Environment Research Council” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation (“UKRI”) ” , and

(ii) for “that Council” substitute “ UKRI ” , and

(b) in subsections (2) and (4)—

(i) for “the Natural Environment Research Council” substitute “ UKRI ” , and

(ii) for “that Council” substitute “ UKRI ” .

Scotland Act 1998

16 _I322_,_I323 (1) In Part 2 of Schedule 5 to the Scotland Act 1998 (specific reservations) section C12 is amended as follows.

(2) In the heading, at the beginning insert “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation and ” .

(3) After the heading insert the following entry— “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation. ”

(4) In the entry beginning “The subject-matter of section 5”, after “relating to” insert “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation and ” .

(5) Omit the entry relating to the Arts and Humanities Research Council.

(6) In the entry beginning “The subject-matter of section 10”—

(a) for “that Act” substitute “ the Higher Education Act 2004 ” , and

(b) for “that Council” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” .

Northern Ireland Act 1998

17 In Schedule 3 to the Northern Ireland Act 1998 (reserved matters), for paragraph 35A substitute—

“ 35A _I324 United Kingdom Research and Innovation. ”

Freedom of Information Act 2000

18 _I325 In Part 6 of Schedule 1 to the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (public authorities to which that Act applies), omit the following entries— “ The Arts and Humanities Research Council. ” “ The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. ” “ The Economic and Social Research Council. ” “ The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. ” “ The Medical Research Council. ” “ The Natural Environment Research Council. ” “ The Science and Technology Facilities Council. ” “ The Technology Strategy Board. ”

Higher Education Act 2004

19 _I326 Omit sections 1 to 9 of the Higher Education Act 2004 (which establish and make provision in relation to the Arts and Humanities Research Council).

Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006

20 _I327 In paragraph 9(a) of Part 2 of Schedule 5 to the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006(application of enforcement provisions for the purposes of the Conservation of Seals Act 1970), for “the Natural Environment Research Council” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” .

Government of Wales Act 2006

21 _I328The Government of Wales Act 2006 is amended as follows.

22 _I329 (1) Schedule 3A (functions exercisable concurrently or jointly with the Welsh Ministers) (which is inserted by the Wales Act 2017) is amended as follows.

(2) In the Table in paragraph 1(2), in the entry relating to the Science and Technology Act 1965, in the column headed “Functions”, after “relating to” insert “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation and ” .

23 _I330 In paragraph 5 of Part 1 of Schedule 7 (Acts of the National Assembly for Wales: subject of education and training), before “Research Councils” insert “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation and ” .

24 _I331_,_I332 (1) In Part 2 of Schedule 7A (specific reservations) (which is inserted by the Wales Act 2017), Section C11 (Research Councils) is amended as follows.

(2) In the heading, at the beginning insert “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation and ” .

(3) In paragraph 87—

(a) at the beginning insert “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation (“UKRI”), and ” , and

(b) after “relating to” insert “ UKRI and ” .

(4) In paragraph 88—

(a) omit “Arts and Humanities Research Council within the meaning of Part 1 of the Higher Education Act 2004, and the”,

(b) for “that Act” substitute “ the Higher Education Act 2004 ” , and

Marine (Scotland) Act 2010 (asp 5)

25 _I333 In sections 116(1), 117, 118(2), 120(1), 121(1), 125 and 129(2)(b) of the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010 (duties on Scottish Ministers to consult), for “the Natural Environment Research Council” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” .

Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011 (nawm 1)

26 _I334 (1) The table in Schedule 6 to the Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011 (public bodies etc: standards) is amended as follows.

(2) In the English language text, omit the entries relating to—

(a) the Arts and Humanities Research Council,

(b) the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council,

(d) the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council,

(e) the Medical Research Council,

(f) the Natural Environment Research Council, and

(g) the Science and Technology Facilities Council.

(3) In the Welsh language text, omit the entries relating to—

(a) Cyngor Cyfleusterau Gwyddoniaeth a Thechnoleg,

(b) Cyngor Ymchwil Biotechnoleg a Gwyddorau Biolegol,

(d) Y Cyngor Ymchwil Meddygol,

(e) Cyngor Ymchwil Peirianneg a Gwyddorau Ffisegol,

(f) Cyngor Ymchwil yr Amgylchedd Naturiol, and

(g) Y Cyngor Ymchwil i‘r Celfyddydau a‘r Dyniaethau.

(4) In the English language text, insert at the appropriate place under the heading “ general ”

“ United Kingdom Research and Innovation (“ Ymchwil ac Arloesedd y Deyrnas Unedig ”)	Service delivery standards
	Policy making standards
	Operational Standards
	Record keeping standards ”

(5) In the Welsh language text, insert at the appropriate place under the heading “ cyffredinol ”

“ “Ymchwil ac Arloesedd y Deyrnas Unedig (“ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ”)	Safonau cyflenwi gwasanaethau
	Safonau llunio polisi
	Safonau gweithredu
	Safonau cadw cofnodion ”

Antarctic Act 2013

27 _I335 (1) In section 10(4) of the Antarctic Act 2013 (the Crown), in paragraph (a), for “the Natural Environment Research Council” substitute “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation ” .

(2) Subsections (2) and (3) of section 34 of the Antarctic Act 1994(power to extend to the Channel Islands, Isle of Man and British overseas territories) apply in relation to section 10 of the Antarctic Act 2013 as amended by sub-paragraph (1).

Public Service Pensions Act 2013

28 (1) Schedule 10 to the Public Service Pensions Act 2013 (public bodies whose pension schemes must be restricted) is amended as follows.

(2) After paragraph 14 insert—

“ 15 _I336 United Kingdom Research and Innovation. ”

Psychoactive Substances Act 2016

29 _I337 In paragraph 4 of Schedule 2 to the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 (exempted activities), in paragraph (b)(iii) of the definition of “relevant ethics review body”, at the beginning insert “ United Kingdom Research and Innovation or ” .

footnote	commentary	in force status	related provisions	geo extent	insert/omit	source count
C1	S. 75 modified (temp.) (1.1.2018) by The Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (Transitory Provisions) Regulations 2017 (S.I. 2017/1145) , regs. 1(2) , 2
C2	Sch. 4 para. 1 modified (temp.) (1.1.2018) by The Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (Transitory Provisions) Regulations 2017 (S.I. 2017/1145) , regs. 1(2) , 3
C3	Sch. 4 para. 4 modified (temp.) (1.1.2018) by The Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (Transitory Provisions) Regulations 2017 (S.I. 2017/1145) , regs. 1(2) , 3
C4	Sch. 4 para. 5 modified (temp.) (1.1.2018) by The Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (Transitory Provisions) Regulations 2017 (S.I. 2017/1145) , regs. 1(2) , 3
C5	Sch. 6 para. 1 modified (temp.) (1.1.2018) by The Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (Transitory Provisions) Regulations 2017 (S.I. 2017/1145) , regs. 1(2) , 3
C6	Sch. 6 para. 4 modified (temp.) (1.1.2018) by The Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (Transitory Provisions) Regulations 2017 (S.I. 2017/1145) , regs. 1(2) , 3
C7	Sch. 6 para. 5 modified (temp.) (1.1.2018) by The Higher Education and Research Act 2017 (Transitory Provisions) Regulations 2017 (S.I. 2017/1145) , regs. 1(2) , 3
F1	S. 23(4)-(9) inserted (28.6.2022) by Skills and Post-16 Education Act 2022 (c. 21) , ss. 18 , 36(2)				inserted
F2	Words in s. 63(6) substituted (25.5.2018) by Data Protection Act 2018 (c. 12) , s. 212(1) , Sch. 19 para. 213(2) (with ss. 117 , 209 , 210 ); S.I. 2018/625 , reg. 2(1)(g)		this amendment (text substituted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		substituted
F3	Words in s. 63(7) inserted (25.5.2018) by Data Protection Act 2018 (c. 12) , s. 212(1) , Sch. 19 para. 213(3) (with ss. 117 , 209 , 210 ); S.I. 2018/625 , reg. 2(1)(g)		this amendment (text inserted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		inserted
F4	Ss. 67A-67C and cross-headings inserted (28.6.2022) by Skills and Post-16 Education Act 2022 (c. 21) , ss. 33 , 36(2)				inserted
F5	S. 69B inserted (11.5.2023 for specified purposes) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , ss. 7(1) , 13(1)(a) (3)	text inserted for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.			inserted	check commentary
F6	Ss. 69D , 69E inserted (11.5.2023 for specified purposes) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , ss. 9(2) , 13(1)(b) (3)	text inserted for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.			inserted	check commentary
F6	Ss. 69D , 69E inserted (11.5.2023 for specified purposes) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , ss. 9(2) , 13(1)(b) (3)	text inserted for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.			inserted	check commentary
F7	Word in s. 75(3)(a) omitted (11.7.2023) by virtue of Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(2) , Sch. para. 9(2)(a)				omitted
F8	S. 75(3)(c) and word inserted (11.7.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(2) , Sch. para. 9(2)(b)				inserted
F9	Words in s. 75(7) inserted (11.7.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(2) , Sch. para. 9(3)				inserted
F10	S. 75(7A) (7B) inserted (11.7.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(2) , Sch. para. 9(4)				inserted
F11	Word in s. 75(8)(b) omitted (11.7.2023) by virtue of Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(2) , Sch. para. 9(5)(a)				omitted
F12	S. 75(8)(ba) inserted (11.7.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(2) , Sch. para. 9(5)(b)				inserted
F13	Words in s. 85(1) inserted (11.5.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(1)(f) , Sch. para. 11(2)(a)				inserted
F14	Words in s. 85(1) inserted (11.5.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(1)(f) , Sch. para. 11(2)(b)				inserted
F15	Words in s. 85(1) inserted (11.5.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(1)(f) , Sch. para. 11(2)(c)				inserted
F16	Words in s. 85(1) inserted (11.5.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(1)(f) , Sch. para. 11(2)(d)				inserted
F17	Words in s. 85(1) inserted (11.5.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(1)(f) , Sch. para. 11(2)(e)				inserted
F18	Words in s. 85(1) inserted (11.5.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(1)(f) , Sch. para. 11(2)(f)				inserted
F19	S. 85(6) (7) inserted (11.5.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(1)(f) , Sch. para. 11(3)				inserted
F20	Words in s. 112(6) substituted (25.5.2018) by Data Protection Act 2018 (c. 12) , s. 212(1) , Sch. 19 para. 214(2) (with ss. 117 , 209 , 210 ); S.I. 2018/625 , reg. 2(1)(g)		this amendment (text substituted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		substituted
F21	S. 112(7) inserted (25.5.2018) by Data Protection Act 2018 (c. 12) , s. 212(1) , Sch. 19 para. 214(3) (with ss. 117 , 209 , 210 ); S.I. 2018/625 , reg. 2(1)(g)		this amendment (text inserted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		inserted
F22	S. 113(3)(c) substituted (1.8.2024) by The Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 (Consequential Amendments) Order 2024 (S.I. 2024/433) , arts. 1(3) , 6 ; S.I. 2024/806 , art. 2(b) (with art. 28 )		this amendment (text substituted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		substituted
F23	Words in s. 119(2)(b) inserted (11.5.2023 for specified purposes) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , ss. 7(2) , 13(1)(a) (3)	text inserted for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.			inserted	check commentary
F24	Word in Sch. 1 para. 2(1)(c) omitted (14.8.2023) by virtue of Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(3) , Sch. para. 12(2)(a) ; S.I. 2023/809 , reg. 2(d)				omitted
F25	Sch. 1 para. 2(1)(ca) inserted (14.8.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(3) , Sch. para. 12(2)(b) ; S.I. 2023/809 , reg. 2(d)				inserted
F26	Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(1) substituted (14.8.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(3) , Sch. para. 12(3)(a) ; S.I. 2023/809 , reg. 2(d)				substituted
F27	Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(1)(b) substituted (14.8.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(3) , Sch. para. 12(3)(b) ; S.I. 2023/809 , reg. 2(d)				substituted
F28	Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(2) substituted (14.8.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(3) , Sch. para. 12(3)(b) ; S.I. 2023/809 , reg. 2(d)				substituted
F29	Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(3)(d) substituted (14.8.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(3) , Sch. para. 12(3)(c) ; S.I. 2023/809 , reg. 2(d)				substituted
F30	Sch. 1 para. 3A and cross-heading inserted (14.8.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , ss. 10 , 13(3) ; S.I. 2023/809 , reg. 2(a)				inserted
F31	Words in Sch. 1 para. 11(2) substituted (14.8.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(3) , Sch. para. 12(4) ; S.I. 2023/809 , reg. 2(d)				substituted
F32	Sch. 1 para. 13(3A) inserted (11.5.2023 for specified purposes) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , ss. 9(3) , 13(1)(b) (3)	text inserted for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.			inserted	check commentary
F33	Words in Sch. 1 para. 13(4) substituted (14.8.2023) by Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act 2023 (c. 16) , s. 13(3) , Sch. para. 12(5) ; S.I. 2023/809 , reg. 2(d)				substituted
F34	Words in Sch. 2 para. 3(3) omitted (28.6.2022) by virtue of Skills and Post-16 Education Act 2022 (c. 21) , ss. 34 , 36(2)				omitted
F35	Sch. 11 para. 7 omitted (1.8.2024) by virtue of Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 (asc 1) , s. 148(2) , Sch. 4 para. 38(2) (with s. 19 ); S.I. 2024/806 , art. 3(c)(vii) (with art. 28 )		this amendment (text omitted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		omitted
F36	Sch. 11 para. 8 omitted (1.8.2024) by virtue of Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 (asc 1) , s. 148(2) , Sch. 4 para. 38(2) (with s. 19 ); S.I. 2024/806 , art. 3(c)(vii) (with art. 28 )		this amendment (text omitted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		omitted
F37	Sch. 11 para. 11 omitted (1.8.2024) by virtue of Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 (asc 1) , s. 148(2) , Sch. 4 para. 38(2) (with s. 19 ); S.I. 2024/806 , art. 3(c)(vii) (with art. 28 )		this amendment (text omitted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		omitted
F38	Sch. 11 para. 17 omitted (1.8.2024) by virtue of Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 (asc 1) , s. 148(2) , Sch. 4 para. 38(2) (with s. 19 ); S.I. 2024/806 , art. 3(c)(vii) (with art. 28 )		this amendment (text omitted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		omitted
F39	Sch. 11 para. 18 omitted (1.8.2024 to the extent it omits Sch. 11 para. 18(2)(3)(5)-(7)) by virtue of Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 (asc 1) , s. 148(2) , Sch. 4 para. 38(2) (with s. 19 ); S.I. 2024/806 , art. 3(c)(vii) (with art. 28 )		this amendment (text omitted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		omitted
F40	Sch. 11 para. 20 omitted (1.8.2024) by virtue of Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 (asc 1) , s. 148(2) , Sch. 4 para. 38(2) (with s. 19 ); S.I. 2024/806 , art. 3(c)(vii) (with art. 28 )		this amendment (text omitted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		omitted
F41	Sch. 11 para. 25 omitted (1.8.2024) by virtue of Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 (asc 1) , s. 148(2) , Sch. 4 para. 38(2) (with s. 19 ); S.I. 2024/806 , art. 3(c)(vii) (with art. 28 )		this amendment (text omitted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		omitted
F42	Sch. 11 para. 26(3) omitted (1.8.2024) by virtue of Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Act 2022 (asc 1) , s. 148(2) , Sch. 4 para. 38(2) (with s. 19 ); S.I. 2024/806 , art. 3(c)(vii) (with art. 28 )		this amendment (text omitted) should be read in conjunction with other related provisions, see the commentary.		omitted
I1	S. 1 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(a)
I2	S. 2 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(a)
I3	S. 3(1) in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(2)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I4	S. 3(1)(7) in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I5	S. 3(2)-(6)(9) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I6	S. 3(7) in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(3)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I7	S. 3(8)(10) in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(b)
I8	S. 4 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I9	S. 5 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I10	S. 6 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I11	S. 7 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I12	S. 8 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I13	S. 9 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I14	S. 10 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I15	S. 11 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I16	S. 12 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I17	S. 13(1)(a)(2)(3) in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(6) (7)(a)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I18	S. 13(1)(a)(2)(3) in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I19	S. 13(1)(b)-(f)(4)(5) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I20	S. 14 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(a)
I21	S. 15 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(a)
I22	S. 16 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(b)
I23	S. 17 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(b)
I24	S. 18 in force at 1.4.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(b)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I25	S. 18 in force at 1.8.2019 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(b)
I26	S. 19 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(b)
I27	S. 20 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(b)
I28	S. 21 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(c)
I29	S. 22 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(c)
I30	S. 23 in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(6) (7)(b)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I31	S. 23 in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(c)
I32	S. 24 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(c)
I33	S. 25 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(c)
I34	S. 26 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(d)
I35	S. 27 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(e)
I36	S. 28 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I37	S. 29(1)(3)(5)-(7) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I38	S. 29(2) in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(4)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I39	S. 29(2) in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I40	S. 29(4) in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(f)
I41	S. 30 in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(4)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I42	S. 30 in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I43	S. 31 in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(4)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I44	S. 31 in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I45	S. 32 in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(4)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I46	S. 32 in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I47	S. 33 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I48	S. 34 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I49	S. 35 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I50	S. 36 in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(5)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I51	S. 36 in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I52	S. 37 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(d)
I53	S. 38 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(d)
I54	S. 39 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(a)
I55	S. 40 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(a)
I56	S. 41 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(a)
I57	S. 42(1)(3) in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(6) (7)(c)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I58	S. 42(1)(3) in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I59	S. 42(2)(4)-(13) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I60	S. 43 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I61	S. 44(1)-(4)(6)-(8) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I62	S. 44(5) in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(6) (7)(d)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I63	S. 44(5) in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I64	S. 45(1)(7) in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(6) (7)(e)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I65	S. 45(1)(7) in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I66	S. 45(2)-(6)(8)-(13) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I67	S. 46 in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(6) (7)(f)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I68	S. 46 in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I69	S. 47 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I70	S. 48 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I71	S. 49 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(e)
I72	S. 50 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(e)
I73	S. 51 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(f)
I74	S. 53 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(f)
I75	S. 54 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(f)
I76	S. 55 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(f)
I77	S. 56 in force at 1.4.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 3(a) (with transitional and saving provisions in S.I. 2018/1225 , reg. 2)
I78	S. 57 in force at 1.4.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 3(b) (with transitional and saving provisions in S.I. 2018/1225 , reg. 3)
I79	S. 58 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(g)
I80	S. 59 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(g)
I81	S. 60 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(g)
I82	S. 61 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(g)
I83	S. 62(1)-(4) in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(g)
I84	S. 62(5) in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(b)
I85	S. 63 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(h)
I86	S. 64 in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(8)(a)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I87	S. 64 in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(h) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 20)
I88	S. 65 in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(8)(b)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I89	S. 65 in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(h) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 20)
I90	S. 66(1) in force at 1.1.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 3(8)(c)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I91	S. 66(1) in force at 1.4.2018 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(h)
I92	S. 66(2)(a) in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(i)
I93	S. 66(2)(b)(3)-(8) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(h)
I94	S. 67 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(g)
I95	S. 68 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(g)
I96	S. 69 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(g)
I97	S. 70 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(c)
I98	S. 71 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(h)
I99	S. 72 in force at 1.1.2019 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(d)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I100	S. 72 in force at 1.8.2019 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(i)
I101	S. 73 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(j)
I102	S. 74 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(e)
I103	S. 75 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(j)
I104	S. 76 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(i)
I105	S. 77 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(k)
I106	S. 78 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(l)
I107	S. 79 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(j)
I108	S. 80 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(j)
I109	S. 81 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(j)
I110	S. 82 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(j)
I111	S. 83 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(m)
I112	S. 84 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(k)
I113	S. 85(1)-(3) in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(n)
I114	S. 85(4) (5) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(k)
I115	S. 88 in force at 1.4.2018 for E. by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(l)			: England
I116	S. 88 in force at 1.4.2018 for W. by S.I. 2018/415 , reg. 2(a)			: Wales
I117	S. 89(1)(2)(a)-(g)(i)(j) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(l)
I118	S. 89(2)(h)(i) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(l)
I119	S. 89(2)(h)(ii)(4) in force at 1.4.2018 for W. by S.I. 2018/415 , reg. 2(b)			: Wales
I120	S. 89(2)(h)(ii)(4) in force at 1.4.2018 for E. by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(l)			: England
I121	S. 89(3)(5)-(7) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(l)
I122	S. 90 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(k)
I123	S. 91 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I124	S. 92 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I125	S. 93 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I126	S. 94 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I127	S. 95 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I128	S. 96 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I129	S. 97 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I130	S. 98 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I131	S. 99 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I132	S. 100 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I133	S. 101 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I134	S. 102 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I135	S. 103 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I136	S. 104 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I137	S. 105 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I138	S. 106 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I139	S. 107 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I140	S. 108 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(a)
I141	S. 109(1)(a)-(d)(f)(h) in force at 31.10.2018 by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(a)
I142	S. 109(1)(g) in force at 30.3.2020 by S.I. 2020/321 , reg. 2(a)
I143	S. 109(2) in force at 31.10.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(b)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I144	S. 109(2) in force at 30.3.2020 for specified purposes by S.I. 2020/321 , reg. 2(b)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I145	S. 109(3)(4) in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(b)
I146	S. 111 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(c)
I147	S. 112 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(m)
I148	S. 113 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(m)
I149	S. 114 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(m)
I150	S. 118 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(o)
I151	S. 122(1) in force at 1.4.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(n)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I152	S. 122(1) in force at 1.8.2019 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(l)
I153	S. 122(2) in force at 1.4.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(o)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I154	S. 122(2) in force at 31.10.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(c)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I155	S. 122(2) in force at 30.3.2020 for specified purposes by S.I. 2020/321 , reg. 2(c)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I156	Sch. 1 para. 1 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I157	Sch. 1 para. 2 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I158	Sch. 1 para. 3 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I159	Sch. 1 para. 4 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I160	Sch. 1 para. 5 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I161	Sch. 1 para. 6 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I162	Sch. 1 para. 7 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I163	Sch. 1 para. 8 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I164	Sch. 1 para. 9 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I165	Sch. 1 para. 10 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I166	Sch. 1 para. 11 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I167	Sch. 1 para. 12 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I168	Sch. 1 para. 13 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I169	Sch. 1 para. 14 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I170	Sch. 1 para. 15 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I171	Sch. 1 para. 16 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I172	Sch. 1 para. 17 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I173	Sch. 1 para. 18 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I174	Sch. 1 para. 19 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I175	Sch. 1 para. 20 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I176	Sch. 1 para. 21 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/788 , reg. 2(b)
I177	Sch. 2 para. 1 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(p)
I178	Sch. 2 para. 2 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(p)
I179	Sch. 2 para. 3 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(p)
I180	Sch. 2 para. 4 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(p)
I181	Sch. 2 para. 5 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(p)
I182	Sch. 3 para. 1 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(m)
I183	Sch. 3 para. 2 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(m)
I184	Sch. 3 para. 3 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(m)
I185	Sch. 3 para. 4 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(m)
I186	Sch. 3 para. 5 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(m)
I187	Sch. 4 para. 1 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(p)(i)
I188	Sch. 4 para. 2 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(p)(i)
I189	Sch. 4 para. 3 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(p)(i)
I190	Sch. 4 para. 4 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(p)(i)
I191	Sch. 4 para. 5 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(p)(i)
I192	Sch. 4 para. 6 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(q)
I193	Sch. 4 para. 7 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(p)(ii)
I194	Sch. 4 para. 8 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(q)
I195	Sch. 4 para. 9 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(q)
I196	Sch. 4 para. 10 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(q)
I197	Sch. 4 para. 11 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(q)
I198	Sch. 4 para. 12 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(p)(iii)
I199	Sch. 5 para. 1 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(r)
I200	Sch. 5 para. 2 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(r)
I201	Sch. 5 para. 3 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(r)
I202	Sch. 5 para. 4 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(r)
I203	Sch. 5 para. 5 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(r)
I204	Sch. 5 para. 6 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(r)
I205	Sch. 5 para. 7 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(r)
I206	Sch. 5 para. 8 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(r)
I207	Sch. 5 para. 9 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(r)
I208	Sch. 6 para. 1 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(q)(i)
I209	Sch. 6 para. 2 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(q)(i)
I210	Sch. 6 para. 3 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(q)(i)
I211	Sch. 6 para. 4 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(q)(i)
I212	Sch. 6 para. 5 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(q)(i)
I213	Sch. 6 para. 6 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(f)
I214	Sch. 6 para. 7 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(f)
I215	Sch. 6 para. 8 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(f)
I216	Sch. 6 para. 9 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(f)
I217	Sch. 6 para. 10 in force at 1.1.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 2(f)
I218	Sch. 6 para. 11 in force at 1.1.2018 by S.I. 2017/1146 , reg. 2(q)(ii)
I219	Sch. 7 para. 1 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(n)
I220	Sch. 7 para. 2 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(n)
I221	Sch. 7 para. 3 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(n)
I222	Sch. 7 para. 4 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(n)
I223	Sch. 7 para. 5 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(n)
I224	Sch. 8 para. 1 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(n)
I225	Sch. 8 para. 2 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I226	Sch. 8 para. 3 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I227	Sch. 8 para. 4 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I228	Sch. 8 para. 5 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I229	Sch. 8 para. 6 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I230	Sch. 8 para. 7 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I231	Sch. 8 para. 8 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I232	Sch. 8 para. 9 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I233	Sch. 8 para. 10 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I234	Sch. 8 para. 11 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I235	Sch. 8 para. 12 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I236	Sch. 8 para. 13 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I237	Sch. 8 para. 14 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I238	Sch. 8 para. 15 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I239	Sch. 8 para. 16 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I240	Sch. 8 para. 17 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I241	Sch. 8 para. 18 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I242	Sch. 8 para. 19 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I243	Sch. 8 para. 20 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I244	Sch. 8 para. 21 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I245	Sch. 8 para. 22 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I246	Sch. 8 para. 23 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I247	Sch. 8 para. 24 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I248	Sch. 8 para. 25 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I249	Sch. 8 para. 26 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(o)
I250	Sch. 9 para. 1 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I251	Sch. 9 para. 2 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I252	Sch. 9 para. 3 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I253	Sch. 9 para. 4 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I254	Sch. 9 para. 5 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I255	Sch. 9 para. 6 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I256	Sch. 9 para. 7 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I257	Sch. 9 para. 8 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I258	Sch. 9 para. 9 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I259	Sch. 9 para. 10 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I260	Sch. 9 para. 11 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I261	Sch. 9 para. 12 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I262	Sch. 9 para. 13 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I263	Sch. 9 para. 14 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I264	Sch. 9 para. 15 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I265	Sch. 9 para. 16 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I266	Sch. 9 para. 17 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I267	Sch. 9 para. 18 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I268	Sch. 9 para. 19 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I269	Sch. 9 para. 20 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I270	Sch. 9 para. 21 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I271	Sch. 9 para. 22 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I272	Sch. 9 para. 23 in force at 30.3.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 3(d)
I273	Sch. 11 para. 1 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I274	Sch. 11 para. 2 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I275	Sch. 11 para. 3 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I276	Sch. 11 para. 4 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I277	Sch. 11 para. 5 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(p)
I278	Sch. 11 para. 6 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I279	Sch. 11 para. 9 in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(p)
I280	Sch. 11 para. 10 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I281	Sch. 11 para. 12 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I282	Sch. 11 para. 13 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I283	Sch. 11 para. 14 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2-4)
I284	Sch. 11 para. 15 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2-4)
I285	Sch. 11 para. 16 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2-4)
I286	Sch. 11 para. 18 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 5)
I287	Sch. 11 para. 19 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 6)
I288	Sch. 11 para. 21 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 8)
I289	Sch. 11 para. 22 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 9)
I290	Sch. 11 para. 23 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 10)
I291	Sch. 11 para. 24 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 11)
I292	Sch. 11 para. 26 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I293	Sch. 11 para. 27 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I294	Sch. 11 para. 28 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I295	Sch. 11 para. 29(1) (4) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I296	Sch. 11 para. 29(2) (3) in force at 1.8.2019 by S.I. 2018/1226 , reg. 4(p)
I297	Sch. 11 para. 30 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 13-16)
I298	Sch. 11 para. 31 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 17, 18)
I299	Sch. 11 para. 32 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I300	Sch. 11 para. 33 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 19)
I301	Sch. 11 para. 34 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I302	Sch. 11 para. 35 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(s)
I303	Sch. 12 para. 1 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 27)
I304	Sch. 12 para. 2 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 28)
I305	Sch. 12 para. 3 in force at 31.10.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(d)(i)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I306	Sch. 12 para. 4 in force at 31.10.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(d)(ii)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I307	Sch. 12 para. 4(2)(a) in force at 30.3.2020 for specified purposes by S.I. 2020/321 , reg. 2(d)(i)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I308	Sch. 12 para. 4(2)(c) in force at 30.3.2020 in so far as not already in force by S.I. 2020/321 , reg. 2(d)(ii)
I309	Sch. 12 para. 5 in force at 31.10.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(d)(iii)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I310	Sch. 12 para. 5 in force at 30.3.2020 for specified purposes by S.I. 2020/321 , reg. 2(d)(iii)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I311	Sch. 12 para. 6 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I312	Sch. 12 para. 7 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 26)
I313	Sch. 12 para. 9 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 29)
I314	Sch. 12 para. 10 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I315	Sch. 12 para. 11 in force at 31.10.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(d)(iv)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I316	Sch. 12 para. 11 in force at 30.3.2020 for specified purposes by S.I. 2020/321 , reg. 2(d)(iv)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I317	Sch. 12 para. 12 in force at 31.10.2018 for specified purposes by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(d)(v)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I318	Sch. 12 para. 12 in force at 30.3.2020 for specified purposes by S.I. 2020/321 , reg. 2(d)(v)	text for certain specified purposes only, see the commentary.				check commentary
I319	Sch. 12 para. 13 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I320	Sch. 12 para. 14 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I321	Sch. 12 para. 15 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 30)
I322	Sch. 12 para. 16(1)-(4) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I323	Sch. 12 para. 16(5) (6) in force at 31.10.2018 by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(d)(vi)
I324	Sch. 12 para. 17 in force at 31.10.2018 by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(d)(vii)
I325	Sch. 12 para. 18 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I326	Sch. 12 para. 19 in force at 31.10.2018 by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(d)(viii)
I327	Sch. 12 para. 20 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 26)
I328	Sch. 12 para. 21 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I329	Sch. 12 para. 22 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I330	Sch. 12 para. 23 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I331	Sch. 12 para. 24(1)-(3)(4)(b)(4)(c) in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I332	Sch. 12 para. 24(4)(a) in force at 31.10.2018 by S.I. 2018/1054 , reg. 2(d)(ix)
I333	Sch. 12 para. 25 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t) (with transitional and savings provisions in S.I. 2018/245 , regs. 2, 3, 26)
I334	Sch. 12 para. 26 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I335	Sch. 12 para. 27 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I336	Sch. 12 para. 28 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)
I337	Sch. 12 para. 29 in force at 1.4.2018 by S.I. 2018/241 , reg. 2(t)

Defined Term	Section/Article	ID	Scope of Application
a consultation function involving registered higher education providers	s. 118 of Part 4	a_consulta_rtQCy76
a fee limit condition	s. 10 of Part 1	legTermOG707xMx
a fee limit condition	s. 85 of Part 1	legTerm6ASyNCgZ
A financial sustainability summary	s. 68 of Part 1	A_financia_rtibZhv
A high level quality rating	para 2 of SCHEDULE 2	legTerm1MwaWpvB
a high level quality rating	para 5 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermidKFnN97
a public interest governance condition	s. 14 of Part 1	legTermS0FoCJiT
a researcher	s. 106 of Part 3	a_research_rtdHwXF
a researcher	s. 69 of Part 1	a_research_rtfwCTp
a student protection plan	s. 13 of Part 1	a_student__rtHmrPD
a student transfer	s. 38 of Part 1	a_student__rt6RAY7
academic freedom	s. 85 of Part 1	legTerm9C4uK8n4
academic freedom	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermlHWqmRXC
accelerated course	para 4 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermarYdYSiV
access and participation functions	para 3 of SCHEDULE 1	access_and_rtKUSLm
access and participation functions	s. 36 of Part 1	access_and_rtqB9BC
affected person	para 6 of SCHEDULE 5	affected_p_rtbf5p2
an access and participation plan condition	s. 12 of Part 1	legTermDm8fNaOh
an access and participation plan condition	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermm9GqN2J7
an approved body	s. 80 of Part 1	an_approve_rtYtBo7
an approved researcher	s. 80 of Part 1	an_approve_rtVPSoi
annual report	s. 38 of Part 1	legTerml02IdIB0
annual report	s. 68 of Part 1	legTermL7Os5YeQ
Annual reporting period	para 8 of Part 2 of SCHEDULE 4	legTermVJc5TgUo
Annual reporting period	para 8 of Part 2 of SCHEDULE 6	legTermHjUo5aoW
Application-to-acceptance information	s. 79 of Part 1	legTermWuVjcSbu
appropriate	s. 64 of Part 1	legTermheZglSWM
appropriate	s. 65 of Part 1	legTermvxNl1kY4
appropriate standards	s. 46 of Part 1	appropriat_rtsqJop
Approved person	s. 80 of Part 1	legTermfy0Y6oOF
assessment	s. 42 of Part 1	legTermFzhgJIBN
assisted	s. 40 of Part 1	assisted_rtPbjzq
authorised	s. 42 of Part 1	legTermg9A7XwCe
authorised	s. 43 of Part 1	legTerm8bzGKsFI
authorised	s. 50 of Part 1	legTermRnKhbbJF
authorised	s. 51 of Part 1	legTermc46oiZRM
authorised person	para 2 of SCHEDULE 5	authorised_rtB6CTx
authorised person	para 9 of SCHEDULE 5	legTermbzxWUOsq
Authorised person	s. 106 of Part 3	legTermynaTiWGg
Authorised person	s. 69 of Part 1	legTermEtkvb3xQ
award	s. 23 of Part 1	legTermxmvs9fpS
balanced funding principle	s. 103 of Part 3	balanced_f_rtny4VQ
civil servant	para 2 of SCHEDULE 1	legTermKS6mvaYH
civil service	para 3 of SCHEDULE 10	legTermqxO36jJt
commissioning arrangements	s. 50 of Part 1	(“_prnsKjKJ
connected person	s. 69D of Part 1	legTerm13jjYuua
constituent institution	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermKH4PJDqf
Costs	s. 73 of Part 1	legTermowOY9XHL
Council	s. 111 of Part 3	legTermUYkLaTcH
Council members	para 3 of SCHEDULE 9	legTermNo6t1hyU
Council sub-committee	para 10 of SCHEDULE 9	legTermlEb4oqx0
Councils	s. 92 of Part 3	legTermCtvQSiup
course X	s. 38 of Part 1	(“_prnqARyO
course Y	s. 38 of Part 1	(“_prnAtwUy
designated assessment body	s. 46 of Part 1	legTermdY3IAXPs
designated body	para 11 of Part 3 of SCHEDULE 6	legTermhVROwFD0
designated body	para 12 of Part 3 of SCHEDULE 4	legTermay87boTP
designated body	s. 27 of Part 1	designated_rtIngpV
designated body	s. 28 of Part 1	legTermWjgKnURe
designated body	s. 66 of Part 1	legTermNY4QzinP	alert
Designated body	s. 67 of Part 1	legTerm4amMtLsk
designated body	s. 8 of Part 1	legTermTMa2C1yE
document	para 9 of SCHEDULE 5	legTermW5qGROmN
electoral registration officer in England	s. 13 of Part 1	legTermG19RzngW
Eligible higher education course	s. 40 of Part 1	legTermg7eC64Ty
Eligible higher education provider	s. 39 of Part 1	legTerm6XR6S7NF
Eligible higher education provider	s. 97 of Part 3	legTermtSoOhB6D
English further education provider	s. 83 of Part 1	legTermCEfmxGRO
English higher education provider	s. 118 of Part 4	legTermaPHsGj2Q
English higher education provider	s. 123 of Part 4	English_hi_rt2IM51
English higher education provider	s. 83 of Part 1	legTermO8ERYa1N
equality of opportunity	s. 32 of Part 1	legTermxqOeGLrI
Equality of opportunity	s. 35 of Part 1	legTermNYLw8WpG
Equality of opportunity	s. 37 of Part 1	legTermCWLxJFlj
equality of opportunity	s. 79 of Part 1	legTermq57zDmVc
Excluded items	para 6 of SCHEDULE 5	legTermd2ud77n8
executive chair	para 3 of SCHEDULE 9	(the_“_prnfTV8s
Executive sub-committee	para 9 of SCHEDULE 9	legTermNxXj84YT
Fee income	s. 72 of Part 1	legTermdc6HnWeb
fees	s. 10 of Part 1	fees_rt6z2Mj
fees	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermlE9Ytf1f
Financial support directions	s. 77 of Part 1	Financial__rtqA9EF
financial year	para 12 of SCHEDULE 1	legTermrcK7RHp7
financial year	para 14 of SCHEDULE 9	legTermjkZui5Jm
financial year	s. 38 of Part 1	legTermss2sPyCM
financial year	s. 68 of Part 1	legTermeeY73qed
foundation degree	s. 42 of Part 1	legTermAuhuEWad
foundation degree	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermmsdysO4m
foundation degree only authorisation	s. 42 of Part 1	legTermDS482TLS
foundation degree only authorisation	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermMnWOdiRy
free speech functions	para 3A of SCHEDULE 1	free_speec_rtHcI8y
general committee	para 10 of SCHEDULE 9	legTermre9C0eW9
general provisions	s. 32 of Part 1	legTermcXucvDai
governing body	s. 85 of Part 1	governing__rtnuRFA
graduate	para 11 of Part 3 of SCHEDULE 6	legTermz1PS1jUM
graduate	para 12 of Part 3 of SCHEDULE 4	legTermEucYHjXm
graduate	s. 65 of Part 1	legTermokoPAx2b
Haldane principle	s. 103 of Part 3	Haldane_pr_rtvZEiu
HEFCE	s. 118 of Part 4	legTermB2BnPbbx
high level quality rating	s. 31 of Part 1	legTermnHIVOvbq
higher education	s. 113 of Part 4	legTermFgVB4I7C
higher education	s. 114 of Part 4	legTermaMLpubVl
higher education	s. 25 of Part 1	higher_edu_rtrWeXh
higher education	s. 25 of Part 1	higher_edu_rt7dFUQ
higher education	s. 38 of Part 1	higher_edu_rtEhQ4H
higher education	s. 83 of Part 1	legTermRl801tyJ
higher education course	s. 10 of Part 1	legTermoMbqkcUG
higher education course	s. 38 of Part 1	higher_edu_rtMJQ5p
higher education course	s. 83 of Part 1	legTermTlczyOQa
higher education provider	s. 25 of Part 1	higher_edu_rtq9JXk
higher education provider	s. 38 of Part 1	higher_edu_rt1BS9k
higher education provider	s. 83 of Part 1	legTermkdakoiSF
humanities	s. 111 of Part 3	legTermFM2qqw4z
humanities	s. 46 of Part 1	legTermw0ztSNa8
in the performance of its functions	s. 67A of Part 1	in_the_per_rtKjOBy
independent	s. 26 of Part 1	legTermasHpUn0e
institution	s. 83 of Part 1	legTermCwZGTDm5
institution	s. 89 of Part 2	institutio_rt2alVG
international student	s. 10 of Part 1	legTermbBvTIqR1
international student	s. 65 of Part 1	legTermY70wiyuN
item	para 9 of SCHEDULE 5	legTerm86kilMwl
knowledge exchange	s. 111 of Part 3	legTerm3rwPmH5P
knowledge exchange	s. 93 of Part 3	legTermhh8SSkoe
linked institution	para 9 of SCHEDULE 5	legTerm47ZnMEUV
linked institution	s. 61 of Part 1	legTermjo3m7Esz
member	s. 85 of Part 1	legTerm86mlz0sP
member	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermxaLPOYSG
members of UKRI	para 2 of SCHEDULE 9	legTerm70EiyQ6F
Ministerial appointee	para 5 of SCHEDULE 9	Ministeria_rtxYa9D
monetary penalty	s. 15 of Part 1	monetary_p_rtRWjg8
monetary penalty	s. 69B of Part 1	monetary_p_rtlKXW0
new	s. 6 of Part 1	new_rtUX1xf
notice	s. 121 of Part 4	legTermmONfY9NO
notify	s. 121 of Part 4	legTermqLKDW09R
OfS committee	para 8 of SCHEDULE 1	legTerm7s8OjfTp
ordinary Council members	para 3 of SCHEDULE 9	(the_“_prnW9QEu
Other fee related income	s. 72 of Part 1	legTermWwFHFaGD
overseas country	s. 69D of Part 1	legTerm68m2bTF5
payees	s. 71 of Part 1	(“_prnTIz0B
pending	s. 85 of Part 1	pending_rtyW0Qp
permitted transferee	para 1 of SCHEDULE 10	legTermoNncxWLO
permitted transferor	para 1 of SCHEDULE 10	legTermZolcVm6i
politically exposed person	s. 69D of Part 1	legTermZE0nUwtD
Prescribed	para 2 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermZooitb1S
Prescribed	para 3 of SCHEDULE 2	legTerm6NvdwvpT
prescribed	s. 10 of Part 1	legTermskBYEgto
Prescribed	s. 9 of Part 1	legTerm4fDRqUU7
prescribed country	s. 69D of Part 1	legTermHY8SlhAq
primary legislation	s. 121 of Part 4	legTermF0Z2PHuG
progression statement	s. 42 of Part 1	progressio_rtodW0m
property transfer scheme	para 1 of SCHEDULE 10	property_t_rtkQQx8
Qualifying connected institution	s. 39 of Part 1	legTermZxpuJeqI
qualifying course	s. 10 of Part 1	legTermIaOjfWUx
qualifying course	s. 31 of Part 1	legTermB23q67UF
qualifying person	s. 10 of Part 1	legTermtTg1EvTA
qualifying person	s. 31 of Part 1	legTermaRlrxXWG
Qualifying research	s. 79 of Part 1	legTermBylhcrs4
Qualifying research	s. 80 of Part 1	legTerm8M7bAADw
Quality Assessment Committee	s. 24 of Part 1	Quality_As_rtAcQG8
registered higher education provider	s. 118 of Part 4	legTermG0G5MxlS
registered higher education provider	s. 3 of Part 1	legTermZxlojBsx
registered higher education provider	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermIvNuMuk5
registered higher education provider that is eligible for financial support	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermp91CaFrK
registration	s. 3 of Part 1	registrati_rttHGFW
registration	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermIDHrA1wH
Regulatory risk	s. 75 of Part 1	legTermjcvUSkr9
Regulatory risk	s. 7 of Part 1	legTermgX4Bsk2K
relevant	s. 68 of Part 1	relevant_rtG5x97
relevant academic year	s. 11 of Part 1	legTermZCOFICYc
relevant academic year	s. 31 of Part 1	legTermu3xZQHlP
relevant authority	s. 113 of Part 4	legTermXVI5GiC7
Relevant committee	para 11 of SCHEDULE 9	legTermXUgXFyj6
Relevant experience	para 2 of SCHEDULE 9	legTerm9kwOwnA8
relevant function	s. 63 of Part 1	legTermMiZDCYOG
relevant funding	s. 69D of Part 1	relevant_f_rta73Ji
Relevant higher education premises	para 1 of SCHEDULE 5	legTermLJUhzp3s
relevant overseas person	s. 69D of Part 1	legTermEAQUxHzW
relevant overseas person	s. 69E of Part 1	legTermGH6lSDd8
relevant person	s. 63 of Part 1	legTermFJ2kegOC
relevant specialist employee	s. 95 of Part 3	legTerm0sRvaR9m
relevant strategic delivery plan	s. 100 of Part 3	legTermGuUjbGaK
relevant supported higher education provider	para 9 of SCHEDULE 5	legTermMIEPU5KK
research and innovation strategy	s. 111 of Part 3	legTermqYLEyGD2
research and innovation strategy	s. 99 of Part 3	legTerm8QlSku0S
research award	s. 42 of Part 1	legTermHF0MksBe
research award	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermKm03sMMW
research services	s. 107 of Part 3	research_s_rtoRVLW
School	s. 39 of Part 1	legTermjDMXu6eS
science	s. 111 of Part 3	legTerm49arqy0v
science	s. 46 of Part 1	legTermHIRlWZjI
secondary legislation	s. 121 of Part 4	legTermLPEuZyas
section 25 scheme	s. 26 of Part 1	legTermYaPWVBqY
sector-recognised standards	s. 13 of Part 1	legTermR3TTnnze
sector-recognised standards	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermnfQ80PWC
specified	s. 101 of Part 3	legTermD8S5uyo6
specified	s. 102 of Part 3	legTerm5CRY04vE
specified	s. 42 of Part 1	legTermO5svJPCS
specified	s. 43 of Part 1	legTermbENWwRDG
specified	s. 74 of Part 1	legTermbBvom5Hq
staff transfer scheme	para 1 of SCHEDULE 10	staff_tran_rtGNOvf
student outcomes	s. 23 of Part 1	legTermnjOG4oXJ
students’ union	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermoFHE8cgq
suitable	s. 26 of Part 1	legTermwSce0wp4
supplementary function	s. 76 of Part 1	supplement_rtgFaok
supported higher education provider	para 9 of SCHEDULE 5	legTermhVsYpkAh
Supported higher education provider	s. 61 of Part 1	legTermY10cpwAW
taught award	s. 42 of Part 1	legTermHHdLlh8f
taught award	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermpwNVue0j
the 1972 Act	para 7 of SCHEDULE 1	legTerm1e6p3uwo
the 1972 Act	para 8 of SCHEDULE 9	legTermFha15Rie
the 1988 Act	s. 54 of Part 1	legTermGrp6qqed
the Access and Participation Director	para 3 of SCHEDULE 1	(“_prnrlksI
The appropriate consent	s. 25 of Part 1	legTermm8aj8T9X
the assessment functions	para 12 of Part 3 of SCHEDULE 4	legTermqGHVo5fa
The assessment functions	s. 27 of Part 1	The_assess_rttF7L9
The basic amount	para 3 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermZ3MXbtE8
the CEO	para 2 of SCHEDULE 9	(“_prnYUFQX
the CFO	para 2 of SCHEDULE 9	(“_prnVcvCl
the chair	para 2 of SCHEDULE 1	(“_prnb2qii
the chair	para 2 of SCHEDULE 9	(“_prn54Mk2
the data protection legislation	s. 112 of Part 4	legTermA9zcD8vi
the data protection legislation	s. 63 of Part 1	legTermqPni5JTK
the data protection legislation	s. 67A of Part 1	legTermHGtoUkp2
The date of notification	s. 73 of Part 1	legTermJMvPv5h0
the DFA	s. 118 of Part 4	legTermncEaNynA
the effective date	para 11 of Part 3 of SCHEDULE 6	legTerm9U0WFZC4
the effective date	para 12 of Part 3 of SCHEDULE 4	legTermIWFxrOvs
the effective date	para 3 of Part 1 of SCHEDULE 4	legTerm5MnHeVGj
the effective date	para 3 of Part 1 of SCHEDULE 6	legTerm1pW47iGf
the electoral registration of students	s. 13 of Part 1	legTermsTtWGnsG
the excepted purposes	s. 16 of Part 1	(“_prnxizYV
the Executive Committee	para 9 of SCHEDULE 9	the_Execut_rtZsGd5
the fee limit	para 1 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermtSPlyvnQ
the fee limit	s. 10 of Part 1	the_fee_li_rtJqllw
The floor amount	para 2 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermQtbSdg60
The floor amount	para 3 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermP27uBMfP
the Free Speech Director	para 3A of SCHEDULE 1	(“_prnLCFWj
The higher amount	para 2 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermgWYP7u25
the higher amount	s. 31 of Part 1	legTermOU9IB5Ru
the initial period	s. 26 of Part 1	legTermxYnWBGtc
the institutional autonomy of English higher education providers	s. 2 of Part 1	legTermPUzNQ07L
the institutional autonomy of English higher education providers	s. 85 of Part 1	legTerm6Pk3eaqD
The most appropriate body	para 2 of Part 1 of SCHEDULE 4	legTermtdyNBsqg
the OfS	s. 121 of Part 4	legTerm91q1QCaE
the OfS	s. 1 of Part 1	legTermGpbxLrf3
the ordinary members	para 2 of SCHEDULE 1	(“_prn69dwQ
the receiving provider	s. 38 of Part 1	(“_prnxdD0c
the recommended body	para 3 of Part 1 of SCHEDULE 4	(“_prn8EZhS
the recommended body	para 3 of Part 1 of SCHEDULE 6	(“_prnT611z
the register	s. 3 of Part 1	legTermuNVUSfWw
the register	s. 85 of Part 1	legTermFrW3DRwT
the relevant academic year	para 1 of SCHEDULE 2	the_releva_rtnFuyl
the relevant body	s. 46 of Part 1	legTerm56DP3f4i
the relevant body	s. 64 of Part 1	legTermBu70jOJw
the relevant body	s. 65 of Part 1	legTermAllZmfVt
the relevant course	para 1 of SCHEDULE 2	the_releva_rtKgOqP
The relevant time	para 2 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermlIKS5PTQ
The relevant time	para 3 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermT04qAf0v
the remedial conditions	s. 16 of Part 1	(“_prnt7kbh
the removal date	s. 22 of Part 1	(“_prn56307
the specified period	para 2 of SCHEDULE 3	legTermD794LVM1
the specified period	s. 17 of Part 1	legTermbhcuW6dZ
the specified period	s. 19 of Part 1	legTermA76b1BDp
the specified period	s. 48 of Part 1	legTermeiviBFN9
the specified period	s. 4 of Part 1	legTermLFqbrKZs
the specified period	s. 59 of Part 1	legTermhJkW4iBi
the specified period	s. 6 of Part 1	legTerm2axkChkd
The sub-level amount	para 2 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermiyanF2xS
the sub-level amount	para 2 of SCHEDULE 2	the_sub-le_rt6XwmD
The sub-level amount	para 3 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermQtk2JErd
the sub-level amount	para 3 of SCHEDULE 2	the_sub-le_rtD0kuc
the sub-level amount	para 5 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermaxLg6L2g
the sub-level amount	para 5 of SCHEDULE 2	legTermUiabwF2l
the sub-level amount	s. 31 of Part 1	legTermaewAwg9f
the threshold	s. 69D of Part 1	legTerm6I92o5wf
the transferring provider	s. 38 of Part 1	(“_prnk8c7Z
threshold	s. 69E of Part 1	legTerm80sGa5oK
training provider	s. 83 of Part 1	legTermZK4f87ud
Triennial reporting period	para 9 of Part 2 of SCHEDULE 4	legTermUzGtHxAT
Triennial reporting period	para 9 of Part 2 of SCHEDULE 6	legTerm7u1tM21F
TUPE regulations	para 3 of SCHEDULE 10	legTermJr98kMV8
UK higher education provider	s. 38 of Part 1	legTermkNtEr4Md
UKRI	s. 121 of Part 4	legTermwFR8dZMV
UKRI	s. 91 of Part 3	legTerm9yl12MJ3
UKRI appointee	para 6 of SCHEDULE 9	UKRI_appoi_rtfyFVB
validation arrangements	s. 47 of Part 1	legTermttUdLkOg
validation arrangements	s. 50 of Part 1	legTermpdTnoYnP
validation arrangements	s. 51 of Part 1	legTerm1RlvhzL3

Higher Education and Research Act 2017

2017 CHAPTER 29

Part 1 The Office for Students

Establishment of the Office for Students

1 The Office for Students I1

2 General duties I2

The register of English higher education providers

3 The register I3,I4,I5,I6,I7

4 Registration procedure I8

Registration conditions

5 The initial and general ongoing registration conditions I9

6 The specific ongoing registration conditions I10

7 Proportionate conditions I11

Mandatory registration conditions

8 Mandatory ongoing registration conditions for all providers I12

9 Mandatory transparency condition for certain providers I13

10 Mandatory fee limit condition for certain providers I14

11 Duty to publish a list regarding the fee limit condition I15

12 Mandatory access and participation plan condition for certain institutions I16

Other registration conditions

13 Other initial and ongoing registration conditions I17,I18,I19

14 Public interest governance condition I20

Enforcement of ongoing registration conditions

15 Power to impose monetary penalties I21

16 Suspension of registration I22

17 Suspension: procedure I23

18 De-registration by the OfS I24,I25

19 De-registration by the OfS: procedure I26

20 De-registration: appeals I27

21 Refusal to renew an access and participation plan I28

Voluntary de-registration

22 Voluntary de-registration I29

Quality and standards

23 Assessing the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education I30,I31

24 Quality Assessment Committee I32

25 Rating the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education I33

26 Report on operation of section 25 schemes I34

27 Performance of assessment functions by a designated body I35

28 Power of designated body to charge fees I36

Access and participation

29 Power to approve an access and participation plan I37,I38,I39,I40

30 Duration of a plan I41,I42

31 Content of a plan: fees I43,I44

32 Content of a plan: equality of opportunity I45,I46

33 Variation of a plan I47

34 Review of decisions on approval or variation I48

35 Advice on good practice I49

36 Duty to protect academic freedom I50,I51

37 Power of Secretary of State to require a report I52

Student transfers

38 Duty to monitor etc the provision of arrangements for student transfers I53

Powers to give financial support

39 Financial support for registered higher education providers I54

40 Financial support for certain institutions I55

41 Financial support: terms and conditions I56

Powers to grant degrees etc

42 Authorisation to grant degrees etc I57,I58,I59

43 Supplementary powers with authorisation I60

44 Variation or revocation of section 42 authorisation I61,I62,I63

45 Variation or revocation of other authorisations to grant degrees etc I64,I65,I66

46 Grant, variation or revocation of authorisation: advice on quality etc I67,I68

47 Grant of authorisation: notification of new providers I69

48 Variation or revocation of authorisation: procedure I70

49 Appeals against variation or revocation of authorisation I71

50 Validation by authorised providers I72

51 Validation by the OfS I73

52 Sections 42 to 49: consequential amendments

53 Unrecognised degrees I74

54 Unrecognised degrees: supplementary I75

55 Saving for right to grant degrees under the Ecclesiastical Licences Act 1533I76

Powers in relation to “university” title

56 Use of “university” in title of institution I77

57 Unauthorised use of “university” in title of institution etc I78

58 Revocation of authorisation to use “university” title I79

59 Revocation of authorisation: procedure I80

60 Appeals against revocation of authorisation I81

Powers of entry and search

61 Entering and searching premises with a warrant I82

Information powers

62 Power to require information from unregistered providers I83,I84

1 The Office for Students _I1

2 General duties _I2

3 The register _I3_,_I4_,_I5_,_I6_,_I7

4 Registration procedure _I8

5 The initial and general ongoing registration conditions _I9

6 The specific ongoing registration conditions _I10

7 Proportionate conditions _I11

8 Mandatory ongoing registration conditions for all providers _I12

9 Mandatory transparency condition for certain providers _I13

10 Mandatory fee limit condition for certain providers _I14

11 Duty to publish a list regarding the fee limit condition _I15

12 Mandatory access and participation plan condition for certain institutions _I16

13 Other initial and ongoing registration conditions _I17_,_I18_,_I19

14 Public interest governance condition _I20

15 Power to impose monetary penalties _I21

16 Suspension of registration _I22

17 Suspension: procedure _I23

18 De-registration by the OfS _I24_,_I25

19 De-registration by the OfS: procedure _I26

20 De-registration: appeals _I27

21 Refusal to renew an access and participation plan _I28

22 Voluntary de-registration _I29

23 Assessing the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education _I30_,_I31

24 Quality Assessment Committee _I32

25 Rating the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education _I33

26 Report on operation of section 25 schemes _I34

27 Performance of assessment functions by a designated body _I35

28 Power of designated body to charge fees _I36

29 Power to approve an access and participation plan _I37_,_I38_,_I39_,_I40

30 Duration of a plan _I41_,_I42

31 Content of a plan: fees _I43_,_I44

32 Content of a plan: equality of opportunity _I45_,_I46

33 Variation of a plan _I47

34 Review of decisions on approval or variation _I48

35 Advice on good practice _I49

36 Duty to protect academic freedom _I50_,_I51

37 Power of Secretary of State to require a report _I52

38 Duty to monitor etc the provision of arrangements for student transfers _I53

39 Financial support for registered higher education providers _I54

40 Financial support for certain institutions _I55

41 Financial support: terms and conditions _I56

42 Authorisation to grant degrees etc _I57_,_I58_,_I59

43 Supplementary powers with authorisation _I60

44 Variation or revocation of section 42 authorisation _I61_,_I62_,_I63

45 Variation or revocation of other authorisations to grant degrees etc _I64_,_I65_,_I66

46 Grant, variation or revocation of authorisation: advice on quality etc _I67_,_I68

47 Grant of authorisation: notification of new providers _I69

48 Variation or revocation of authorisation: procedure _I70

49 Appeals against variation or revocation of authorisation _I71

50 Validation by authorised providers _I72

51 Validation by the OfS _I73

53 Unrecognised degrees _I74

54 Unrecognised degrees: supplementary _I75

55 Saving for right to grant degrees under the Ecclesiastical Licences Act 1533_I76

56 Use of “university” in title of institution _I77

57 Unauthorised use of “university” in title of institution etc _I78

58 Revocation of authorisation to use “university” title _I79

59 Revocation of authorisation: procedure _I80

60 Appeals against revocation of authorisation _I81

61 Entering and searching premises with a warrant _I82

62 Power to require information from unregistered providers _I83_,_I84

63 Cooperation and information sharing by the OfS _I85

64 Duty to compile and make available higher education information _I86_,_I87

65 Duty to publish higher education information _I88_,_I89

66 Designated body _I90_,_I91_,_I92_,_I93

67 Power of designated body to charge fees _I94

[^F4 Publication

68 Duty to monitor and report on financial sustainability _I95

69 Studies for improving economy, efficiency and effectiveness _I96

[^F569B Functions of the OfS in relation to students’ unions

[^F669D Overseas funding: registered higher education providers

70 Registration fees _I97

71 Other fees _I98

72 Retention of fee related income _I99_,_I100

73 Costs recovery _I101

74 Grants from the Secretary of State _I102

75 Regulatory framework _cross-notes_I103

76 Secretary of State's power to confer supplementary functions _I104

77 Secretary of State's power to give directions _I105

78 Power to require information and advice from the OfS _I106